Traditional folk festivals in Europe and America. Valentine's day. It is scheduled for February 14 every year. On this day, lovers exchange cards and gifts to express their love. There are different opinions about its origin. Speaking of the Roman Empire which persecuted Christians in the 3rd century, a priest named Valentine was arrested for helping Christians. He fell in love with the warden's daughter in prison and died on February 14 in 269 (270). Since then, the church has designated February 14 as Valentine's Day as a commemoration. Another argument is related to the fact that Europeans in the Middle Ages believed that birds began to choose their mates in estrus in February 14. With the passage of time, the festival has gradually become a popular secular festival, and Valentine's Day has also become synonymous with lovers, love letters and things related to love. People celebrate Valentine's Day with red hearts, flowers, greeting cards and chocolates. In Denmark, men usually write letters to women without signing them. If the receiver can guess the writer, this person will give her a present on Easter this year. In Italy, people believe that on Valentine's Day, an unmarried woman stood at the window before sunrise, and the first man who came under her window was her destiny takes a hand's lover. In Canada, Britain and other places, people mostly send cards and give each other Valentine's Day photos. Valentine's Day in Loveland, Colorado is the most famous in America. The English place name of the town can be translated into the place where lovers live, so every Valentine's Day, many letters will be sent to this place, stamped with a postmark with a strong love flavor. Valentine's day activities are not limited to couples, it has become a bond for all people to connect their feelings. Relatives, friends, parents, children, teachers and classmates can take the opportunity of Valentine's Day to express their love for each other.
China Tanabata,
Qixi Culture and Legend Background
About the legend of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl, we have to mention the Altair and Vega in the sky. As early as in the Book of Songs, it was recorded that "where there is Han, there is light in prison. Weaver girl, seven things all day. Even if the weaver girl is busy, she can't knit a stripe well. Don't report to the newspaper box. " Later, Altair and Vega began to have human forms, and the inspiration of love filled them.
According to Zhao, president of Shaanxi Cultural Heritage Research Association, by the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the legend of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl was gradually complete. In the Han Dynasty, it has been incorporated into poetry from folk stories: "The Altair is far away, and Jiao Jiao River is a girl from China. Skillful hands, make a loom. There is no chapter all day, and tears are pouring down. What's the difference between a clear river and a shallow one? Ying Ying is easy to water, and his pulse is silent. "
Introduction of Xingping City:
Xingping City is located in the middle of Guanzhong Plain, Shaanxi Province, and belongs to Xianyang City, 50 kilometers away from Xi 'an. 1June, 993, the county was withdrawn and the city was established.
Xingping has a long history. The feudal dynasty built its capital in Xingping twice: once, in the second year of Zhou Yiwang, the seventh emperor of the Western Zhou Dynasty (908 BC), it moved its capital from Haojing to Goushan (now Nanzuo Village in the south of Xingping); On one occasion, Chu and Han contended, and Xiang Yu named Zhang Han King Yong, and the king was located in the abandoned hill (the address is the same as above). From 65438 to 0968, the secret service in Xianyang area moved to Xingping for nearly two years.
Xingping has been famous all over the world since ancient times. Celebrities such as cloud satrap and flying generals Li Guang, Geng Bing, scholar Ma Rong, historian Ban Zhao, writer and mechanical inventor Ma Chao, poetess Su who compiled palindromes in the Sixteen Countries of the Western Jin Dynasty, and agriculturist Yang in the Qing Dynasty were born here. The children in Xingping have a glorious revolutionary tradition. 1927 During the first revolutionary civil war to resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea, there were 172 martyrs who entered the list of British troops in Shaanxi Province. Wei Yechou and Shi Kexuan, the founders of Shaanxi Underground Party, Yang, an anti-Japanese hero, and Yang Jiarui, the former deputy commander of Lanzhou Military Region, made selfless contributions to the party and the people and wrote an epic heroic chapter.
Xingping is famous for its cultural relics and rich tourism resources. There are 6548 historical sites and cultural relics in 39 places in the city.
In the northeast of the city 10 km, there is Maoling, the largest mausoleum of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty. The stone carving of Huoqubing Tomb in Maoling is one of the earliest and most well-preserved outstanding cultural heritages among the large-scale stone carving art in China, and Maoling Museum has also been rated as an AAAA-level tourist attraction by the state.
The tomb of Tang Yang Guifei, located at 0/3 km west of the city/KLOC-,has left 32 stone carvings of literati in past dynasties, which has high calligraphy and literary value. Maoling stone carving is the earliest and best preserved outstanding cultural heritage among the ancient large-scale stone carvings found in China, which is cherished by historians at home and abroad. The gilded horses collected by Maoling Museum are regarded as national treasures. There is a famous tomb of Yang Guifei in the Tang Dynasty in the west of the city. There are 12 stone tablets in the east and west of Yang Guifei's tomb, which are inlaid with 32 ink poems inscribed by literati in past dynasties. They either comment on Li Longji or praise Yang Guifei, but they have their own opinions, and their literature and calligraphy are of great artistic value.
There are Xuanzang's translated scriptures, the seven-level octagonal pagoda and the Qingfan Temple built when Buddhism spread to the east in the Tang Dynasty. Brilliant Confucian Temple Dacheng Hall in Ming Dynasty. There is also the tomb of Ma Rong, a Confucian scholar and writer in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The tomb of Cao Dajia (Ban Zhao), a female historian in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the Neolithic site in Huangshan Mountain are well-known cultural heritages.
1992, a geothermal fountain was developed in this city, with a water temperature of 62℃ and a spewing height of18m. It is identified that the water quality of hot springs belongs to sodium bicarbonate type, with high temperature, low hardness, low salt content, fluorine, silicon, boron and other trace elements and radon gas. It is an ideal place for fitness, recuperation, tourism and vacation. The natural mineral water found next to the tomb of the imperial concubine Ma Wei was identified as high-quality mineral water with a daily mining capacity of 2,000 tons. Xingping is also the only way for Chinese and foreign tourists to visit Famen Temple and Ganling. Xingping is welcoming guests from all directions with a brand-new attitude.
Official certification:
The fate of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl is very tragic. The competition of this love legend in the process of "applying for the World Heritage" can also be described as "tragic": 1 1 places are declared at the same time, and six places are shortlisted at the same time. In the final list of the second batch of intangible cultural heritage projects announced by the Ministry of Culture, Xi 'an, Shanxi Heshun and Shandong Yiyuan are all on the list and tied for ".
According to historical records, the stone statues of Cowherd and Weaver Girl standing on both sides of Kunming Lake Site in Doumen Town, Chang 'an District of our city were erected by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to reflect the Milky Way in the sky. The local villagers have regarded this pair of stone statues "falling from the sky" as treasures for generations, and also invested in the construction of the "Shipo Temple" to worship the stone statues. Every year, relevant folk activities are held, and various versions of the interesting stories of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl are circulated.
So many legends about the "birthplace" of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl put forward all kinds of "hard evidence". What are the advantages of Xi's successful application for the World Heritage? Physical remains, historical records and folk inheritance are all strong evidence for us. In addition to conclusive evidence, Xi 'an's advantage lies in the word "early".
Han, a famous folklorist, said: "The stone statues of the Weaver Girl and the Cowherd in Kunming Pool were built in the Han Dynasty. Shibei stone carvings are mentioned many times in Hanshu, and Qixi in Han Dynasty is also mentioned in Xijing Miscellanies. This is the earliest physical and written record in China, so the ancestors of' Cowherd and Weaver Girl' have already reached a conclusion. " In addition, the saying that Valentine's Day in China originated from was put forward by Han in his book Ancient Festival Customs in China as early as 22 years ago.
Why did someone rob Cowherd and Weaver Girl? Why did this love legend become so hot? In this regard, Han thinks it is normal. "Just like the flowers in a hundred gardens, the more flowers bloom, the more it shows that the legend of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl has spread widely in China and has far-reaching influence, which has attracted people's attention."
Fu, president of Shaanxi Folk Writers and Artists Association, believes that Ann, the birthplace of the legend of Cowherd and Weaver Girl, is one step behind other regions. He said, "Xi is an ancient capital. There are too many historic and famous historical and cultural relics and anecdotes about celebrities, but everyone thinks it is not rare. Cultural heritages such as the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl, which originated in the Han Dynasty, are precious to other provinces. They must try to cultivate and support by grasping a straw. However, there are too many cultural projects that Xi' an needs to protect, and it is inevitable to miss them. "
After the successful application, what should I do in the future? At present, the birthplace of the legend of Cowherd and Weaver Girl has been highly valued by Beijing experts and Chang 'an District Government. According to Fu, on the basis of protecting the original cultural characteristics, the government will increase the development of related cultural industries and institutions, build related cultural exhibition halls, and transform the old Kunming Lake site to make it a cultural tourist attraction.
Beautiful love infects people, but few people have studied the origin of this legend. Zhai Chongren, a researcher of Shaanxi Cultural Heritage Research Association and an expert in Xingping local chronicles, discovered that the legend of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl originated in Xingping after more than 10 years of research.