Xuancheng to Beijing
Author: Tang Dumu
Free and unfettered spring and autumn, not a day goes by without lingering in front of the glass. ①
Xie Gongcheng was awakened by the sound of the stream, and the willow branches in front of Su Chang brushed my head. ②
The scenery in the world is the best in the world. How many people embrace this feeling for the rest of their lives? ③
The dust crown hangs and knows what it is, and finally visits the old tour. ④
Notes on From Xuancheng to Beijing
1 chic: informal and unrestrained; Not artificial. Gao Panlong and Hirako's Book of Harmony in the Ming Dynasty: "Although I have nothing to do at home and have a shrewd heart, it is difficult for the people to be surprised, so it is not easy to gather eyebrows."
② Xie Gong: Xie Tiao (464-499), whose name is Xuan Hui. Chen Jun is from Taikang County, Yang Xia. A famous poet in the Southern Dynasties, he served as the magistrate of Xuancheng in 495 (the second year of Jianwu), so he was called "Xie Xuancheng" and later called Xie Gong.
Xiao Su: Su Xiaoxiao, a famous singer in Qiantang area in Southern Qi Dynasty, has unique talent and beautiful appearance. Many willows are planted in front of her house. Those spring willows have been fluttering in the vast space and time for more than 300 years.
Jin Yun: Yun Zhi.
Hugh: It means auspicious, beautiful and blessed. The Book of Songs, Shangsong Long Hair: "When is the rest day?" Zheng Xuan wrote: "Rest is beautiful."
4 dust crown: dust, six dust, the so-called color, sound, fragrance, taste, touch and law in Buddhism. Spread all over the world. Crown, hat. Dust crown, the official hat when the world is an official.
⑤ Hang up: Hang up, hang up: Hang up, retreat. Hanging up means leaving, which means resigning.
⑥ Wasted time: refers to wasted time; Idle time "Biography of the Book of Jin Zhou Chu": "If you want to study by yourself, you will waste time." Ruan Wei's poem "Huaihuai" in the Three Kingdoms: "Waste the day to drive the groom back."
Appreciation of From Xuancheng to Beijing
In 830 (four years of Tang Dahe), Du Mu worked as Shen Chuanshi's aide in Xuancheng. In 839 (four years of Tang Kaicheng), Du Mu was transferred to Zuo Buque and stayed in Xuancheng for ten years. In the spring of this year, Du Mu bid farewell to Xuancheng and embarked on the road to Beijing, where he happened to meet his good friend Pei Tan who returned to Xuancheng from Zhou Shu. Du Mu is a person who attaches great importance to friendship. When he saw his old friend again, he had to leave in a hurry. Looking back on his twice-in-ten-year career as a shogunate in Xuancheng, the poet was deeply moved and wrote this song "From Xuanzhou to Beijing" as a gift to his good friend Pei Tan.
This is a seven-meter poem, which is divided into three levels.
On the first floor, the first two sentences, the author wrote a summary of Xuancheng's ten years of good life. In 828 (the second year of Tang Wenzong Daiwa), he was buried at the age of 26. In the same year, he was admitted to the founder of Xiande. Cao and Zuo Wuweibing, principals of Ting Primary School, joined the army. In winter, he went to Jiangxi to observe the curtain of special envoy Shen Chuanshi, and then went to Yun Xuan as his staff to observe the special envoy. In 833 (the seventh year of Tang Dahe), Niu Senru changed his post in Huainan, became a secretary, and lived in Yangzhou, where he had a good banquet. In 835 (Daiwa 9), in order to supervise the empire, the East Capital was set up separately. In 837 (the second year of Tang Kaicheng), he entered the Observatory of Xuanhui and made Cui Dan the judge. Xuanguanzuo fills the vacancy, the history museum is repaired, and the food department is better than Yuanwailang. In 839 (the fourth year of Tang Kaicheng), Du Mu was transferred to Zuobu, and bid farewell to Xuancheng in the spring of ten years. During these ten years, Du Mu spent his spare time in official business, calling friends, drinking, traveling, enjoying music and listening to songs every day. "Wine glasses stay late every day" means that the author drinks and writes poems every day, "staying late", that is, "not staying". Ten years of good life is worth remembering. The word "little scatter" in the poem plays a leading role in the whole poem, and also sets a free tone for the whole poem.
The second layer, the middle four sentences, the concrete memories of Xuancheng's ten years of beautiful life, express the feelings of leaving Xuancheng. Zhuan Xu's Xie Gong turned a stream into a dream, and Liu Chuitou in front of Su Xiaomen described the poet's happy life in Xuancheng. Since the Tang Dynasty, other buildings in Xuanzhou City have been named in memory of Xie Shu: Diaofeng, Qingshu, Yingchun, Guanfeng, Shuangxi, Huaixie, Yun Qi (named after Xie Shu's poem "You Jing Ting Shan"), Qixia (named after the poem "Yu Xia scattered into Qi") and Chengjiang (. Su Xiaoxiao, a famous singer in Qiantang area during the Southern Qi Dynasty, had a unique talent and beautiful appearance. Many willows were planted in front of his house. Those spring willows have been fluttering in the vast space and time for more than 300 years. The author had a great time in Xiegong City, traveling in Wanxi and Juxi, getting drunk by the stream, swimming in dreams, and going in and out of the Song Building to ask for songs. Sometimes, there is the longest weeping willow in western Anhui, although it is blown by the spring breeze all day. It is unbearable to climb, and strangers are never late "("Liu Liu Feelings "). Necklace "Where is the Thousand Li Yunshan? How many people will have a rest? "It tells the author's infinite nostalgia for this free life." Where is the Thousand Miles Mountain? "It's a problem.' Yunshan travels a thousand miles' is not good. It is a "problem". In fact, the poet already has an answer in his heart. " A few people have a rest time for life. "This is an exclamation, an answer to the last question, saying that not many people are as open and beautiful as mountains and rivers. And I, in Xuancheng for ten years, can be counted. The author uses negation to affirm here.
On the third floor, there are two sentences at the end, which say that if you are not satisfied with what you have done before, you still have to come back and revisit your hometown, further expressing your yearning for Xuancheng. "The dust crown hangs and knows what it is, and finally visits the old tour." "Hanging the dust crown" means resigning. The author said that if one day in the future, officials do not do well, resign from their official positions and leave government affairs behind, but also come to confide in others, and their parents are short. At that time, I will come back again, I will come to see you again and revisit my old place.
From beginning to end, this poem expresses the poet's nostalgia for Xuancheng. In writing, the poet first summarizes the forms and vivid images of many things in real life, expresses subjective emotional waves, and condenses them. In the middle, I use things to express my feelings, express many good memories of Xuancheng, and further express my nostalgia for Xuancheng. Finally, the author is open-minded, sees through Wan Li, thinks about the Millennium, has rich imagination, is free and easy, and does not deviate from the theme, and once again expresses his disappointment with Xuancheng.
A Brief Introduction to the Author of From Xuancheng to Beijing
Du Mu (AD 803-852), born in Fanchuan, Mu Zhi, Han nationality, Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi, Shaanxi), was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. Du Mu is called "Xiao Du" to distinguish him from Du Fu. Also known as "Little Du Li" with Li Shangyin. Because he lived in South Fan Chuan Villa in Chang 'an in his later years, he was later called "Du Fanchuan" and wrote "Collected Works of Fan Chuan".
Du Mu's representative works include Jiangnan Chun, Bo Qinhuai and Guo Huaqing Palace. Du Mu is good at prose, and his "Epanggong Fu" is read by later generations. He wrote a lot of military papers, and also annotated Grandson. The Collected Works of Fan Chuan handed down from ancient times has twenty volumes, including four volumes of poetry, edited by his nephew Pei. There is also a volume of "Fan Chuan Waiji" and "Fan Chuan Bieji" supplemented by Song people. The Complete Tang Poetry contains eight volumes of Du Mu's poems. Poetry in the late Tang Dynasty was so soft that Mu Zhi corrected it with steepness. Its seven unique skills are far-reaching, and the factions in the late Tang Dynasty were independent. Mu Zhi is ambitious and eloquent, boasting about his ability to help the world. Icbc, cursive script. "Xuan He Shu Pu" says: "Grass and animal husbandry are vigorous and powerful, which set each other off with their articles." Dong Qichang's "Rong Tai Collection" says: "If I hear that Fei Qing and Du Fu are also famous after what I have seen", it says that their books are "rich in the charm of the Six Dynasties". The ink handed down from ancient times has Zhang Shihua. His works are very rich, mainly including Collected Works of Fan Chuan, Old Tang Book (147) and New Tang Book (166). Zhang Shi, cursive ink, was written at the age of 32 in the eighth year of Taihe (834). The post is a piece of hemp paper, 28.2 cm long and 162 cm wide, with 46 lines and 322 words in total. As can be seen from the whole poem volume, his calligraphy won the charm of the Six Dynasties. The original is now in the Palace Museum. This calligraphy work is magnificent and smooth. Because it is a manuscript of poetry, it is even more unpretentious. There are inscriptions, inscriptions and seals of Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties at the beginning and end of the volume. He has been awarded by Song Dynasty, Jia Sidao, Ming Xiangzi, Xiao Si, Qing Biao, Qianlong, Jiaqing, Neifu and Collection. There are records in Xuanhe Pu Shu, Rong Tai Collection, Splendid Life and Grand View Record. Du Mu is famous for his poems, so his title is covered by the title of his poems. This book was carved in Fa Tie, a monk. Photocopying can be done in Yan Guang Room and Showa Fa Tie Series.
Comparison of simplicity and complexity from Xuancheng to Beijing
Volume 522_ 1 1 Xuancheng to Guanshang Jingdumu
It's been ten years since the rivers and lakes were chic, and the wine glasses stay for a long time every day.
Xie Gongcheng was awakened by the sound of the stream, and the willow branches in front of Su Chang brushed my head.
Thousands of miles of Yunshan is not good, and several people are born.
It is common for the world to hang a crown, and time will eventually come to visit old people.