Author: Wang Zhihuan
The Yellow River is getting farther and farther away, because it flows in the middle of the Yellow River, and Yumenguan is located on a lonely mountain.
Why should a strong brother complain about willow? Spring is not enough.
Khan looked at the clouds in the north and killed the altar of Madden several times.
The son of the Han family is now in SHEN WOO, and he refuses to go home with his relatives.
Wang Zhihuan
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Wang Zhihuan (688-742) was a famous poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. His name is Ji Ling, Han nationality, from Jiangzhou (now Xinjiang County, Shanxi Province). Bold and uninhibited, he often mourned swordsmanship, and his poems were sung by musicians at that time. At that time, he often sang with Gao Shi and Wang Changling, and was famous for describing the frontier fortress scenery. Representative works include Heron Pavilion and Liangzhou Ci.
In his early years, Wang Zhihuan moved from Bingzhou (Taiyuan, Shanxi) to Jiangzhou (now Xinjiang County, Shanxi) and served as the main book of Hengshui in Jizhou. Li Di, the magistrate of Hengshui County, betrothed his three daughters to him. He was dismissed for being slandered. After [1], he returned to serve as Taiwei of Wen 'an County and died during his service.
Wang Zhihuan is "generous, charming and talented". He was good at writing articles and poems in his early years and was often quoted as lyrics. Especially good at five-character poems, to describe the frontier scenery to win. He is a romantic poet. Jin Neng's "Epitaph of Wang Zhihuan" said that his poem "Taste or chant to join the army, chant out of the cottage, worry about the mountains and the bright moon, so small that the cold wind sounds, spread to the movement, spread to the population." But his works have only six quatrains, including three frontier poems. His poems are represented by Lusu and Liangzhou Ci. Zhang Taiyan called Liangzhou Ci "the most quatrains".
Chinese name
Wang Zhihuan
Another name
king
nation
the Tang Dynasty
nation
Han/Han/Chinese/human
birthplace
Jiangzhou (now Shanxi Xinjiang)
date of birth
In 688
date of death
In 742,
Xinyang
Confucianists
representative works
Heron lodge and Liangzhou ci
catalogue
1 character lifetime
Being an official is not smooth.
Family singing
die of illness
2 literary achievements
Summary of achievements
Masterpiece analysis
3 personality evaluation
4 anecdotes and allusions
A loving couple
Qi Hua Ting pen
Resign in anger
Cixi jiashang
Shenzhihuanggou
5 relatives and members
Six personal works
7 historical records
Commemoration of future generations
epitaph
Stork building
The life of the character
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Being an official is not smooth.
Wang Zhihuan was born in Taiyuan royal family, a famous family at that time. His v.
Wang Zhihuan (3)
Zu was the secretariat of Jiangzhou after Wei Dynasty, so he may have moved to Jiangzhou. Great-great-grandfather Wang xin, a doctor and writer in the Sui Dynasty, became an Anyi county magistrate in the Tang Dynasty.
In the 14th year of Xuanzong Kaiyuan (726), Wang Zhihuan was appointed as the main book of Hengshui, Jizhou, and gave a banquet and a farewell speech.
In the 10th year of Kaiyuan (722), Wang Zhihuan married Li Bohai, the third daughter of Li Di, the magistrate of Hengshan County, Jizhou.
In the 14th year of Kaiyuan (726), Wang Zhihuan resigned because of being framed and slandered. [2]
Family singing
From the 15th year of Kaiyuan (727) to the 29th year of Kaiyuan (74 1), Wang Zhihuan lived in his house for fifteen years. There are two poems, Nine Days Farewell, Queque Building and Liangzhou Ci.
In the 20th year of Kaiyuan (732), Wang Zhihuan lived in Jiyumen, but Gao Shi didn't come to visit, so he left a poem as a gift. [2]
die of illness
In the first year of Tianbao (742), it was Wen 'an County Decree, Buwen 'an County, Wang Zhihuan. He died on February 24th of the same year and finally went to the official residence at the age of 55.
In the second year of Tianbao (743), Wang Zhihuan was buried in Beiyuan, Luoyang, and Yongning County was able to write an epitaph in Wei and Jin Dynasties. [3]
Literary achievements
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Summary of achievements
Wang Zhihuan was a famous poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. His northwest scenery poems are quite distinctive, magnificent, open-minded, passionate, catchy and widely praised. The words in his poems are simple, but his creation is far-reaching, which makes people wrapped in poems and memorable. He was one of the frontier poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. "The Yellow River is far above the white clouds" is only seven words, and the magnificent scenery of the motherland is vividly on the paper. Unfortunately, his poems have been seriously lost, and only six poems have been handed down from generation to generation, which are included in the whole Tang poetry.
Although there are only six poems left in Wang Zhihuan, two of his poems are very famous. One is in the Heron Hostel: the mountains cover the white sun, and the ocean drains the golden river. Further, this poem is magnificent and magnificent. It says, "But you can broaden your view of 300 miles by just going up a flight of stairs." It is also a well-known aphorism for thousands of years. In China, even a three-year-old child can recite this song "Dengque Building". There are four lines and twenty crosses in the whole poem, none of which is uncommon or difficult to understand, but it shows readers a magnificent picture, which cannot be said to be the work of a talented person. Wang Zhihuan's In the Lodge of Herons also makes the stork a historical building. Another of his poems "Liangzhou Ci": The Yellow River is far above the white clouds, and there is an isolated city-Wan Ren. Why use the elegy of willow to complain about the delay of spring, old Yumenguan, a spring breeze is not blowing! This poem is just 28 words long, with a magnificent landscape, a magnificent desolate style and an impassioned and vigorous style. This poem was sung by music at that time and widely circulated. [4]
Masterpiece analysis
As there are only six poems written by Wang Zhihuan, the rest are dead. Therefore, it is impossible to make a comprehensive analysis of his literary achievements. Here, taking "Heron House" and "Liangzhou Ci" as representatives, the style of their works is briefly analyzed.
Appreciation of Heron Hostel
Wang Zhihuan's "In the Lodge of the Heron" is a poem with coherent momentum, vigorous power, virtual reality and rich artistic conception. It is an immortal work in Tang poetry to write the magnificent scenery of nature with a summary pen, express a profound understanding of life and express a positive feeling for the prosperous Tang Dynasty. This poem seems to describe the process of climbing stairs straightforwardly, but its significance is far-reaching and people can explore it. "A thousand miles" and "the first floor" are imaginary numbers, which are both vertical and horizontal spaces in the poet's imagination. The words "to be poor" and "to be better" contain many hopes and longings. These two poems are not only novel and unexpected, but also very natural and close to the first two poems, thus pushing this poem to a higher level and showing readers a broader vision. It is precisely because of this that these two sentences with simple philosophy have become famous sentences that have been passed down through the ages, and this poem has also become a swan song.
This poem was published by Zhonghua Book Company in September 20 1 1, based on the research on the influence of Wang Zhaopeng, a professor at Wuhan University, on Tang poetry. Among them, it ranks fourth in Heron Hostel. [5]
Appreciation of Liangzhou Ci
This poem by Wang Zhihuan is said to be a masterpiece of the Seven Wonders. Poetry begins with a description of the vastness and desolation of mountains and rivers, and bears the loneliness and danger of the defenders. The third sentence suddenly turns, introducing the sound of Qiang flute. The tune played by Qiangdi is "Folding Willow", which can't help but arouse people's sadness. This sentence is translated into Yuefu's "Cross Blowing Songs and Folding Willow Songs", "If you don't catch the whip when you get on the horse, you will fold Yang Liuzhi. Playing the flute on the bench and worrying about killing travelers is very poetic. The custom of "breaking willows to bid farewell" was the most popular in the Tang Dynasty. "Willow" has a more direct relationship with parting. Therefore, people will feel sad not only when they see willow trees, but also when they hear the flute sound of "breaking willow trees". The sentence "strong enemy" is not about "smelling willow", but about "resenting willow", which is particularly wonderful. This avoids directly using the title of the song, and turns the board into life, which can trigger more associations and deepen poetry. Outside Yumenguan, the spring breeze is not strong, the willow is not green, and people can't leave a willow to send their feelings, which is more embarrassing than breaking the willow to bid farewell. When people listen to songs in this mood, it seems that the flute is also complaining about the willow. The resentment revealed is strong, but it is euphemistically expressed in the broad explanation of "why complain", which is deep, implicit and intriguing. This third sentence conveys such rich poetry in the question, and the last sentence "Spring breeze is not enough to pass Yumenguan" is logical. Entering the poem with the word' Yumenguan' is also related to making people think. "The Biography of Ban Chao in the Later Han Dynasty says:" I dare not look at Jiuquan County, but hope that Yumenguan will be born. " Therefore, the last sentence was written in the biting cold, implying infinite homesickness. If we compare this poem "Liangzhou Ci" with some frontier poems after the middle Tang Dynasty (such as Zhang Qiao's "Old Soldiers of Hehuang"), we will find that although this poem is extremely about the resentment of those who are imprisoned in the frontier fortress and are not allowed to go home, it is tragic and desolate, and there is no melancholy mood, which shows the broad-minded mind of the poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Even if you write sad grievances, you are strong in sadness and generous in sadness. The word "Why complain" not only shows the euphemism and implication of its artistic technique, but also shows that the frontier guards at that time realized the great responsibility of defending the country and defending the border when they were homesick, so that they could forgive themselves. Perhaps it is because of the sadness of Liangzhou Ci that it can become a typical representative of "Tang Yin". [6]
Personality assessment
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Shen Kuo: The mirage in the middle of the river has two floors, so you can look forward to the middle area and have a bird's eye view of the river. There are many poets in the Tang Dynasty, but only Li Yi, Wang Zhihuan and Chang Dang can describe the scenery.
Zheng Jing: You Shan's five-character poem, together with Wang Changling, Wang Zhihuan, Cui and others, was famous for a while. [7]
Jin Neng: You are a friend of Wen Zi's family and also a friend of Wenyizi. You are generous and talented.
Jin Neng: Taste or sing to join the army, sing jam, and think of mountains and rivers and bright moons in my spare time. The sound of the cold wind that brought Yi Xi spread music and spread among people. "
Now, together with Cen Can, Gao Shi and Wang Changling, they are called "the four frontier poets" in the Tang Dynasty. [2]
Anecdotal allusions
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A loving couple
The marriage between Wang Zhihuan and Li may have a romantic history. When they got married in the 10th year of Kaiyuan (AD 722), Wang Zhihuan was already married and had children. She is 35 years old and Li is 29 years old, 65,438+07 years younger than Wang Zhihuan. She is a young woman. The daughter of a county magistrate is married to a married small county commandant under a 35-year-old father, which is quite intriguing. This must be fascinated by Wang Zhihuan's talent.
In his epitaph, Jin Neng called Wang Zhihuan "filial piety, friendship, generosity and charming talent", which is a perfect summary of Wang Zhihuan's life.
After Li and Wang Zhihuan got married, they fell in love. Wang Zhihuan stayed at home for 15 years, and Li lived a poor life with him. Wang Zhihuan re-entered the officialdom, his life just changed for the better, but he died, leaving Li a widow before he was 40 years old. Six years after Wang Zhihuan's death, Li also died of illness. Wang Zhihuan can't be buried together because he has an ex-wife.
Qi Hua Ting pen
During the Kaiyuan period of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, one winter, poets Wang Changling, Gao Shi and Wang Zhihuan lived in Chang 'an. On a light snow day, three people went to the flag pavilion to drink together. There was a Liyuan team singing in the restaurant at that time. When the song reached its climax, four beautiful young girls came out and began to sing the poems of famous poets at that time. Three people drink and watch. Gao Shi suddenly said: "The three of us are famous in the poetry circle, and we have never been divided into high and low at ordinary times. Today, let's make a bet to see which of the four girls sings more poems, even if she wins. " All three people agreed. As soon as the first girl appeared, she sang, "It's cold and rainy, Wu comes at night, and Chushan sees the guests off." If relatives and friends in Luoyang ask each other, a piece of ice heart is in the jade pot. " Wang Changling said happily, "It's mine." The second girl went on to sing, "I opened my eyes with tears the day before yesterday and saw your book." Why is the night station lonely? It is still a cloud house. Gao Shi also said happily: "This is my quatrain." "The third girl sang again:" The broom opens the Golden Palace, and the round fan lingers. ".Jade is not as beautiful as western Western jackdaw. I still carry the shadow of Zhaoyang. "Wang Changling proudly said," It's mine again. " Wang Zhihuan was really anxious and said angrily, "These three girls are not very beautiful, and their poems are not very clever." He then pointed to the most beautiful of the four girls and said, "The most beautiful girl in red, if she doesn't sing my poems, I will never write poems again in my life!" " After a while, the girl really appeared. She sang, "The Yellow River is far from the white clouds. This is an isolated city, Wan Ren." . Why should the flute blame the willow? Spring breeze is not enough. "It's Wang Zhihuan's four-line" Liangzhou Ci ". Hearing this, all three of them laughed.
Resign in anger
Somehow, Wang Zhihuan did not take part in the imperial examination, but supplemented the main book of Hengshui in Jizhou with a gate valve. Wang Zhihuan's parents died when he was in charge of Hengshui, and Li Di, the magistrate of Hengshui County, betrothed his third daughter to him. Wang Zhihuan just high-spirited, unwilling to bend over for Hengshui's humble position, and someone framed the attack, so he resigned angrily, "then swim in the green hills and destroy the yellow ribbon. The river is thousands of miles away because of its high wind; Fifteen years at home, eating its old virtues. It's cool to talk about the knighthood. " I have lived at home for 15 years. Later, his relatives and friends felt that it was not right for him to stay in the lower class, so they advised him to be an official. Later, as the captain of Wen 'an County in Wen 'an County, it was still a humble job. He is famous for his honest and fair administration of the people and is highly praised by the local people. Unexpectedly, it didn't take long for him to get sick. At the age of 55, he died in the official residence and was buried in Luoyang.
Such talents, unfortunately, will never be used, and things will not work out. This is also the common outcome of many talented and upright intellectuals. Although only six of his poems have been handed down, they are the essence of China's classical literature. It also provides a reference for many students.
Cixi jiashang
Empress Dowager Cixi in Qing Dynasty also liked Wang Zhihuan's Liangzhou Ci. One day, she asked a well-written minister to write Wang Zhihuan's Liangzhou words on a fan for her. The minister didn't dare to neglect, but he wrote them down carefully. I don't know. He was so nervous that he accidentally missed a word "between". When Cixi saw the written fan, she flew into a rage: "You bullied me not to read Wang Zhihuan's Liangzhou words, so why didn't I write a word' sword'?" The minister was scared into a cold sweat at that time, because it was a crime of deceiving the monarch and he was going to be beheaded. The minister suddenly had a flash of light, and he was in a hurry to play: "Lafayette, how dare I miss a word' Jian'?" I just think that changing Wang Zhihuan's songs into words will greatly increase the artistic conception and charm. " So, he quickly read it to Empress Dowager Cixi: The Yellow River is far away, white clouds are blossoming, and the lonely city is Wan Ren. Why are you complaining about Johnny? Willow spring breeze, not Yumen Pass. Cixi took the fan and read it several times. Wilder felt that there was a special taste, so he turned anger into joy and rewarded the minister. This shows the artistic charm of Wang Zhihuan's Liangzhou Ci.
Shenzhihuanggou
Wang Zhihuan, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, accepted such a case when he was an official in Wen 'an County. Liu Yuee, a 30-year-old peasant woman, cried and said, "My in-laws died young, my husband has been doing business outside for many years, and only my sister-in-law and I are dependent on each other at home. I went to my neighbor's house last night and my sister-in-law made it up at home. I just came back from pushing and came in. When I heard my sister-in-law calling for help, I hurried home. I bumped into a man at my door, hit him a few times, and caught him a few times. None of them were his opponents and let him run away. " She went into the room and lit the lamp. She saw her sister-in-law with a pair of scissors tied to her chest, dead. Wang Zhihuan passed the trial and got a dog at home, but the dog didn't bark. It is presumed that an acquaintance has committed a crime; Had a fight. Make sure the killer is tall and has scratches on his back. Then solve the case. [8]
family
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relationship
(full name)
outline
Wang Long, the fifth ancestor of Jiangzhou secretariat after Wei Dynasty.
Great-great-grandfather Wang xin hired a doctor as A Lang in the Sui Dynasty and entered the Tang Dynasty as the magistrate of Anyi County.
Grandfather Wang Biao, a doctor in the Tang Dynasty, was ordered by Wen 'an County.
Father Wang Yuhong wrote the book, and the county magistrate of Junyi.
A courtesy title for a male friend.
Wang Zhixian,
Chang 'anwei
Personal work
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There are only six poems written by Wang Zhihuan in The Whole Tang Poetry (256 poems). Wang Zhihuan's six quatrains can be said that the first capital is a good poem. Among them, two poems, Liangzhou and Farewell, are very famous in Lusu, especially the first two poems are the most popular, which can be described as "all can recite"; "Climbing to the next floor, the sky is 300 miles wide" and "The Yellow River is far above the white clouds, and there is an isolated city on Wan Ren Mountain" are famous sentences that have been passed down through the ages, and it is these two poems that have won the poet a prominent position that will last forever.
Wang Zhihuan has six existing poems.
Lulou, Liangzhou Ci, Hengfeng Song, Farewell, Banquet Ci and Nine Days Farewell.
history
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Collect different records, volume 2 (see "One Hundred Volumes to Learn Strange Things", volume 25)
"Biography of Tang Talents" Volume III "Biography of Wang Zhihuan" [2]
Commemoration of future generations
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epitaph
Wang Zhihuan's epitaph is one of the epitaphs unearthed in Beimang, and it is also the most precious epitaph. Although the epitaph has no calligrapher's name, its calligraphy style is no different from that of the epitaph of Yan Ren in the same period. Yan Ren's epitaph is Zhang Xushu Dan, a great calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty, and Wang Zhihuan's epitaph is probably Zhang Xu. Wang Zhihuan's epitaph is now in the Museum of Chinese History. [9]
Stork building
The stork tower is located on the east bank of the Yellow River west of the ancient city of Zhou Pu, yongji city, Shanxi Province. It is six stories high and faces forward.
Zhongtiao Mountain beside the Yellow River is a famous scenic spot in the middle of Tang Dynasty. It is as famous as the Yellow Crane Tower in Wuchang, Yueyang Tower in Dongting Lake and Wangtengting Pavilion in Nanchang, and is known as the four famous buildings in ancient China.
According to legend, storks and magpies (water birds such as zygomatic birds and cranes) often inhabit it, hence the name. The building was built in the Northern Zhou Dynasty (557-580 AD) and destroyed in the early Yuan Dynasty. Unfortunately, after the Song Dynasty, the pavilions were flooded, and then the water receded. Because of its spectacular architecture, ingenious structure, location advantage and beautiful scenery, scholars in the Tang and Song Dynasties climbed the stairs to enjoy the scenery, leaving many immortal poems, among which Wang Zhihuan's poem "In Lusu" is "The mountains cover the daytime, and the ocean drains the golden river." But as long as you go up a flight of stairs, you can broaden your horizons by 300 miles. " It can be called the swan song of the ages and spread at home and abroad. Shen Kuo's "Meng Qian Bi Tan" gave the pavilion eight words: "Look forward to the article and overlook the river." For more than a thousand years, it has had a far-reaching impact on the desire to inspire and revitalize the Chinese nation. 1from February 1997 to 65438+February, the renovation project of reinforced concrete shear wall frame structure building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building building The stork is surrounded by classical gardens.