Art ART explanation 1. Social ideology that uses images to reflect reality but is more typical than reality, including literature, painting, sculpture, architecture, music, dance, drama, movies, folk arts, crafts, etc. 2. Refers to a creative way. For example: the art of leadership. 3. Unique and beautiful shape. Art can usually be understood from three levels. The first is to regard art as a field of culture or a form of cultural value from a spiritual level, juxtaposing it with religion, philosophy, ethics, etc. The second is to understand art from the level of activity process, believing that art is the artist's self-expression, creative activity, or imitation of reality. The third is to consider art as a work of art from the perspective of activity results, emphasizing the objective existence of art. It is generally believed that art is a way for people to grasp the real world, and artistic activities are spiritual practices in which people grasp objective objects in an intuitive and holistic way, and on this basis, create certain artistic images in the form of symbolic symbols. It finally appears in the form of a work of art, which contains not only the artist's understanding and reflection of the objective world, but also the artist's own emotions, ideals, values ??and other subjective factors. It is a spiritual product. The difference between art and other ideologies lies in its aesthetic value, which is its most important and basic feature. Artists express and convey their aesthetic feelings and aesthetic ideals through artistic creation, and appreciators obtain aesthetic feelings and satisfy their own aesthetic needs through art appreciation. Aestheticism is the most perfect expression of aesthetics. In addition to aesthetic value, art also has other social functions, such as cognitive function, educational and edifying function, entertainment function, etc. Among them, the social function of art is that people understand nature, society, history, and life through artistic activities. It is different from the cognitive function of science. The educational function of art is that people are influenced and infected by truth, goodness and beauty through artistic activities, which subtly cause profound changes in thoughts, feelings, life attitudes, values, etc. It is different from moral education. The entertainment concept of art is that people satisfy aesthetic needs and obtain spiritual enjoyment and aesthetic pleasure through artistic activities, which is different from physiological pleasure. There are many types of painting, sculpture, crafts, architecture, music, dance, literature, drama, film, and game art. According to different classification standards, art can be divided into the following types: According to the way the artistic image exists, it can be divided into time Art, space art and space-time art. Art is a kind of spatial art. According to the aesthetic method of artistic image, it can be divided into auditory art, visual art and audio-visual art. Fine art is a visual art. According to the materialized form of art, art can be divided into dynamic art and static art. Fine art is primarily a static art. According to the aesthetic principles of art classification, it can be divided into practical arts, plastic arts, performing arts, language arts and comprehensive arts. Fine art is a plastic art. According to the way of expression of artistic image, it can be divided into expressive art and representational art. There are both expressive and reproducible elements in art. According to the expression of artistic behavior, it can be divided into performance art, body art, etc. Art and fine art It should be pointed out that there are certain differences in the meaning and scope of application of "art" and "fine art" in the East and the West. Understanding these differences helps us better grasp their concepts and use them. In the West, "art" and "art" both originate from the Latin word "art" in ancient Rome. Its original meaning refers to "man-made skills" as opposed to "natural creation", and generally refers to various hand-made artworks and music. , literature, drama, etc. At that time, art in a broad sense even included skills in clothing, cultivation, boxing, medical skills, etc. In the ancient Greek period, the concept of art was still equated with craftsmanship and technology. However, when ancient Greek painting and sculpture reached a mature stage in the fifth century BC, they had basically established a set of classical beauty standards, which provided the basis for the meaning of art in the future. The evolution laid the foundation. It was not until the Renaissance that art was gradually equated with "beautiful". In the mid-18th century, the artistic conceptual system based on beauty was formally established, and art became the main object of aesthetics.
Today, the word "art" in English still means both "art" and "art". It can be used to refer to music, dance, literature, drama, film and other various artistic categories, and sometimes it is also used specifically Used to refer to visual arts including painting, sculpture, crafts, and architecture. In many Western works, we even see that the "art" mentioned by the author actually only refers to a part of what we Chinese think of as art: painting. And their "the arts fine" (which we directly translate as "art") still refers to poetry, music, painting, sculpture, architecture, etc. The term "art" has been widely used by writers, artists and educators in China since the New Culture Movement. When Cai Yuanpei used the term "art" at that time, he also included poetry and music. Later, China's literary and artistic circles and educational circles gradually separated the concepts of "fine arts" and "art". "Art" is the general term for all art categories. It uses different visual methods to reflect nature and society, and express Human emotions are a large humanistic subject, which includes art, music, poetry, dance, drama, film, calligraphy, etc., as well as clothing, gardens and other large areas. "Fine arts" is specifically used to refer to an important branch of art - the visual arts part. In short, in Chinese we have two words "art" and "art", which have different meanings and different scopes of reference. However, in English there is only one word "art", which is used to refer to all categories of art. , is also used to specifically refer to a part of all art categories - fine arts, or even an aspect of fine arts - painting. This is the difference in the meaning and scope of application of the words "art" and "art" between the East and the West. Art is an art that uses material materials as a medium to create considerable static artistic images that occupy a certain plane or three-dimensional space. A social ideology that expresses the author's thoughts and feelings, and it is also a form of production. It usually refers to an art such as painting, sculpture, arts and crafts, and architectural art that is developed in space, expresses one's attitude, and appeals to people's vision. When Europe began to use this name in the seventeenth century, it generally referred to paintings, sculptures, literature, music, etc. with aesthetic significance. When I began to use this term commonly around the time of the May 4th Movement, it also had a connotation equivalent to the entire art. For example, when Lu Xun explained the word "art" in 1913, he wrote: "Art is the word...translated from the British name Aite. The word "Aite" originally came from Greece, and its friendship was art. Soon afterwards, our country also used the word "art". The word "art" is translated as "爱特", and the word "art" has become a name specifically referring to visual arts such as painting. Art has given us a great influence on design. Human beings transform the world through labor, create civilization, and create materials. Wealth and spiritual wealth, and the most basic and important creative activity is creation. Design is the pre-planning of creation activities. The planning technology and planning process of any creation activity can be understood as design. Behavior, mostly commercial and partly artistic. According to the definition of industrial designer Victor Papanek, design is a more detailed definition of conscious and intuitive efforts to build a meaningful order. As follows: Step 1: Understand users’ expectations, needs, and motivations, and understand business, technology, and industry needs and constraints; Step 2: Transform what you know into product planning (or the product itself), Make the form, content and behavior of the product useful, usable, desirable, and economically and technically feasible (this is the meaning and basic requirement of design) This definition can be applied to all areas of design, although it is different. The focus of the field varies from form, content to behavior. The simplest definition of design is a "purposeful creative behavior". However, design is also a profession. For example, in the film industry. The position of scene design, in the printing industry, includes the position of packaging design. Different from the English word Designer, when used in Chinese, the two words design and designer can be called the same. There are quite a few theories and issues extending from the word design. The social environment in which design is a profession is usually called the design world.
The design world has a long history of developing theories in European and American countries, so the history of design and related theories often focus on European and American industrial design and architectural design as the two mainstreams. Since design behavior is generally interpreted as having a clear goal, creations that are contrary to the design meaning are called random numbers, randomness, etc. in modern times. In the West, large-scale design systems are often called Architecture. The architecture referred to here is not a specific architecture, but an abstract description. The difference between art and design defines art as "a special way for human beings to grasp and reflect the world with emotion and imagination as their characteristics. That is, to reproduce reality and express emotional ideals through aesthetic creation activities, which are realized in imagination The mutual objectification of aesthetic subjects and aesthetic objects. Specifically speaking, it is an image reflection of people's real life and spiritual world, and it is also an organic product of the artist's knowledge, emotions, ideals, and integrated psychological activities. "Although design transcends pure art, it exists in The whole process of design, production or production is closely integrated with technical materials, technology, market, consumption and other factors. However, it cannot be completely separated from artistic creation. The designer's design must always take into account the specific design object and according to the production technical conditions and the feasibility of production techniques, and then carry out creative work. This creative process is always connected with aesthetics. (Absolutely original, my own design introduction exam answers)