[Keywords] mental health education; school-based; special; brand; three-dimensional mental education. The rapid popularization and promotion of mental health education in primary and secondary schools in my country began in the mid-1990s. After more than ten years of exploration, It has gone through a period of development from "psychotherapy" to "psychological counseling" and then to "psychoeducation". At present, mental health education in primary and secondary schools across the country is booming. Many schools regard mental health education as a school feature, work hard in developmental mental health education, and have achieved fruitful results.
Looking at the mental health education in schools across the country and even the world, our feeling is: mental health education cannot copy other people’s experiences, nor can it dream up big and empty plans out of thin air, nor can it be greedy for more and seek for perfection. You can do everything, but you can't do everything well. Instead, you must make practical plans based on the actual situation of the school, highlight your own characteristics, and build your own brand.
1. Research and practice of three-dimensional mental education
Based on the above considerations, in order to highlight our school-based characteristics, first of all Study the actual situation of the school. Guangdong Experimental Middle School is a provincial key middle school directly under the leadership of the Guangdong Provincial Department of Education. It is one of the first batch of national-level demonstration ordinary high schools in Guangdong Province and the first batch of Guangdong Province ordinary high schools with excellent teaching standards. Students generally have excellent academic performance, good conduct, and high overall quality. The educational goal of the school is to train students to become "four excellent" talents with excellent moral character, academic excellence, elegant behavior and good habits.
This means that, as the only full-time psychology teacher in the high school campus, my job cannot only serve a few students with psychological confusion, but should also use the principles and methods of psychology to cultivate better students for the school. Excellent talent service. This concept is also fully consistent with the principles of integrity and development proposed by the Provincial Mental Health Education Guidance Center. So I put forward the psychological education concept of "taking the development of all students as the basis" and advocated a positive mentality of "healthy psychology, positive behavior, and happy life".
Based on the actual situation of our school, in order to achieve the above psychological education goals, we must not only do a good job in regular psychological classes, lectures, individual counseling, etc. in mental health education. More importantly, we must mobilize the power of all teachers to infiltrate the concepts, techniques and methods of mental education into every corner of the campus. Only then can we achieve our mental education goals.
1. Practical exploration for all
I regard all students as the main body of mental health education, and advocate that mental health education should be mainly developmental, supplemented by counseling, consultation and correction. . I pay special attention to publicizing mental health knowledge to all students and emphasize the comprehensive radiation of mental health knowledge. Calculated based on class hours, group lectures and the number of people receiving consultations, the average number of classes per week reaches 12.
I offer a psychology course in the first grade of high school. The content of the class is integrated by the psychology teacher based on the survey results and the knowledge that students need most in recent years. The form is mainly activity classes. In other grades, classes are held by appointment, at least once per class per semester. The content includes learning methods, interpersonal communication, emotion management, test anxiety counseling, etc. In addition, for individual classes with sudden emotional problems or typical emotional problems, a mechanism is implemented to make appointments for psychological lectures in the class. At the same time, there is a group psychology lecture for each of the three grades every semester, an open mental health education class every school year, a lecture for parents every school year, and a large-scale outdoor publicity activity every school year. In addition, every year, we use the school-wide activity time of the school Science and Technology Festival to carry out activities such as mental health photo exhibitions, on-site psychological consultation, and psychological film appreciation on campus.
2. Practical exploration with full participation
First of all, be good at discovering colleagues who love psychology. Several colleagues like to delve into psychology-related knowledge in their spare time and have also participated in some psychological training. After obtaining the support of the leaders, I invited them to participate in individual consultation work in the consulting room, and regularly studied relevant knowledge with them and received training together. Because they learned and gained, they happily agreed, so I have A small mental education team.
Secondly, use various opportunities to let colleagues understand that psychological knowledge is really useful for education and teaching.
One year just after the National Day, a high school girl with excellent academic performance went to the principal and said that she wanted to apply to drop out of school. Neither the head teacher nor the principal could persuade her. In desperation, the principal asked me to talk to her. I analyzed it with her, let her understand her confusion, and even imagined the specific details of dropping out of school with her. Finally, I let her choose where to go. Early the next morning, she took the initiative to tell the principal that she had figured it out and would not drop out. In the next three years, her mood did not relapse, and her grades were always at the top of her grade. There are many successful cases like this, which help colleagues understand that psychology is beneficial to their work without any harm.
3. Practical exploration throughout the entire process
While facing everyone, achieve the goal of the entire process. My psychology class has designed different themes according to different grades and different time periods. For example, the first grade of high school focuses on adaptive education and interpersonal communication education, and the second grade of high school focuses on team building, study method guidance, and goals and beliefs education. , the third grade of high school focuses on ideals and future education, test-taking skills, life planning, and emotional management. We have developed high-quality psychological courses such as "Adapting to the New Environment", "Our Team Has Strength", "Faith, the Power You Don't Know", and "On the Road" to provide students with mental health education throughout the process.
4. Practical exploration of comprehensive penetration
The classroom where students study has naturally become the main battlefield of psychological education. At the same time, our school has always been characterized by cultivating students' comprehensive quality. There are many school clubs and students The activities are also very rich, so we rely on more than 40 clubs to cultivate students' psychological quality; as a key high school, the admission rate must also be considered. The annual college entrance examination preparation is also an opportunity for mental education that I must not let go. From this, our school’s mental health education work has “four supports”: relying on every faculty member, relying on every class, relying on every club, and relying on every round of exam preparation. In practice, we operate like this: Cultivate a group of famous mental education teachers with expertise in a certain area among the teaching staff. In terms of community construction, each community is required to have specific educational functions. For example, sports clubs focus on exercising willpower, and volunteer associations focus on cultivating a sense of responsibility and love. In this way, we can give full play to the educational function of the clubs that are active in every corner of the school.
2. Characteristics of mental education
Our school’s mental health education work presents a “four-dimensional” model, with specific manifestations It has the following four characteristics.
1. Teachers actively participate, and the efficiency of education and teaching is improved
The change in consciousness has brought about a change in attitude. All faculty and staff in the school know how to use psychological methods and methods in education and teaching work. Skill. In this way, the methods are correct, communication is smooth, understanding is deepened, and education and teaching become more efficient.
2. Students are willing to accept and develop and prevent functions
Since I focus on developmental education, I use the principles of positive psychology to promote talent training plans and learning In the potential development program, students feel that mental health education is not as scary as imagined, and it is not knowledge that should be exposed only when someone is sick. Once the students accepted it, the effect of psychological education became more significant. Courses such as teamwork training camp, interpersonal communication training camp, and pre-examination gas station training camp were very popular. At the same time, students who are temporarily confused will calmly walk into the psychological counseling room to seek help from teachers. They regard seeking counseling as a normal thing like taking medicine for a cold. With this concept, the development and prevention functions of school psychological education can be fully exerted.
3. Team building penetrates and grows rapidly to achieve a win-win situation
Our school’s psychological education is not limited to the classroom, but permeates into team activities all the time. Students are in the classroom, Club activities cultivate the spirit of teamwork and learn healthy competition, which not only quickly promotes personal growth, but also achieves the development of the team. There are many clubs in our school, among which the art club and the science and technology club often participate in large-scale competitions at the national and even international levels. The students' professional qualities coupled with excellent psychological qualities such as strong sense of teamwork, self-confidence, calmness, and composure have won them many awards. Competition medals.
4. Explore the development of academic abilities and achieve excellent results in entrance exams
Due to the emphasis on comprehensive improvement training of students’ intelligence and non-intellectual factors, our school’s focus rate, number of high scores, and The average score in each subject ranks among the top in Guangdong Province and Guangzhou City. The high-quality talents cultivated by the school have been widely recognized by society.
3. The effectiveness of psychological education
1. The three-dimensional psychological education model has begun to take shape
School Everyone participates in mental education, and famous mental education teachers emerge. For example, Teacher Luo Yi’s calligraphy education incorporates aesthetics and willpower education, Teacher Zeng’s adolescence education, Teacher Huang Dongling’s “life-based education”, and Teacher Cheng Jun’s chemistry class “dynamic generation” education, etc.
2. From students’ enrollment to graduation, mental education is always infiltrated
The military training at the beginning of the school year has honed the students’ will and made them realize the importance of discipline; a series of Etiquette education, gratitude education, traditional Chinese virtue education, etc., improve emotional intelligence; high school examination education and ideal education stimulate students' potential and expand the width and breadth of their lives.
3. The school has a strong educational atmosphere, which is reflected everywhere
From Lexue Building in the first grade of high school to Hengxue Building in the second grade of high school, from Boxue Building and Qinzheng Building in the third grade of high school. , Wanyou Building to the name of the Academician Square, to every famous saying, every slogan on the school road, every detail in the classrooms and dormitories, all reflect the excellent school spirit of being diligent, enterprising, and courageous to fight.
4. Scientific research leadership promotes the effectiveness of mental education
The National Education Science “Tenth Five-Year Plan” Ministry of Education planning project of which I serve as the main researcher is “General High School Elective Courses II Curriculum Development and The first-level sub-topic of "Experimental Research" "School-based Curriculum Development and Experimental Research in Guangdong Experimental Middle School" was successfully concluded in October 2007. In April 2008, the topic "Construction of Three-dimensional Mental Health Education Model in Schools under the New Curriculum Background" that I and the school's mental education team collectively applied for also successfully passed the project review of the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" planning topic group for mental health education in primary and secondary schools in Guangdong Province. .
5. The training of outstanding talents has shown results
Using the principles and methods of positive psychology, I developed a series of group coaching training camp courses called "Leadership Style", which effectively improved students' "Emotional intelligence" in interpersonal communication, emotional management, judgment, leadership, etc. Facts have proved that most students not only demonstrate the characteristics of responsibility, organizational skills and leadership skills in school, but can also become core figures or leaders in a certain field after entering school.
6. Omitted)
Editor/Yu Hong Final School/He Yan