At the end of his life, Yuan Haowen asked future generations to write only seven words on the tombstone, which shows that he attached importance to and affirmed his poetry creation. "Poetry is crazy and laughs at mountains, and rice might as well laugh at Du Fu." One sentence shows his great confidence in his poetic talent.
Yuan Haowen (1 190- 1257), a Chinese character, studied in Yishan (now the northeast of Dingxiang County, Shanxi Province), so he was named Yishan, Shanxi Taiyuan (now Xinzhou, Shanxi Province) Xiurong, an official family, and his pedigree came from Tuoba of the Northern Wei Dynasty. He was smart since he was a child. He studied at the age of four and wrote poems at the age of eight. At the age of fourteen, I worshipped Hao Tianting, a famous Confucian in Lingchuan. I have been studying hard for six years, studying ancient classics. I have mastered hundreds of schools in a few years, and my literary accomplishment is very high. Yuan Haowen wrote more than 5,000 poems in his life. Today, there are 388 poems 1 and 384 words.
Yuan Haowen's literary achievements are the most outstanding in poetry creation, and he established his position in the history of literature with "Mourning for the Death". These poems were written before and after the demise of the Jin Dynasty, mainly including three poems about Qiyang, five poems about Renchen's driving in December, fifteen poems about the snow pavilion, three poems about crossing the North on May 3rd, and ten songs about the little girl. These poems widely and profoundly reflect the reality of the destruction of the country and the death of the family, which is of poetic significance. Yuan Haowen's "Mourning Poem" is rare after Du Fu in terms of artistic generalization and sincere emotion. However, unlike Du Fu, he still has hope for the rejuvenation of the country. He was both desperate and unwilling, and his repressed feelings generate produced an elegy with strong appeal, and these "mourning poems" set off another * * * climax of realistic poetry style after Du Fu. For example, the second part of Qiyang: "One hundred and twenty rivers are not horizontal, and Qin Jing is dark for ten years. There is no faith in the west, and there is crying in the east. Wild vines are full of love and bones, and the sunset is empty. From whom do you ask the sky in detail, and strive to send Chiyou as the five soldiers? "Another example is" Crossing the North on May 3 in Guangxi ":"The road is full of tired prisoners, and the cars are used to water. Pink cries with the Hummer, for whom to turn back step by step. " "With the camp, the wooden Buddha is cheaper than firewood, and the bell rings all the time. Geometricians were plundered by Lu, and the ship arrived in Bianjing, which was muddy. " "Bones are messed up. In a few years, mulberries turned into dragon sand. I only know that there are many creatures in the river, but there are a few broken houses. " Pens and pens are all blood and tears, and every word is grief and indignation. As Zhao Yi, a great writer and historian in Qing Dynasty, said in Poems of Mountain Heritage: "The country is unfortunate, but the poets are fortunate, so it is convenient to give them vicissitudes." It is the broken mountains and rivers and the poet's worries that have created these excellent works.
Of course, Yuan Haowen also has a large number of landscape poems. The overall style of these poems is magnificent, elegant and unpretentious, with many famous sentences. For example, "A Tour of Huangpi Mountain": "The turbulent sound turns to the ravine, and the snow is cold with the shade. Hanging over thousands of feet suddenly became an eye, feeling ill and washing my chest. Thunder and hail scattered, and the sun set on Changhong. A thousand miles of pearls pour down, and the sea overturns the dragon's sorrow. " The poet wrote the wonders of Huanghua Mountain Waterfall with powerful brushstrokes, giving people a magnificent feeling. In addition, Yuan Haowen wrote some poems on paintings in his later period. These poems are short and pithy, with far-reaching artistic conception, and they are often played with themes and have flavor, which fully sets off the connotation of the painting. For example, "Autumn Water with Small Hair" says: "The sheep's intestines never turn, and the car rolls for a long time. Draw a picture to kill a boat, Wan Li Qingjiang Wan Li Day. " As can be seen from the poem, the content of the painting is that Qiu Jiang is boundless and the boat is small, but the poet just takes this painting as the introduction, and it is difficult to walk by road and recite the world, which makes the artistic conception and connotation of the painting expand a lot.
Yuan Haowen left 384 words called Yi Shan Yue Fu. Many researchers in later generations loved his ci. For example, Weng Fanggang thinks that Yuan Haowen's words are more elegant than Lu You's. Liu Xizai called Yuan Haowen's ci "a famous work in Song Dynasty", and his style was both bold and graceful. Taking Selected Works of Ancient Writers as an example, Guo Xiangsheng, a modern scholar, commented on Yuan Haowen: "Yishan's brushwork is amazing, absorbing thousands of streams, leaving 40 volumes, which is similar to the history of Jin Dynasty." It should be said that although these comments are exaggerated, they also show that Yuan Haowen's writing has indeed reached a certain level. He began to write lyrics in his youth and never left in his later years. As far as style is concerned, with the demise of the Jin Dynasty as the boundary, the early stage is clear and bold, and the later stage is desolate and gloomy.
Yuan Haowen is not only knowledgeable in poetry, but also calls himself an "expert in poetry". He wrote an immortal poem review "On Thirty Poems", which almost summarized various styles and important poets since the Han Dynasty. All the comments are concentrated in the seven-character poem, which is not only accurate, but also brilliant in literary talent. On Poetry follows the style of Du Fu. He was only 28 years old that year.
But no matter Yuan Haowen's poems or his poetics, the public knows very little except scholars and people who love him. In most people's minds, this generation of literary leaders, like the troubled times he lived in, is just a vague historical image.
Gouting unofficial history Yibuyi
Yuan Haowen occupies an important position in the literary history of Jin and Yuan Dynasties with his outstanding literary achievements. In fact, Yuan Haowen's poems are not only literary but also epic. He is better at historiography, and as a scholar, he has made an indelible contribution to the revision of the Golden History. Jin Dynasty is a dynasty established by the ancient ethnic minority Jurchen nationality in China, and it is famous for its outstanding civilization. Yuan Haowen lived in a period when the Yuan Dynasty destroyed the gold, the northern minorities merged with the Han nationality, the northern culture exchanged with the Central Plains culture, and the northern literature and the southern literature were transplanted alternately. During this period, Yuan Haowen's works, such as Zhongzhou Collection, Miscellaneous Compilation of People and Ministers, Continued Records and Collected Works of Mr. Yuan Zhenshan, all took history as the text and played an important role in the compilation of the Golden History by Yuan people.
During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of Jin Dynasty (1217-1221), Yuan Haowen had gradually emerged in the literary world. At the same time, Yuan Haowen has also set foot in history. "When you grow up, you will know more about the Qin Dynasty. Every time you hear Zhou Han City, Lantian, you will build it. It is even more "looking at the mountains and rivers to win, checking the past and the past, and almost living up to the ancients." "In the second year of Tianxing (1233) in April, after Yuan Haowen and other officials were detained by the Mongolian army in Liaocheng (now Liaocheng, Shandong Province), he was most concerned about writing down the historical facts of the late Jin Dynasty. 1239, the old dynasty was replaced by the new court, and Yuan Haowen, who had been detained in Liaocheng, Shandong Province for six years, regained his freedom and returned to Xinzhou. Finally, he made up his mind to "build a pavilion at home, write on it and name it unofficial history. "After years of running around, he accumulated a lot of information about the last words of the monarch and his subjects, which was later called Records of the Words and Actions of the Monarch and His Subjects in Jin and Yuan Dynasties. With the aim of "preserving history with poetry", the collection of Zhongzhou was edited. This is a collection of poems in the Jin Dynasty, including not only 2 1 16 poems by poets who died or were not in Mongolia in the Jin Dynasty, but also two emperors and ministers in the Jin Dynasty and even ordinary people in cloth (including 200 1 first and15 poems). "Golden history? Yi Wen Zhuan was written on the basis of it, and the later History of the Whole Gold was naturally supplemented on the basis of it. At the same time, The Story of Zhongzhou also provides rich materials for the history of the Jin Dynasty. Yuan Haowen always respects historical facts, does not stick to the rules, and writes a straight book. Scholars of later generations agreed that the History of Jin was closely related to Yuan Haowen, and the General Catalogue of Sikuquanshu called "there are many books". Yuan Haowen's practice of revising the history of national subjugation was also imitated by later generations.
Unofficial history Pavilion has a long-standing reputation. During these 800 years, many people mourned or restored it, leaving many poems and inscriptions. However, as early as the early years of the Republic of China, Liang Shanji, the president of Shanxi Education, once lamented, "What if the pavilions and pavilions are so sparse now?" It's a hundred years now, and it's even more decadent. Between decay, only forgetting is left.
The character's life and family background
According to legend, his ancestors were the sons of Emperor Tuoba Tao of the Northern Wei Dynasty (one was Tuoba Han, king of Qin, and the other was Tuoba Yu, king of Nan 'an). His ancestors moved from Pingcheng (now Datong) to Luoyang with Emperor Xiaowen, and changed their surname to Yuan in the reform of localization of Emperor Xiaowen. After the split of the Northern Wei Dynasty, the household registration fell to Ruzhou (now Linru County, Henan Province). After the Five Dynasties, he moved from Henan to Pingding Prefecture (now Pingding County, Shanxi Province). His great-great grandfather Yuan Yi was an official of SHEN WOO (Tiger) in Xinzhou during the reign of Huizong Xuanhe in the Northern Song Dynasty (119-1125). Great-grandfather Yuan Chun (Zuo Chunren) was appointed as Yong Lian's ambassador of Xizhou (today's Xi County, Shanxi Province) in the Northern Song Dynasty, and moved from Pingding to Xinzhou, so he became a Xinzhou native. My grandfather Yuan Zishan worked as a teacher in Roufu (near Tuoketuo, Tumd Right Banner, Inner Mongolia) in Wang Zhenglong for two years (1 157). Father Yuan Deming failed in the imperial examination many times, taking teaching rural studies as his career, and entertaining himself with poetry and wine at ordinary times, and writing Dong Yan Ji.
study abroad
On July 8th, the first year of Jin Zhangzong Ming Chang (1 190 August 10), Yuan Haowen was born in a scholar-bureaucrat family in Xinzhou rural area. Since the second and third uncles have no sons, Yuan Haowen has three brothers. He is the third. Rooted in the tradition of China, his uncle Ge Yuan (later Yuan Haowen called him the ruler of Longcheng) regarded him as an adopted son seven months after his birth, and immediately took him to Yexian as the magistrate of a county.
According to records, Yuan Haowen was talented and could write poems at the age of seven, and was known as a "child prodigy". At the age of eleven, Ge Yuan worked in Jizhou. Yuan Haowen was appreciated by Hanlin's bachelor, and he chose to "love beauty and teach as a text". At the age of fourteen, Yuan Haowen learned extensive knowledge of Confucian classics and history from Hao Jinqing, a native of Lingchuan. When Yuan Haowen was seventeen, Ge Yuan was expelled from Lingchuan County, but for the sake of his son's studies, he continued to live in Lingchuan until Yuan Haowen finished his studies at the age of nineteen, and he left Lingchuan with his family.
Frustrated in the examination room
Yuan Haowen began to take the imperial examination at the age of sixteen. Because of the "exemption from provincial examinations" in the first year of Ming Chang in Jin Zhangzong (1 190), I went directly to Bing to take the provincial examination, but I was not on the list. Later, in the eighth year of Taihe (1208) 19 years old, he went to Chang 'an to take the government exam, but this time he failed.
Yuan Haowen returned to his hometown at the age of 21 and studied in Yishan, Dingxiang, dozens of miles away from the ancestral temple, hence the name "Yishan Mountain Man". Two years later, the Mongolian army raided Xiurong, killing more than ten thousand people and his younger brother Yuan. In order to avoid the military disaster, Yuan Haowen moved his family to Fuchang, Henan Province, and then moved to Dengfeng.
In the first year of Shao Weiwang's Chongqing (12 12), Yuan Haowen went to Zhongdu (now Beijing) for the third time and still failed. In the first month of this year, 300,000 troops of the rulers were defeated by Mongolia, and Mongolia approached Zhongdu. The bumpy road, the national crisis and the failure of the exam made him very depressed and worried.
In the second year of Zhenyou (12 14), the Mongols besieged and the nomads retreated. Jin Xuanzong moved to Nanjing in a hurry, and Yuan Haowen went to Bianjing this summer to prepare for the exam to be held in autumn. Although he failed again, he passed the examination in the capital of song dynasty, and was able to make friends with Zhao Bingwen, Yang, Li Yan and other celebrities in the DPRK, and his poetry creation was extremely rich. Among them, JiShan, QinTai in Lu Yuan County, etc. , won the appreciation of Zhao Bingwen, then minister of does, whose titles shook the capital, and he was known as a "gifted scholar in Yuan Dynasty". But soon due to the siege of Mongolian soldiers, Yuan Haowen had to flee from Shanxi to Henan, and gradually settled down in western Henan. In the fifth year (12 17), 28-year-old Yuan Haowen went to Beijing to take the exam again, but he still failed.
A bumpy career
Yuan Haowen, the 32-year-old champion of Xingding for five years (122 1), was falsely named as "party member in Yuanshi County" because of a dispute in the imperial examination class, and angrily refused to be elected. Three years later, 35-year-old Yuan Haowen received a tribute from Zhao Bingwen and others, and won the China Imperial Examination with excellent examination results. Yuan Haowen was officially selected after being awarded the first prize in the macro-character department, and was appointed as the editor of the Institute of National History of Quanguo. He stayed in Bianjing as an official, but his life was quite poor.
In the second year of Jin Aizong (1225), Yuan Haowen, 36, returned to Dengfeng because he was dissatisfied with the life of an honest official. During this period, he wrote an important book "On Du Fu's Poetry", which included Du Fu's life, chronicle and comments on Du Fu's poems since the Tang Dynasty.
In the third year of Zheng Da (1226), Yuan Haowen was appointed as the county magistrate of Zhenping. The following year, the order was changed in neixiang county, Henan. Soon, his mother Zhang died and his eldest son was born. Yuan Haowen asked Ding You to live in Bailuyuan, the hometown of Neixiang, and to be an adjutant at the invitation of Deng. Soon, the Mongols captured Fengxiang, Deng surrendered, and Yuan Haowen took the opportunity to resign from the shogunate.
In the eighth year of Zheng Da (123 1), Yuan Haowen was transferred to Nanyang County, where he made drastic reforms and achieved remarkable results. Therefore, Henan local chronicles said that he "knows Nanyang County and is especially good at governance". "Nanyang County Records" records: "Nanyang County has more than 100,000 soldiers and civilians. (Yuan Haowen) Shuai Fu ordered the town governor, which is very powerful."
The country was killed and imprisoned.
Shortly thereafter, Yuan Haowen went to Beijing to transfer gold, and the Central Committee * * * was appointed as the history of Shangshu Province and moved to Bianjing. Since then, he has been promoted to the general manager of Zuosi and transferred to Zuosi Yuanwailang in Shangshu Province. Hanlin officials know this patent.
In the second year of Tianxing (1233), the Mongolian army surrounded Kaifeng, and Yuan Haowen was in the besieged city. Jin Aizong fled the capital, defeated Weizhou and fled to the German government. When North Korea had no owner, Cui Li led his army to dedicate the city to Mongolia. After Cui Li surrendered to Mongolia, he coerced courtiers to erect a monument to praise him, and Yuan Haowen, Wang Ruoxu and Liu Qi were all forced to take part in the inscription, grinding away the handwriting of Song Huizong's "Ganlu Monument" and carving it into an inscription.
In the second year of Tianxing (1233), in April, Mongolian soldiers invaded Bianjing. Yuan Haowen recommended Wang Ruoxu and other 54 scholars from the Central Plains to Yeluchucai, who was then the secretariat of Mongolia, and asked Yeluchucai to protect his appointment. After Jin's death, Yuan Haowen was captured with a large number of rulers, and was taken to Liaocheng, Shandong Province, where he was held for two years and then lived in Guanshi County. As a prisoner, Yuan Haowen traveled with his family to Liaocheng and other places in Shandong Province, and gradually got in touch with the leaders of the Mongolian Han army such as Yan Yan and Zhao Tianxi. His life gradually improved and his actions became more free.
During this period, he was saddened by the downfall of the State of Jin and the traitors' mistakes in the country, and in order to preserve history with poetry, he tirelessly edited the Collection of Poems of the Late Monarch and Minister of the State of Jin-Zhongzhou Collection. In the name of "Zhongzhou" collection, it implies the deep meaning of remembering the old country and taking gold as orthodoxy.
Achievement poetry
Yuan Haowen is a talented and versatile writer. Regarding all literary forms at that time, he didn't find any evidence or recorded legends, except traditional operas such as Jin, such as poems, words, songs, songs, fu, novels, traditional theories, notes, expressions, sparse, monuments, inscriptions, songs, aspirations, preface, quotations, ode, books and speeches.
The main features of Yuan Haowen's works are true content, sincere feelings and beautiful language. His contemporaries and descendants spoke highly of his poems.
His friend Xu Shilong said: "As a poem, everyone has considerable statutes, and the essence of style is a change. Li and Du, the ancestors of Daguai's landscape poems, have profound statutes and are bold and unconstrained. Literati, such as Korea and Europe, are fair and clear, full of wonders and obscure words; Yuefu is fresh and frustrated, carefree and bright, and the system is the most prepared. It is also possible to change the vulgarity into elegance, so that the predecessors will not pass it on, and Dongpo and Jiaxuan will not smell it. " His other friend Ye Li even praised him as "the back of Li Er (Li Bai and Li Yong)".
Comment on Yuan Haowen's Collection of Yishan, the General Catalogue of Si Ku Quan Shu: "A good questioner is a scholar, and the Jin and Yuan dynasties are as tall as a big piece. The collection of Zhongzhou written by him is intended to preserve history with poetry, but it is not enough. Do it yourself, with profound image and high style. There is no habit of crossing the rivers and lakes in the Southern Song Dynasty, and there is no mistake in Jiangxi's rude deduction. When it comes to ancient prose, the rope is tight, everyone is prepared, and the inscription is particularly powerful. "
Yuan Haowen is also a brilliant literary theorist, including Three Poems, Thirty Poems, Langzhong Paper with Zhang Zhongjie, Collating Li Ze's Postscripts and so on. They have incisively commented on the gains and losses of the ancient poets' poetry school. He also advocated "sincerity" and "emotion" in writing poetry, and put forward many technical principles in writing, such as opposing blunt and obscure allusions and "accumulating strength for a long time" in learning, which are the crystallization of his decades of personal practice and have practical guiding significance.
word
The creation of ci
1 reflects many aspects of social life.
(1) funeral word; (2) writing landscape words; (3) Love words
(4) Others: nostalgia, farewell, poetry about things, hunting, frontier poems.
2. Features: Yuan Haowen takes Su and Xin as models and accepts the strengths of various schools, so he has various styles of graceful and unconstrained.
Poetry theory
The Poetic Theory of Yuan Haowen's Thirty Poems
The main theoretical viewpoints of Yuan Haowen's Thirty Poems are advocating "nature" and "truth" of feelings; Advocating the bold and unconstrained poetic style and advocating the compatibility of verve and style; Advocating that Li and Du are juxtaposed; Advocate the poetic style of multiple inheritance; The pinnacle of Kay Hao Jing's poetic theory. Yuan Haowen's poetic theory also influenced the poetic theory of Yuan Dynasty.
literature
Yuan Haowen's Main Literary Achievements
The main achievements of Yuan Haowen's poems lie in the ideological value of funeral poems and the aesthetic value of landscape poems. Yuan Haowen's mourning poems have two main characteristics. First, they truly reflect the social reality that the Jin Dynasty perished and the people were wiped out by charcoal. His famous Three Poems of Qiyang is one of the representative works. Truth is the greatest feature of Yuan Haowen's mourning poems.
The second is historical reflection. Yuan Haowen's funeral poems contain his historical examination and evaluation of funeral facts, which increases the depth of his thoughts.
Yuan Haowen was the most outstanding poet in the Jin Dynasty, with more than 300 poems, which were the best in the Jin Dynasty in terms of quantity and quality. Yuan Haowen's prose is profound, simple and unique. Yuan Haowen has a note work "Continued Jane Yi Zhi", which is a masterpiece in the notes of the Jin Dynasty.
Historical science
Yuan Haowen witnessed the decline of the Jin Dynasty and the whole process of Mongolia's elimination of gold, and he has been in politics for many years. His strong sense of social responsibility of worrying about the country and the people makes him always pay attention to the fate of Jin State and the protection of historical sites.
On the eve of Jin Ru's downfall, he suggested to politicians to write a history of Jin Dynasty in Jurchen fine print, but failed to do so, so he privately compiled Miscellanies of Renchen. After Jin's death, he was determined to compile a history of Jin with his own strength and paid a heavy price for it, with the patriotic belief that "the national history must die". He refused to be an official in Mongolia to show his believer status and loyalty to the motherland. However, in order to write the history of gold, I had to deal with middle and upper-level officials who went to Mongolia to get their assistance and necessary information. Because of this, many people don't understand him, "vilify him, laugh at her and insult her, insult her children and grandchildren." In order to realize his ambition of compiling the Golden History, Yuan Haowen endured humiliation for more than 20 years until his death. In order to compile the Golden History, he built a "unofficial history Pavilion" in his yard as a place for storing relevant materials and editing. After years of running around, he accumulated a considerable amount of information about the last words of rulers and ministers, which was later called "Records of Words and Actions of Rulers and Ministers in Jin and Yuan Dynasties".
With the aim of "preserving history through poetry", he compiled Zhongzhou Collection. This is a collection of poems in the Jin Dynasty, including not only the poets who died or were not in Mongolia in the 2 1 16 Jin Dynasty, but also the two emperors and ministers in the Jin Dynasty, and even ordinary people in cloth (including 200 1 poems and15 poems).
Wen Zhuan was written on this basis, and the later Quan Jin Shu was also supplemented on this basis. At the same time, The Story of Zhongzhou also provides rich materials for the history of the Jin Dynasty. Unfortunately, just when he confidently said that it only took him three months to consult and copy the relevant contents in the Book of the Golden History, he could start writing the book of the Golden History, but one of his friends got in the way and failed to see the record of the Book of the Golden History in Zhang Rou, a Mongolian household and leader of the Han army, which made him regret it. Although Yuan Haowen failed to realize his wish to compile the Golden History before his death, the materials he collected provided a lot of first-hand materials for compiling the Song, Liao and Jin history of the Yuan Dynasty and even the Yuan history of the Ming Dynasty, especially laid the foundation for compiling the Golden History. Yuan Haowen respected historical facts, was unconventional and straightforward, so later scholars agreed that Jin Shi was closely related to Yuan Haowen, and The General Catalogue of Sikuquanshu was called "many books he wrote". Yuan Haowen's practice of revising the history of national subjugation was also imitated by later generations. For example, Wan Sitong, an old man in the Ming Dynasty, refused the recruitment of the learned macro-ci department of the Qing court and resolutely refused the official title of compiling seven kinds of salaries given by the Qing court. Instead, he participated in the compilation of the Ming history as a "cloth". In the third year of the Republic of China (19 14), the Qing History Museum was established, and many Qing history veterans participated in the compilation of the Qing History Draft to report their old friends.
Introduce Yuan Haowen (1 190— 1257), a native of Yushan, Xiurong, Taiyuan (now Xinzhou, Shanxi). He is a descendant of Tuoba, a Xianbei nationality in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and Yuan Jie, a poet in the Tang Dynasty.
High-impedance Yuan Yi, a military envoy of SHEN WOO during the Xuanhe period in the Northern Song Dynasty, settled in Xiurong.
Yuan Haowen was born in July 1920. He adopted his uncles Ge Yuan Gerenye County and Lingchuan, and Wei died in Longcheng in the second year (12 10). I am curious. I can write poetry at the age of seven, and I have a pair of prodigy eyes. At the age of fourteen, he studied Hao Tianting, and he became a career in six years. After five years in Xingding (122 1), if you don't choose. In the first year of Zheng Da (1224), he was a scholar with a macro character, who was awarded Confucianism, compiled by the national history, and passed the county orders of Zhenping, Nanyang and Neixiang. In the autumn of eight years (123 1), he was called to the capital, and was transferred to the foreign minister except Shangshu Province and Zuosi.
Jin Wu is not an official, he is responsible for writing history; Bringing the last words of the kings and ministers of the Jin and Yuan Dynasties to the line, there are more than one million words, and the Yuan people compiled and edited the "Golden History". It was compiled into ten volumes of Zhongzhou Collection, with Zhongzhou Yuefu attached, and many poems in Jin Dynasty were based on it. In the seventh year, Yuan Xianzong died in Huolu (now Hebei) at the age of 68.
The History of Jin Dynasty (volume 126) is attached to Yuan Deming. Miao Yue said, "Gold is great, prosperity is prosperous, and writing is great. So he finally built a mountain and became a great master. His poems are beautiful, elegant and elegant, and the country is ruined by literature.
Although Renchen Zaben was lost, Yuan people compiled Jin Shi, which has many books, so it is called Yazheng alone. The history of poetry and prose, an excerpt, has nothing to do with it since the early yuan and Ming dynasties, and it will not be counted after the Han dynasty. "
He is the author of 40 volumes of Yi Mountain Anthology, 5 volumes of Yi Mountain Yuefu and 4 volumes of Continued Jane Eyre. Jin Quan Yuan Ci contains more than 380 words, which is the most complete.
Yuan Haowen's poems were very important in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties. His poems are original, clever and not beautiful, forming the Hefen Poetry School. In 2000, he devoted himself to collecting Jin Junchen's last words, most of which were compiled by later generations. He is the author of Du Shi Lun, Dongpo Shi, Jin Ji Shi Hua, Poetry and Self-vigilance, Miscellaneous Publications of People and Officials, Collected Works of Mr. Yishan, Continued Records, and New Yuefu of Mr. Yishan, etc. There are collections of works handed down by Mr. Yishan and Zhongzhou, and there is a reprint of Reading Mountain Residence in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty.
He is the most accomplished writer, historian and literary leader in the late Jin Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty, the main representative of northern literature in the confrontation period between Song and Jin Dynasties, and the bridge between Jin and Yuan Dynasties. He is known as "northern literati" and "a generation of literati". His poems, essays, words and songs are all works. Poetry is the highest achievement, especially "mourning poetry"; His ci is the best in Jin Dynasty, and can be compared with the famous artists in Song Dynasty. Although his Sanqu was not handed down from generation to generation, it had a great influence at that time and had the merits of advocacy.
He is the author of the Complete Works of Mr. Yuan Yishan, and the collection of Ci Poems "Yuefu on a Mountain". There is a Zhongzhou Library, which contains a large number of literary works of the Jin Dynasty. His poems are vigorous and powerful, his prose is profound and clear-cut, but his shortcoming is that he often sticks to the rules. There are 136 1 poems today, which are rich in content. Some poems vividly reflect the social unrest and people's sufferings at that time, such as "Driving to the East in December and then Things" by Qiyang and Renchen, which is gloomy and sad and recalls Lao Du, and can be called a generation of "poetry history". His landscape poems express the beauty of mountains and rivers, with fresh artistic conception and wide popularity. Poetry is diverse in genre, and seven words are its strength.
Yuan Haowen's essays inherited the tradition of everyone in Tang and Song Dynasties. It is fresh and powerful, random in length and well prepared. It is a giant of literary criticism in the Jin Dynasty, imitating Du Fu's Thirty Poems, which has a great influence in the history of literary criticism.
Book house: gold medal writers and book collectors. The word is in it, and the number is Yishan. Taiyuan Xiurong (now Xinxian County, Shanxi Province) was born. Xingsheng Jinshi, official to Shangshu province, left secretary as foreign minister, entered Hanlin to know the patent. Gold will never be an official. Poetry is a generation of literary leaders, who assumed the responsibility of writing in his later years. According to "Mountain Heritage", his family has a lot of books, all of which are old things before the Song and Yuan Dynasties. In the fourth year of Zhen You (12 16), he was saved by collecting books in the wall. There are miscellaneous books and manuscripts such as Spring and Autumn Annals, Three History, Zhuangzi and Selected Works. There are still more than 1000 volumes and hundreds of paintings. The bookstore was built as the "unofficial history Pavilion", where books were collected and written. Then it's sunchon's home. Take the historical records of the Jin Dynasty as an example. In the morning and evening, they were copied and reached more than one million words, but they died in vain. He wrote 1380 poems and more than 380 words in his life. There are 6 Sanqu, more than 250 essays, and 4 volumes of novels continuing Jane Yizhi. He is the author of Poems of Yishan, Yuefu Collection, Continued Records, Miscellanies of People and Ministers, Advocacy and Endorsement of Tang Poetry, etc. Edit with Zhongzhou Collection. In addition, there are many lost articles, such as Golden Rooster, Dongpo Poetry, Du Shi Lun, Poetry and Self-Police, Miscellaneous Compilation of Officials and Officials, Records of Words and Actions in Jin Dynasty, Nanguan Record, Ji Jianfang, Gu and so on. Yuan Hao asked Ugly B poem 18 to try Bingzhou, saying that every goose catcher said, "I got a goose today, and I'm going to kill it." The person who broke the net lamented that he couldn't go, but he jumped underground and died. " Because I bought it, I was buried in the water, and stone is knowledge, so I called it "Qiu Yan". Most of my colleagues are poets, and there are "Qiu Yan Ci". There is no palace affairs in the old works, but it has been changed today. Ask the world, what is love, teaching life and death? Flying in all directions, the old wings have been hot and cold several times. Have fun, leave the bitterness, and there will be more children in school. You should have a sentence: Wan Liyun, Qian Shan Muxue, who are you only looking at? Cross grave road, flute and drum when lonely, smoke is still flat. What's the point of evocation? Shan Gui secretly calls the shots. The sky is also jealous. If you don't believe it, birds and swallows are all loess. For generations, leave it to poets to sing, drink and visit Qiu Yan. -Jin Yuan Haowen's "Fishing Qiu Yan Ci/Maibeitang" Fishing Qiu Yan Ci/Maibeitang
Jin Dynasty: Yuan Haowen
When B Chou was eighteen years old, he went to try Bing Zhou and said to the goose catcher, "I got a goose today, and I'm going to kill it." The man who broke the net lamented that he couldn't go, but he threw himself on the ground and died. "Because I bought it, I was buried in the water, and stone is knowledge, so I called it Qiu Yan. Most of my colleagues are poets, and there are "Qiu Yan Ci". There is no palace affairs in the old works, but it has been changed today.
When B Chou was eighteen years old, he went to try Bing Zhou and said to the goose catcher, "I got a goose today, and I'm going to kill it." The man who broke the net lamented that he couldn't go, but he threw himself on the ground and died. "Because I bought it, I was buried in the water, and stone is knowledge, so I called it Qiu Yan. Most of my colleagues are poets, and there are "Qiu Yan Ci". There is no palace affairs in the old works, but it has been changed today.
Chanting about things, writing about birds and lyrical love are all new green, and Xiao Lei hides a little red. Be sure to cherish your heart, don't bloom easily, let the peach blossom fan bloom in the spring of spring breeze! -Yuan Haowen of the Jin Dynasty asked "The same generation did not open Haitang" and the same generation did not open Haitang.
Layers of leaves grow between the new branches of begonia, and the little buds hidden in them glow a little red.
Be sure to cherish your heart, don't bloom easily, let the peach blossom fan bloom in the spring of spring breeze! There are 300 ancient poems, chanting things, writing flowers, making people wear Hanfu makeup, and the lights in six streets make children angry. I am just a gown, and I am also in the laughter of tourists. -Jin Yuan Haowen "Kyoto Yuanxi" Kyoto Yuanxi
Tourists wearing beautiful clothes have entertainment activities everywhere. In the streets and alleys, children's laughter and jokes are very obvious.
I am just a gown, and I am also in the laughter of tourists. Visit the Lantern Festival and read more poems of Yuan Haowen >>