Han Xiaochuan (1830-1895), Manchu, was the author of Dong Diao Shu in Qing Dynasty. Real name is not a biography, but a signature line. One said that he was from Shenyang in Jiaqing and Daoguang of Qing Dynasty. Some people say that he was from Kaiyuan County in Fengtianfu (now Shenyang) during Daoguang and Guangxu periods.
Chinese name: Han Xiaochuang.
Date of birth: 1830
Date of death: 1895
Occupation: writer
Representative works: Changbanpo, The Wife Who Gained Wealth, Tears, Daiyu Sorrow for Autumn.
Personal profile
When he was a child, his parents died and he was adopted by his aunt who lived in Xiaoxiguan, Fengtian City. After studying, he often went to bookstores and teahouses to listen to books, which made him interested in Quyi and influenced his life.
Han Xiaochuang was about 20 years old. He took the imperial examination, but failed to find a job in Sun Shan. Later, he went to Beijing and didn't get it. During this period, he has traveled to Beijing, Tianjin, Yang and other places, and met many people, among whom Wang Xiyuan, Xi Xiaofeng and others have the closest relationship. It is devoted to creating children's books with friends.
Eight Banners Children's Books originated in Yongzheng and Qianlong years. At that time, there were frequent wars in the whole country, and a large number of children of the Eight Banners were enlisted in the army, fighting or guarding the border for many years, with no hope of returning. In despair, they expressed their feelings of sadness and resentment in words. As a result, Zidishu's songs gradually became popular.
In the eighteenth year of Jiaqing (18 13), the imperial court moved a group of idle royal families with no officials and no jobs back to their hometown in Shengjing, and placed them outside the small east gate of Shengjing. In this way, with the arrival of these royal families, Disciples Rules, which prevailed in Beijing, began to be sung in Shengjing. Han Xiaochuang and others wrote a lot of songs for the performance.
life experience
Han Xiaochuan is a Manchu, originally from Kaiyuan County, Liaoning Province, and later settled in Shenyang. Born in the 10th year of Daoguang (1830) and died in the 21st year of Guangxu (1895). Han Xiaochuan's parents died when he was young, and he lived in an aunt's house in Shenyang. His uncle died early, and his aunt was sickly and didn't care much. Therefore, since he was a child, he often went to the teahouse and bookstore in Xiguan and Xiaoheyan, Shenyang. This made him have an indissoluble bond with folk literature and art since he was a child. I often read romance novels to my aunt, so I came into contact with folk literature.
When he was young, he went to Beijing many times to take exams and apply for jobs, but he failed to do so. During the Tongzhi period alone, he went to Beijing twice to take the exam, and both stayed at his good friend Xi Xiaofeng's house, but they all failed the list. During his trial employment in Beijing several times, he met many children of the Eight Banners, and wandered around Shenjing, Jinzhou, Liaoyang and other places, making friends with poetry, and successively met Xiaofeng, Miao, (Geng Yi, Qing imperial clan), Chunshuzhai, Erling layman and other celebrities.
During the Tongzhi period, Han Xiaochuang and some literati gathered in Shenyang to form an irregular leisure gathering organization. In fact, it is a poetry club and a folk organization of literary celebrities. In addition to "singing with wine" and taking literature as their friends, they also wrote a large number of children's books, spring poems, riddles and other vulgar works.
In the third year of Guangxu (1877), at Miao's initiative, with the request and support of folk artists and all walks of life, the Huilan Poetry Society was formally formed with friends such as Xiaofeng, Shang Yazhen, Li Longshi, Rong Wenda and Song Ziyou, and was held every Wednesday, Saturday and September in Wenshan Room (Huiwentang) of Shenyang Gulou Club. In the ninth year of Guangxu (1883), Zeng and Zeng proposed to expand the poetry club to attract some folk artists to participate in activities, so as to combine the poetry club with folk art ... On the wall of a teahouse outside the South East Gate of Huiwenshan Prefecture, their newly created poems, couplets, lanterns and tigers, and disciples' books (unsigned) were published for public comment, and for a time, tourists in the past were crowded. In this way, the boundary between the children of the Eight Banners and the lower classes was broken. Many drummers, shadow puppets and blind artists who walk around the country and dance yangko ask members of the poetry club to write plays or arias. The movement of the poetry society towards the people naturally attracted the attention and interference of the rulers. This practice of posting a list in the tea house ended intermittently in less than three years, and he soon left Shenyang. During this period, Han Xiaochuang created some children's books, such as Ning Wuguan, Legacy of Brothel and Rich and Proud Wife, all of which were published by Huiwen Bookstore, which made him famous.
Han Xiaochuang was an official all his life and lived in poverty. In his later years, he claimed to be a cloth, and naturally he was not ashamed to make a living by selling goods. Besides relying on friends such as Miao and Xiaofeng, he also accepted literary remuneration from Wenshan Bookstore and Bookstore. He deliberately devoted himself to the creation of children's books, and successively wrote works such as Tears, Meiyu Hate, and Visiting the Old People's Home. These works criticized the hypocrisy and deception of patriarchal clan system and feudal laws, and mercilessly tore the true colors of the ruling class hidden behind ceremony, festival, loyalty, filial piety and benevolence. His later works, from the theme treatment to the application of artistic skills, have reached the point of perfection. His adaptation of A Dream of Red Mansions can deeply understand the essence of the original, embody and show the spirit of the original, stand the test of time and become a masterpiece. In addition, Han Xiaochuang has written many films for shadow puppeteers. There are two kinds of works handed down today: Slander and Ridiculous (cursing the son) and The Story of the Stone (Mrs. Tian Sansao hits the stove).
Han Xiaochuang's calligraphy is also good. In the early years, there was a vigorous calligraphy and painting in the main hall of Zuyue Temple in Qian Shan. In the middle of this vertical axis, there are only two big characters, but no matter whether the monks in the temple often come to be benefactors, they are all pronounced as "Qianlianshan", an easy-to-read and unusual calligraphy and painting, which was made by Han Xiaochuang when he traveled to Qian Shan.
Han Xiaochuang went abroad to make a living in his later years and died in Liaoyang (scholars at home and abroad have raised objections to this and need further research). Han Xiaochuan is a prolific writer. According to legend, there are as many as four or five hundred children's book scripts in his life, with a wide range of themes, including historical stories, love stories, satirical stories, social stories, etc., which are profound in love and suitable for all ages, so they can be widely circulated among artists and people. Han Xiaochuang was almost a household name in Shenyang in the late Qing Dynasty.
representative works
Han Xiaochuang is a representative writer of Dongcheng Tune. He wrote more than 500 kinds of children's books, and today there are 35 kinds. For example, Changbanpo, The Earning Wife, In Tears, Daiyu Mourning Autumn and Hongmeige are all representative works. In addition, there are two kinds of films, libel and absurdity, The Story of the Stone and a riddle poem handed down from generation to generation.
Han Xiaochuang's works are based on popular novels and operas at that time, and there are many lonely and angry works that attack reality. Elegant writing, delicate description and full of emotion. His disciple's calligraphy works 10 are still sung in Northeast Drum and Jingyun Drum.
Daiyu is sad
Sentimental Lin Daiyu's parents died and lived in grandma's grand view garden. Because of its beautiful appearance, dignified behavior and proficient in piano, chess and calligraphy, it is deeply loved by her grandmother. Daiyu and her cousin Jia Baoyu had a deep affection since childhood, and they secretly promised each other. One day, Daiyu was unhappy and accompanied by a maid to see autumn scenery in the back garden. Although there are four seasons in a year, when we see the bleak scene of everything in autumn, it is inevitable to reveal the sentimental feelings of "it is difficult to find a companion when you spend a good time enjoying the cool, and people are so sad about autumn".
Status and influence
At that time, Han Xiaochuang was recognized as a leading figure in children's book creation. Some people call him a "mountain builder" compiled by his children's books. More than 30 works, such as Ning Wuguan, The Dream of a Brothel and Daiyu's Sad Autumn, are his representative works. These works are very attractive to readers and listeners. Therefore, Han Xiaochuang's name is well known to women and children in Shengjing.
Related introduction: Zidishu
China's operas in Qing Dynasty. It is named after the children of the Eight Banners who are mainly Manchu. It has been popular in North China and Northeast China. From witch songs and folk songs. At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, a large number of children of Banners were stationed far from the border, singing with the tunes of popular folk songs, shamanism witchcraft songs and drum words at that time, in order to express their homesickness. This kind of singing is commonly known as the Eight Banners Children's Song. After being introduced into Beijing, he created a narrative story with seven words as the body and no plain words, so it was officially named Zidishu. During Jiaqing period, there were professional artists, but most of them were blind. To 1900 or so, gradually decreasing. The early tunes of Zidishu are divided into East Rhyme and West Rhyme, which are bounded by the West City of North JD.COM. Rough historical stories and passionate and generous songs; The western rhyme is deep and lingering, and more euphemistic and touching love themes are sung. Around 1850, two tribes, Cheng Nan Harmony and North City Tune, appeared, which were good at smooth tunes and complicated rhythms. After the decline of Zidishu, most of his works were absorbed by Gushu and Paiziqu. Zi Dishu has many works. There are 446 descriptions in Di Zi Gui, among which Chuang and Han Xiaochuang's works are famous, such as Dream, Changbanpo, and Wife of Wealth.