< < Dream of Red Mansions > > Who is the author?

At the beginning of the 2th century, the question "Who is the author of a Dream of Red Mansions" once caused a debate in China academic circles, which still exists today. Generally speaking, it can be divided into two parts: 1. A Dream of Red Mansions was written by Cao Xueqin, a novelist of Qing Dynasty in China, whose name was Meng Ruan, whose name was Xue Qin, and whose ancestral home was Liaoyang, who was born in 1715 and died in 1763. Its predecessor was the Han nationality, and later it was Manchu Zhengcao Xueqin's white flag coating (domestic slave). Cao Xueqin's great-grandfather Cao Xi, his grandfather Cao Yin, and his parents' Cao Qing and Cao Fu successively served as Jiangning weavers for more than 6 years, which was highly prized by Emperor Kangxi. Cao Xueqin grew up in splendor. In the early years of Yongzheng, because of the internal struggle of the feudal ruling class, the Cao family suffered many blows, Cao Fu was dismissed and imprisoned, his family property was confiscated, and his family moved back to Beijing. Since then, his family has been declining. This turning point made Cao Xueqin deeply feel the coldness of the world and more clearly understood the essence of the feudal social system. From then on, he lived in poverty. He was good at poetry and painting, and was good at writing. He devoted himself to writing and revising the novel A Dream of Red Mansions with perseverance. He read it for 1 years, added and deleted it five times, and wrote this literary masterpiece that pushed China's classical novel creation to the peak. A Dream of Red Mansions has become a great realistic work in China's classical novels with its rich content, tortuous plot, profound ideological understanding and exquisite artistic techniques. In the 27th year of Qianlong (1762), the youngest son died prematurely, and Cao Xueqin fell into excessive sadness and grief. On New Year's Eve of this year (February 1, 1764), he died of poverty and illness (there are two versions about the year of Cao Xueqin's death: 28th and 29th years of Qianlong), and the burial expenses were funded by friends.

second, the author of a dream of red mansions is someone else.

In the first text of A Dream of Red Mansions, the author is classified as a "stone", which is naturally a novelist's statement. Then it was mentioned that "Cao Xueqin spent ten years in mourning for the Hongxuan, added and deleted it five times, compiled it into a catalogue and divided it into chapters". However, a lot of fat criticism in the early manuscripts pointed out that Cao Xueqin was the author. For example, there was a comment on the first time in Jiaxu's edition: "If Yun Xueqin read and added or deleted, who wrote this wedge after opening the book?" It shows that the author's pen is very sly. " Zhi Pi also said many times that many stories in A Dream of Red Mansions are based on the historical facts of Cao family and can also be used as circumstantial evidence. Because it is revealed in the fat criticism that the author is closely related to Cao Xueqin and his family, and is familiar with and even partially involved in the creation of A Dream of Red Mansions, the fat criticism can be said to be the most direct evidence of Cao Xueqin as the author of A Dream of Red Mansions.

Ming Yi, a poet in the Qing Dynasty, said in his preface to tihongloumeng: "A Dream of Red Mansions, written by Cao Zi Xueqin, was written to remember the prosperity of romantic life, and its ancestor was Jiangning Zhifu. Its so-called grand view garden is the old address of the garden today. I regret that his book has not been passed on, and those who are little known in the world will see his banknotes. " Yong Zhong, another Qing Dynasty imperial poet, wrote a poem titled "Dream of Red Mansions" in the thirty-third year of Emperor Qianlong's reign, saying, "I can see the three quatrains of Xue Qin (surnamed Cao) in the novel" Dream of Red Mansions "because of its ink fragrance. This is probably the earliest record that Cao Xueqin is the author of A Dream of Red Mansions, except the Dream of Red Mansions itself and the fat criticism. Ming Yi and Yong Zhong are both Cao Xueqin's contemporaries. Although there is no evidence that they know Cao Xueqin, they have close contacts with Cao Xueqin's friends Duncheng and Dunmin, so their statements are considered to be highly reliable. But so far, there is no record that Cao Xueqin is the author of A Dream of Red Mansions in the writings of Duncheng and Dunmin brothers.

In addition, in the notes of Yuan Mei, Yurui and others who were contemporary with Cao Xueqin or later, and others who were later, Cao Xueqin was also recorded as the author of A Dream of Red Mansions. In 1921, Hu Shi published Textual Research on A Dream of Red Mansions, and on the basis of textual research on the notes of the Qing Dynasty and Cao Xueqin's family, Cao Xueqin was identified as the author of A Dream of Red Mansions, which became the definitive theory from then on. Later, the discovery of fat-based fat batches more strongly supported this conclusion. In recent years, although it has been suggested that the author of A Dream of Red Mansions is another person, there is insufficient evidence.

■ About the last 4 chapters

In the 12 chapters of A Dream of Red Mansions, Cheng Weiyuan said that he found more than 2 chapters in the last 4 chapters from "book collectors and even old paper piles", and the remaining 1 chapters were attributed to "drum burden", and he and Gao E just "carefully picked and picked, and made up for each other's shortcomings". However, most people believe that the last 4 chapters were actually written by Cheng Gao. In recent years, it has also been suggested that there was someone else who renewed the book in the last 4 chapters, and Cheng Gao did just edit it. Others believe that there are some old manuscripts of Cao Xueqin in the last 4 chapters.

In p>1981, Chen Bingzao came to the conclusion that all 12 poems were Cao Xueqin's original works through mathematical statistics of A Dream of Red Mansions. Academic circles still have not reached a general understanding of this.