I think making the question of who Wang Xizhi is popular will make me an idiot. Because the deeds of Wang Xizhi, a man of letters in China, have become one of the symbols of China's cultural history. His elegance and generosity, his hard work, his temperament and equipment, his son and his smile have all become the standards for China literati to admire the past.
Good son-in-law
Right army painting fan
Xi Zhi 'ai Goose Book Huang Ting
handicraftsmen
Wei-Jin romantic
This bit by bit laid the foundation for Wang Xizhi and made China's cultural history. At this time, we no longer care who Wang Xizhi is and what his story is. Because he is the story, he has become a symbol, an ID.
? Today I will share his deified works and the past life of this work.
handicraftsman
Second, how to write "Preface to Lanting"?
In fact, the official name of Preface to Lanting Collection is Preface to Lanting Collection. As can be seen from the title, Preface to Lanting Collection is the preface to a collection of poems named Preface to Lanting Collection. This collection of poems was a gathering of Wang Xizhi and a group of writers and scholars at that time in a place called Lanting on the last thinking festival (March 3, a traditional outing festival). Bamboo is planted in the Maolin here, and the stream is gurgling. (Popularize a little knowledge: there is no need to mention a name for the classical place names in China, but there must be some kind of building here. For example, if you don't say Lanting, there is a pavilion. It doesn't mean that someone really lives in the toilet just because they live in some grass. )。 It is suitable for the advanced game-Qushui.
This game includes drinking and chatting. Choose the most comfortable posture and throw yourself into the embrace of nature. Every time you drink a glass of wine from the upstream, you should improvise a poem. Because this time Wang Xizhi invited all the writers at that time, these poems recorded by the boys became poetry collections.
When everyone was full of food and courage, someone asked the host Wang Xizhi to leave the preface of today's poetry collection as a witness.
Wang Xizhi's drunken pen is written on an inexpensive piece of paper: both literariness and artistry can be called Preface to Lanting Collection, which is a masterpiece with great achievements in the past. Wang Xizhi's book confirms the Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection: knowing that death and life are fake, and Peng Qizhi's mourning is a mistake.
Wang showed unprecedented pride and elegance, and realized the great integration of three dimensions: literature, books and people. The first well-known and widely sung famous song in the history of China was born. When Wang Xizhi woke up, he found that he could never write such a work again and sighed for a long time. (Since then, China literati's literature, paintings and drinks have naturally been put together. )
The artistic achievement of Preface to Lanting can be simply described in eight words: the book is straight and the technique is simple. It can be simply understood as follows: first of all, what Wang Xizhi thinks and thinks, all his psychological paths and feelings are displayed in an unobstructed view between words and books; Moreover, his technique is particularly simple and straightforward, but it contains Wang Xizhi's self-discipline and basic skills under his amazing talent. (You can find a modern imitation of "Preface to Lanting", and you can't bear to look straight. )
At the moment of its birth, Preface to Lanting Collection firmly occupied the first place in China's calligraphy, and no one could defend its existence, even though Preface to Lanting Collection was a copy of the Tang Dynasty and several imitations carved on stones.
3. Where is the Preface to Lanting?
Where is the preface to Lanting Collection? This is an eternal mystery. First of all, we need to know about the precious original calligraphy of the Jin Dynasty.
The Jin Dynasty, the Southern and Northern Dynasties were turbulent times in China, but many great artists were born at that time, which was also an important period for China's art history to change from stone to paper. At this time, a number of great artists were born, such as Mrs. Wei, Zhong You, Lu Ji, Wang Xizhi, Wang Xianzhi, Wang Xun, Xie An, Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Zhi, Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest and so on, leaving many things behind, but from the Northern and Southern Dynasties to modern times.
It's a pity that I tell you that only two works of famous calligraphers in the Jin Dynasty exist in the world, one is Lu Ji's Ping Fu Tie, the other is Wang Xun's Yuan Bo Tie, and the others are imitations from the Tang and Song Dynasties or when, including the familiar preface to the Lanting Collection, the map of emperors in past dynasties, the map of female history and the map of Luo Shen Fu, which flaunt the originality of Jin people.
The works of Wang Xizhi and his contemporaries in the Tang Dynasty are very rare. Most of Wang Xizhi's important ink was taken away by Emperor Taizong. Later emperors, such as several emperors around Song Huizong, could only write letters and manuscripts of Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi. Later, some of these collected works were buried with the emperor of the Tang Dynasty, and some were burned by jurchen when robbing Kaifeng City.
After that, most of the calligraphy works in Wei and Jin Dynasties were rubbings such as Chunhua Pavilion Post, Sanxitang Fa Post and Crimson Post, and even the tattered stone rubbings such as the Thirteen-line Jade Edition became particularly precious.
Of course, this is another story.
Speaking of Wang Xizhi, what was Wang Xizhi like in the Tang Dynasty?
So much so that if you want to carve a stone tablet that you want to synthesize with Wang Xizhi's words (Preface to the Three Monks of Datang), you have to buy it at the price of one word.
The most important work of this period, Preface to the Lanting Pavilion, was taken into his own hands by Emperor Taizong. He affectionately called several powerful imitators, calligraphers and stone carvers, copied, imitated and produced some prefaces to the Lanting Pavilion, which were circulated among the people. The wind of copying Lanting Preface prevailed in the market (the beginning of modern imitation in China), and it is a famous "five kinds of Lanting Prefaces" in the study of steles.
Why did Emperor Taizong publish so many Prefaces to Lanting? Does he want to popularize culture and art?
Stop dreaming.
Emperor Taizong only wanted to bury himself with the real Preface to Lanting, but he was afraid that it would really disappear. The world scolded him for leaving his family behind, so he came up with such a way: rubbing shop.
After the death of Emperor Taizong, the Preface to Lanting was also said to be buried with him as a treasure.
However, later, there appeared a figure who was even more outrageous than Emperor Taizong. This man's name is Wen Tao (a local warlord in the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties). In order to expand his army and enjoy himself, he stole the Zhaoling Tomb of Emperor Taizong. It took 1000 people to move horses for three months before Zhaoling was moved here, but the world did not find the Preface to Lanting (because there is no record of Lanting Preface in the Catalogue of Burying Zhaoling).
Where is the Preface to Lanting?
It also became a case. First, some people say that grave robbers think the Preface to the Lanting Pavilion is too precious, or that there is no other reason; Another possibility that I support is that the Preface to Lanting Collection actually cut off the beard of Prince Li Zhi (Tang Gaozong, the husband of Wu Zetian) at that time and was buried in their mausoleum with Wu Zetian.
Preface to Lanting is gone, and neither is he. Wang Xizhi's style of writing and the artistic soul of China he represents have been circulating in our blood. Lanting, like a cultural symbol, has been imprinted in the soul of every China person, representing: the unity of heaven and man, the pursuit of elegant aesthetic feeling, the pursuit of that fleeting beautiful and precious cultural complex and so on. ........
Where will Wang Xizhi and his Preface to Lanting go?
I believe everyone has an answer.
In fact, whether there is a real Lanting sequence is no more important to us than Venus' arm is to brokeback Venus.
? Liang Yue? Written in Deshantang, Zhuhai on February 28th, 2020.