1, from Ji:
(1) from the ancient yellow emperor Sun Hui, belongs to the official title as the surname. This Zhang family originated in Qingyang (that is, Qingyang in the east of Qinghe County, Hebei Province) and is a family. There is a folk saying that "Zhang's surname is out of the Qinghe River in the world". ?
(2) from the descendants of the Yellow Emperor Ji surname, genus word for surname. During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a doctor in the State of Jin named Zhang, also known as Zhang. ?
2, from the change of surname:
(1) from the nie surname. During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhang Liao, a general of Wei, was originally named Nie, but his family changed his surname to Zhang to avoid resentment, and his descendants also took Zhang as their surname. ?
Give your own surname. Dragon, the leader of Nanman, lived in Yunnan. Zhuge Liang of Shu gave him the surname Zhang in the Three Kingdoms, and later generations took Zhang as their surname.
③ Originated from Gu Xi nationality. Zhang Zhongzhi, a native of Xi, now lives in Fanyang. Because he was good at riding and shooting, he was adopted as his adopted son by the prefect of Fan Yang, and his adoptive father's surname was Zhang. After Zhang Zhongzhi repeatedly made meritorious military service, he was appointed as Zhao Guogong by the Ministry of Rites.
④ Ethnic minorities change their surnames. In ancient times, some ethnic minorities, such as Wu Huan, Nuzhen, Anta, Xiongnu and Qidan, changed their surnames to Zhang. Today, Achang, Naxi, Wa, Yao, Zhuang, Li, Gaoshan, Tibetan, and more than a dozen Manchu surnames such as Zara Richter, Zhang Jiashi, Zhang Jinshi, Zakuta and Aiyi have all changed their surnames to Zhang.
Zhang is the third surname in China. Ji's surname originated from the ancestor Xuanyuan Huangdi. About 5000 years ago, the Yellow Emperor defeated Chiyou and Yan Di successively, and unified the central and western parts of China. Dongyi people living in the eastern region, led by Shao Hao, saw the power of the Yellow Emperor and surrendered to him.
Zhang's Tang names are Qinghe, Jinjian, Xiaoyou,,, Dunmu, Zongyue, Jingyi and Yuanyuan.
Zhang's surname originated in Taiyuan, Shanxi Province in the legendary era, and Zhang of the State of Jin lived here during the Spring and Autumn Period. In 403 BC, after Korea, Zhao and Wei carved up the state of Jin, most of them moved with the capital of the three countries, forming many aristocratic families in Shanxi, Hebei and Henan, among which Zhang, who moved to South Korea, had a great influence.
From its birth to the Warring States, Qin and Han Dynasties, Zhang's reproduction and development were mainly in most areas north and south of the Yellow River. At this time, some people named Zhang entered Shu County as the prefect. In the Han Dynasty, the number of people surnamed Zhang in Bashu increased, and the ancestors of Zhang also moved to Wu County.
Dong Zhuo's rebellion at the end of Han Dynasty forced Zhang people to move south for the first time. At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, due to the Yongjia rebellion, Zhang moved south again. Soon, Zhang rose first and became the breeding center of Zhang in the southeast coast of China. At this time, Zhang also moved to Liaoning and Jilin in the northeast and Gansu, Qinghai and Xinjiang in the northwest. The southernmost tip is Sheng in Shaoguan, Guangdong.
From the Tang Dynasty to the Five Dynasties, Zhang moved to the south and made great achievements, which was accepted by many noble families in counties and counties. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, that is, from the time when Jin Bing occupied the north and south of the Yellow River to the time when the Mongolian army went south, the Zhang family in the north moved south again on a large scale.
Zhang moved to the south several times, and since the Song Dynasty, it has spread all over the country and distributed in the north and south of China. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Zhang people crossed the ocean to seek development. So far, among the Chinese who have emigrated overseas, the number of Zhang is in the forefront.
Historically, the Zhang family was prosperous and famous people came forth in large numbers.
Famous figures include Qin Xiang and Wei Xiang in the Warring States Period. Sean, Minister of the Western Han Dynasty, was a famous Zhang Qian. Zhang Heng, a scientist in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Zhi, a calligrapher, and Zhang Zhongjing, a famous medical scientist. Zhang Fei, general of Shu and Han Dynasties in Three Kingdoms. There is Zhang Sengyou in Nanliang, known as one of the four great painters in China. In the Tang Dynasty, Zhang was even more talented. There were 17 prime ministers alone, as well as calligrapher Zhang Xu and poet Zhang.
There was a painter Zhang Zeduan in the Northern Song Dynasty, whose work The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is the most precious. Zhang Ziyang, the ancestor of Nanzong Taoism. Zhang was a politician in the Ming Dynasty, who was in charge of state affairs for ten years. Zhang, the leader of the peasant uprising in the late Ming Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, there were Zhang Zhidong, the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, the leader of the Westernization School, Zhang Shu, a scholar who wrote five books on Surnames, Zhang Boxing, the minister of rites who was called "the most official in the world" by Kangxi, and Zhang Decheng, the leader of the Boxer Rebellion.
Zhang ranked 24th in the Song version of Hundred Family Names. By 2007, according to the statistical analysis of the registered population in China by the Public Security Administration of the Ministry of Public Security, Zhang's population ranked third in the country, accounting for 87.502 million, accounting for 6.83% of the total population.
There's a Zu:
Zhang Hui, No.1 Tianlu, was the inventor of an important weapon in ancient times-bow and arrow. Because the birth of bow and arrow had a great impact on society, the Yellow Emperor sealed it as a bow and made it into a bow and arrow. After taking the meaning of bow length, he gave his surname Zhang Yu Puyang and fief Qinghe. Later, he died and was buried in Diqiu. Thus, Zhang Hui became Zhang's ancestor.
Extended data
At present, the population of Zhang has reached nearly 85 million, which is the third largest surname in China, accounting for 6.79% of the national population. Since the Song Dynasty, Zhang's population growth rate has been on the rise from 1000.
The distribution in China is mainly concentrated in Henan, Shandong, Hebei and other provinces, accounting for about 27.5% of Zhang's total population, followed by Jiangsu, Sichuan, Anhui, Liaoning, Heilongjiang, Hubei and other provinces, with a concentration of 28.5%. Henan is 10. 1% of Zhang's total population, and it is the largest province in contemporary Zhang. The country has formed a high-grade northern Zhang surname area and a low-grade southern Zhang surname area bounded by the Yangtze River.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-Zhang surname