When the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom built a watchtower on this pavilion, it was named Siwangting.
This is the center of the old city of Yangzhou.
Wenchang Pavilion has the same function in Yangzhou as the bell tower in Xi 'an, and there is a big turntable around it. It's just that this pavilion is not as grand as Xi 'an's bell tower. Take a photo and go back to Siwangting. As the name implies, looking around, Siwangting was originally called "Wenkui Building" and later called "Kuixing Pavilion". During the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, there was a wooden frame on the top floor of the pavilion, which was once used as a lookout to observe the movement of the Qing army, hence the name Siwangting. Walking back twenty or thirty meters from Siwangting, I finally saw the archway of Yangzhou Eight Eccentrics Memorial Hall in the shade. Walking along the road sign, a pagoda tree stands in front of the house. When I approached the stone tablet, it was actually a Tang Huai! Because of the age, the trunk is completely empty, and a circle of folded bark, which supports the Millennium ancient pagoda tree, stays in the alley of Yangzhou without being humiliated. Opposite the Eight Eccentrics Memorial Hall in Yangzhou is a primary school. Just after school, parents pick up their children at the gate of the memorial hall. They believe that these children studying here, if so closely influenced by the legacy of Yangzhou Eight Eccentrics, will certainly have greater achievements in the future.
The building form without caisson is called top-down construction.
Yangzhou Eight Eccentrics Memorial Hall relies on a temple called West Temple. In short, "getting up early without profit" should be beneficial to the economic value of leisure tourism brought by ancient celebrities. As one of the city's business cards, "Yangzhou Eight Eccentrics" will enhance the cultural level of the city. Because this is the place where Jin Nong, one of the eight eccentrics, lived in his later years, a memorial hall was set up here. "There are no dignitaries, no nobles. A group of lucky outcasts, ill-fated vagrants. A freak, a freak, and a strange person. The suffocation of the times and the pain of wisdom have forced everyone to rise suddenly and become unique in the art world. " This passage is a historical evaluation of the Eight Eccentrics in Yangzhou and a vivid portrayal of the Eight Eccentrics in Yangzhou.
As soon as they entered the door, a couplet in front of the main hall made people feel their personality: "Simplify the Sanqiu tree by deleting the complexity, and bring new February flowers with different standards." In the square in front of the hall, there is an enlarged stone carving with their seal. Looking back, it was Zheng Banqiao who wrote Song Huan Ancient Yangzhou. The main exhibition hall of the memorial hall is Nanmu Hall in Ming Dynasty, and the architectural pattern at the top of the hall is more distinctive. In technical terms, it is called "complete Ming system", that is, carvings and paintings are all over the beam frame, but no caissons are used. The exhibition of the memorial hall starts from the historical background of the appearance of the Eight Eccentrics in Yangzhou, and states the artistic achievements of the Eight Eccentrics in Yangzhou. The "eight" here means not only these eight people, 15 people are all listed in the hall. There are many works left by the Eight Eccentrics in Yangzhou, and more than 2,000 pieces of their works are listed in the national 15 museums.
For the evaluation of "Yangzhou Eight Eccentrics", it is generally believed that they have similar life experiences and thoughts and feelings. Most of them came from the intellectual class, some never worked as officials, and some worked as small officials after the imperial examination, but they were all dismissed or resigned, and finally made a living by selling paintings. They attach importance to individuality, strive for innovation, break through the traditional aesthetic norms to varying degrees, and have certain anti-traditional significance. What we are familiar with is Zheng Banqiao's "rare confusion". But they were not fully understood by the mainstream society at that time, and even regarded as "leftists" and "criticized". Perhaps it is also the case that the east is not bright and the west is bright. They created a new situation in painting and broadened the road for the development of flower-and-bird painting.
What's more, they are well aware of corruption in officialdom, so they have formed a character of contempt for powerful people and debauchery. They express their inner resentment with the help of calligraphy and painting. In fact, they think that if they have the opportunity to be an official or a big official, they should still be willing. After all, intellectuals are all wool, always looking for their own skin, at least in most social forms. When the political and economic structure of a society has solidified, cultural people begin to actively or passively look for their dependent objects, some of whom are rich and powerful. It is not bad to complain and lead a little fresh life. As Zheng Banqiao himself said, "Words are unique, and calligraphy and painting are unwilling to be praised by ordinary people. The Tang Dynasty had its own country, and the people laughed at me as a Banqiao monster. "
After the main hall, Jinnong lived in a small place with a bunch of green plantains in the corner of the yard. While admiring the clusters of plantains swaying in the rain, the talented farmer touched the scene and wrote an evocative poem: "It's too green for a monk to dream, and plantains are born near the short wall." The leaves in Qiu Lai are raining relentlessly, which is the sound of your head turning white. "Jin Nong believed in Buddhism in his later years, painting Buddhism and writing scriptures. Here, the Buddhist chanting hall, bedroom and studio have been restored. In the temple, he wrote a poem on the wall: "Without Buddha and Monk, Yi Deng is empty. A glass of Beijing wine kills a vine. Dream today, but don't be old. How do you like it here? The crane on the pool peeped at the ice. "We can feel that the situation at that time was very bleak. The painter was lying alone with only one shadow. However, this respectable man is "too old to be old" and never follows the trend. He would rather "peek on the ice" than remain elegant and noble, and win people's memory with his character and artistic products. In the autumn of the 28th year of Qianlong (1763), Jinnong died of illness here. There is an oil painting by Li Yaru, a famous painter, on the edge of Jinnong's residence.
The ancient canal flowing through Yangzhou has been flowing for thousands of years, and it also contains the ups and downs of countless dynasties. Literati, poets, senior officials, dignitaries living in temples, and literati who have been fettered for half a century can generally sing the ups and downs of the world and the ups and downs of officialdom.
Appendix: Introduction to Eight Eccentrics
Zheng Xie (Banqiao) is from Xinghua County, Yangzhou Prefecture. After reading a lot of poetry books, he resigned from the magistrate at the age of 54 and sold calligraphy and painting for a living. When his paintings were very famous, he had the reputation of "three unique poems and paintings, and one official returned". Banqiao has a unique calligraphy style and is called "Banqiao Style". Those who praise it think his style is unique and follow it. Degraders think that they are pen and ink games and cannot write calligraphy; Banqiao, on the other hand, calls itself "the word of electric shock". In his later years, Banqiao mainly painted Zhu Lan. The bamboo he painted is called "Zhu Zheng". He painted with emotion and wrote bamboo with emotion. His works of art are immortal.
Jinnong, Tathagata's youngest brother, was born in Zhejiang. Jin Nong studied in thousands of books and went to Wan Li Road. At the age of 37, he began to travel abroad. From 50 to 64 years old, he often traveled between Hangzhou and Yangzhou, and settled in Yangzhou after 64 years old. Jin Nong is good at official script, and his calligraphy style is strange and ancient. He changed his previous calm and beautiful style, and his brush strokes were very different in thickness and his style was extremely unstable. He is called "lacquer calligraphy". I like painting bamboo, flowers, vegetables and so on. , and my painting style is different. Live in a temple.
Shan Li, an official who doesn't sell paintings. Zheng Banqiao said, "Twenty years of debauchery, dogs and horses, and painters are three thousand miles long."
Li shan's life is very difficult. His paintings have a wide range of subjects and unique brushwork. It is said that he is especially good at using water. Many of his works are still colorful and moist after several years, and ink is about to drip.
Huang Shen, a native of Yingpiaoshan, was born in Fujian and came to Yangzhou at the age of 37. Because the ladle made of cherry wood is carried with you, it is named "Piaoshan Man". He made friends with calligraphy and painting, and Zheng Banqiao and others. In the later period, he was good at drawing characters, taking the instantaneous dynamics of characters and randomly selecting them, all of which became wonderful works. He also painted plants, which has a wide range of ways and great influence.
Tea fairy Wang was born in Anhui. Because he loves tea, he is called tea fairy. He has a saying that he loves plum blossoms and bitter tea all his life. Living in poverty in his later years, he was blind at the age of 67. There is a saying that he loves plum blossoms and tea all his life. Living in poverty in his later years, he was blind at the age of 67, which was undoubtedly worse for Wang Shi, who made a living by selling paintings. Three years later, Jin Nong said in the title of a poem that Wang's sudden exhibition of paper made him feel like an ordinary person. Whether Wang has blind books has not been confirmed.
"Shi Tao Xiao You" Gao Xiang (word Fenggang) is from Yangzhou. He and Shi Tao (Shi Tao is a descendant of Zhu Yuanzhang and the tenth grandson of Zhu Zanyi, the second generation king of Jingjiang) are both good at calligraphy and painting. Becoming a monk in the early Qing Dynasty was deeply felt. Shi Tao died, and Gao Xiang was only 20 years old. Gaoxiang visits the grave every year. Shi Tao is good at painting plums and has many poems. When he was a teenager, he was named after poetry. At the age of 67.
Li (word Qingjiang), nicknamed "Baishan", was born in Tongzhou. He has the ambition of being an official and wants to paint as much as possible. At the age of 54, he bid farewell to his official career. In his inscription, he said: "I went to the sea as an official for nine years and painted behind closed doors. He laughs at himself for being brave, but he still loves the wind. " He often paints with ink, not sticking to one pattern, and he is proud of what he has done. I used to paint with Zheng Banqiao. He died at the age of 60.
Luo Pin, a monk from a flower bed, was born in Yangzhou. Diligent reading and painting, there is a saying that "painting thirteen subjects and reading five thousand volumes of strange books". The plum blossoms he painted are known as "living plum blossoms", and the people and ghosts he painted are highly respected. "The brushwork is lofty and elegant, and the thought is profound and elegant ..."
At the age of 67.
Gao (word Xiyuan) is from Jiaozhou, Shandong Province. His father was a juren during the reign of Kangxi. He is good at painting and writing poems, which had a great influence on his youth. Therefore, he was able to write poems and paintings since he was a child. Nineteen-year-old scholar. At the age of 45, he began to enter the official career. At that time, he already had poetry collections "Strike Forest Collection" and "Lake and Sea Collection". He wandered around, made many famous friends and had quite rich experience. Poetry and painting are rich and have great social influence. At the age of 55, he was falsely accused of going to prison. He once wrote: "I don't have to swear to be a tiger, but I don't want to be serious." The old disease hangs its head and laughs at itself. Who will wash the ice and snow? "What he said was the sudden failure of his right arm. ) I will write with my left hand. Self-styled "Tins Disabled" and "Tins Half Man". Left-handed creation, reputation soared. Zheng Banqiao said that his painting is "When you wake up after a sleep, the dragon will spread its claws, and Nanshan will be blue". In the thirteenth year of Qianlong, Gao died at home at the age of 65.
"Vulgar among reeds" (word) is a native of Huai 'an, Jiangsu Province, who lives in a place with reeds. Bian Fu is a scholar's family, and Bian Shoumin's family is very poor. At the age of 265,438+0, he was a scholar, returned after having obtained the provincial examination, and devoted himself to artistic creation. Bian's poetry, prose and painting skills, as well as his speech and writing style, are highly respected by the art world. Bian Shoumin is especially good at painting Lu Yan. He knew the body movements of wild geese like the palm of his hand, and was once called "Border Goose". His works have been appreciated by celebrities such as Banqiao. When Bian was 52 years old, he built a bookstore among the reeds in the middle of the water and built a bridge to connect them. "The door opened and faced the fisherman. Among the weeping willows, there are several beds of chrysanthemums and half fences. "Bian died at the age of 69.
Hua Yan, a native of Xinluo Mountain (word Desong), is from Shanghang, Fujian. Shanghang was called Silla in ancient times, and Hua Yan named it "Silla Mountain", also known as "Baisha Mountain", to show that he did not forget Mulberry. Hua Yan was a craftsman when he was young. He paints kiln porcelain and murals. 2/kloc-settled in Hangzhou at the age of 0, and went to Yangzhou to sell paintings at the age of 43. His paintings have a wide range of subjects, and he is good at landscapes, flowers and birds, and figures. At first, his business was not prosperous. During her stay in Yangzhou, Hua Yan kept close contacts with Zheng Xie, Jin Nong, Shan Li and others. Hua Yan is getting older, but he strives for perfection in art and absorbs the strengths of various factions. His works are very popular. Seventy years old, selling paintings in Yangzhou for the last time, and as a result, he was seriously ill. Huayan Road "My life is as light as a leaf, floating in the waves ..." At the age of 75, Huayan died.
"Yu Jisheng" Chen Chuan (first. Yu Ji), a native of Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, now lives in Hangzhou, and began to collect poems at the age of 30. Chen Zhuan should be 23 years old in Yangzhou. He is unsociable and doesn't want to associate with dignitaries. He often paints with Wang, Gao Xiang and Wan E in Linglong Mountain House in Mari, Yangzhou. Flowers are simple and elegant, especially plum blossoms. He is the only painter among the Eight Eccentrics in Yangzhou who doesn't sell paintings for a living. When I was 80.
Li Wei, a poor poet, was born in Huaining, Anhui. Scholars among teenagers. Poetry, good landscape, fine feather flowers. Taste Yangzhou gardens and the Hongqiao Range Rover painted by Lu, who was famous all over the world at that time. Li Wei has a good relationship with Yangzhou's high-ranking people and others. Because of the high unjust imprisonment, Li Jue stayed in Yangzhou for repaying his kindness, and his life was quite difficult. Since then, he has been down and out. About 64 years old, it is said that he died on a boat in a quarry. Left more than 160 poems.
Minzhen (word Zhengzhai), a "Buddhist in Liao and Tang Dynasties", was born in Hubei. His parents died at the age of 65,438+02, and his life was very difficult. He studied painting in Wei Wu in Ming Dynasty in his early years and was good at freehand brushwork figures. His painting style is chic and lively, and he can also paint landscapes, flowers and birds. His pen and ink are very Ju Ran's style, and he has great courage. Handed down from ancient times, the works include "Banana Stone Map" and "Flower Map". Min Zhen's figure painting has two ways: thick brush and meticulous brush. For example, "Min Zhen's figure painting has two kinds of painting methods: thick brush and meticulous brush, and the thick brush and meticulous brush, such as" Eight sons watching the lights "and" A picture of a lady printed in coke ". The meticulous figure painting is neat and gorgeous, and such a portrait of a layman is in the hall. ","Mrs. Bajiaoyin "and so on. The meticulous figure painting is neat and gorgeous, and such a "laity statue" appears in the hall. "Yangzhou Museum now has his Eight Scenery Lights.