"Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties" can include dozens of dynasties or countries.
The main social and economic characteristics of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties:
First, the economies of the north and the south tend to be balanced. The south of the Yangtze River developed rapidly, while the development of the Central Plains was relatively slow. The Yellow River Basin is the center of China's economic development. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, there was a huge gap in economic development between the north and the south. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, large-scale wars mostly occurred in the north and lasted for a long time, causing serious damage to the northern economy. The south is relatively stable, allowing the southern economy to develop rapidly. In this way, the north-south economy began to become more balanced, and the economic pattern centered on the Yellow River Basin in the north began to change.
Second, the noble manor economy and monastery economy occupied an important position. The development of the gentry system and the rulers' belief in Buddhism led to the vicious expansion of the landlord manor economy and the monastery economy, resulting in a large loss of land and labor.
Third, the overall level of the commodity economy is low. Due to the war, many cities were severely damaged. In addition, the south had just been developed, and the commodity economy developed slowly.
Fourth, economic exchanges among various ethnic groups have been strengthened. Due to the strengthening of ethnic integration, the various ethnic groups during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties had close ties and gradually integrated into one. All ethnic groups learn from each other and complement each other's strengths, which promotes economic recovery and development. At the same time, it also laid the foundation for the prosperity of the Sui and Tang Dynasties.
Outstanding Characteristics of Culture in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties
⑴ Outstanding achievements in science and technology. Such as Zu Chongzhi's calculation of pi, Li Daoyuan's "Shui Jing Zhu", etc.
⑵The ideological community is extremely active. Taoism was systematized, and the struggle between Buddhism and anti-Buddhism was fierce. Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism began to show signs of merging, and literature, painting, and grotto art were imprinted with Buddhism.
⑶Reflect the characteristics of ethnic integration. Representative culture and achievements, reflecting national characteristics and different national styles.
⑷It bears the mark of separatism. During this period, Chinese society was in a state of division and separatism. Different regional cultures had different characteristics and obvious differences. In particular, the cultural differences between the north and the south were very different, and the styles of folk songs between the north and the south were very different. ——Common sense history.