He studied painting with his father since he was a child, and he has hobbies. For inspirational painting, one is that China is backward and bullied by foreign countries, and the other is that he is despised by international students when he goes abroad for further study.
brief introduction
At the age of 9, Xu Beihong formally studied painting with his father. Every day after lunch, he copied a painting by Wu Youru, a famous painter in the late Qing Dynasty, and learned painting skills such as color mixing and setting. /kloc-at the age of 0/0, he has been able to help his father make up the minor part of the picture and write Spring Festival couplets such as "Peace through the year and Happy Birthday" for the villagers. 13 years old, moved to rural towns with his father, selling paintings for a living and supporting his family. Although the life away from home is hard, it enriches Xu Beihong's experience and broadens his artistic vision. /kloc-at the age of 0/7, Xu Beihong went to Shanghai, the most developed city at that time, to make a living by selling paintings, and wanted to take the opportunity to learn western paintings. However, a few months later, my father was seriously ill and had to go back to his hometown. The ambitious Xu Beihong came to Shanghai again at the age of 20 and started a new life. With the help of friends, he was admitted to Aurora University sponsored by the French Catholic Church, which laid a certain French foundation for studying in France in the future. During this period, I got to know Zhou Xiang, a famous oil painter, and Gao, a representative of Lingnan School of Painting, and got their praise and guidance in painting, which enhanced my confidence in painting creation. He also met Kang Youwei, the leader of the Reformists, and established his own creative ideas under his influence. Under the influence of Kang's artistic concept of "despising the Four Kings and praising the Song Dynasty", he belittled the "Four Kings" who only emphasized pen and ink but did not seek novelty, and thought that only the realistic paintings of Wu Daozi, Yan, Huang Quan in the Five Dynasties, Li Cheng and Fan Kuan in the Northern Song Dynasty were profound and wonderful. With the support of Kang Youwei, he observed the development of various famous ancient monuments, and devoted himself to copying Stone Valley, Yan Long Monument, Zhang Menglong Monument and Shimen inscription. , get the essence of the north monument, so that calligraphy can grow. Later, he received a grant to study fine arts in Tokyo, Japan. In Japan, Xu Beihong appreciated a large number of treasures and masterpieces collected by public and private, and deeply felt that Japanese painters could be realistic and realistic in their creation, but they lacked the brushwork of China literati painting on Mo Yun, and did not hint at Piaomao's style.
After returning from Japan, Xu Beihong was hired as the tutor of "Painting Research Association" in Peking University. During my stay in Beijing, I got to know Cai Yuanpei, Chen Shiceng, Mei Lanfang, Lu Xun and other celebrities from all walks of life, and was deeply influenced by the ideological trend of the New Culture Movement, and established the idea of democracy and science.
Study tirelessly in Europe.
With the support of Beiyang government, 24-year-old Xu Beihong went to France to study painting. At the beginning of his arrival in Europe, he visited the British Museum, the National Gallery of France, the exhibition of the Royal Academy of Sciences and the Louvre Museum of France, and witnessed a large number of outstanding works since the Renaissance. Xu Beihong deeply felt that his Chinese paintings in the past were "clumsy and clumsy, unable to move the rope, like a horse without reins." Therefore, he studied painting hard, was admitted to the Paris School of Fine Arts, studied under Mr. Fleming, and began to receive formal western painting education. Fleming is good at figure painting with historical themes. His paintings pay attention to the harmonious collocation and contrast of colors, which has a great influence on the formation of Xu Beihong's oil painting style later.
Xu Beihong likes to train the basic skills of western painting every day. He studies at the Paris Academy of Fine Arts in the morning, paints models at Syrion Academy in the afternoon, and sometimes finds time to watch various exhibitions. During this period, he was lucky enough to meet Dayang, a disciple of the famous painter Crowe, and came to Yang's studio for advice with his paintings every Sunday. The artistic thought of advocating "don't be obsessed with fashion, don't be complacent" and paying attention to silent painting had a great influence on him, which made him not follow the increasingly prosperous modernist painting style in France at that time, but study the academic art since the European Renaissance in a down-to-earth manner, and master the skillful painting skills while inheriting the rigorous and perfect modeling characteristics of classical art. After four years of studying abroad, Xu Beihong's painting level has reached the level of European artists at the same time, and his oil painting "The Old Lady" was selected for the French National Art Exhibition.
Because the Beiyang government once interrupted tuition fees, Xu Beihong was forced to transfer to Berlin, Germany, where the consumption level was low. There, Xu Beihong still missed every opportunity to study. He consulted the painter CommScope, went to the museum to copy the paintings of the famous painter Rembrandt, and often went to the zoo to draw various animals such as lions, tigers and horses to improve his sketching ability.
When Xu Beihong regained the funds for studying abroad, he immediately returned to France from Germany to continue his studies. He seized every inch of time, with the formal systematic training of famous teachers and his unremitting efforts, his painting level improved day by day, and he created a series of excellent sketches and oil paintings with portraits, human bodies and landscapes as themes, such as Portrait of Cats, Old Man Holding a Stick and Self-portrait.
At the end of his trip to Europe, Xu Beihong also visited Brussels, Belgium, Milan, Florence, Rome and Switzerland. He was intoxicated by the beautiful exotic scenery and benefited a lot from the excellent works of European painting masters. His eight-year career in Europe shaped his aesthetic taste, creative ideas and artistic style for the rest of his life.
As if nothing had happened.
When Xu Beihong studied painting in Paris, France in his early years, he received an invitation letter from international students in the art world, asking to participate in a painting competition. He was late for painting. As soon as he entered the hall, he saw an empty seat and sat down. He looked around the scene and found that people sitting on both sides were staring at him with different eyes. What's going on here? Looking again, I found myself sitting in the middle of the chief. Xu Beihong realized that his heart was pounding. Just go down quietly? No, you can't go down there! I can't embarrass the people of China. He just sits on it.
"Xu Beihong casually sitting on the chief" is what I said.
Then Xu Beihong defeated the provocation of some foreigners with his superb skills and won a reputation for China people!
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Horses in Xu Beihong's Works
Xu Beihong is good at using horses as metaphors and objects to express his patriotic enthusiasm. The horse in Xu Beihong's works is a "horse that flows forever", full of vitality and heroism. Xu Beihong painted many galloping horses in his life, and the most famous one is the one on the right. Judging from the inscription of this painting, this galloping horse was made in the second Changsha Battle in the autumn of 194 1. At this time, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression was in a stalemate, and the Japanese army wanted to completely defeat China before launching the Pacific War, making the Kuomintang government kneel, so they tried their best to launch the Changsha Battle repeatedly in an attempt to get through the throat of the north-south traffic in Chongqing. Our side was defeated in the second battle, and Changsha was occupied by Japanese invaders. Xu Beihong, who is holding an art exhibition in Penang, Malaysia, is worried when he hears that the national disaster is coming. He painted "Running Horse" overnight to express his anxiety. In this painting, Xu Beihong uses rich and unrestrained pen and ink to outline the turning parts such as the head, neck, chest and legs, and uses a dry pen to sweep out the mane tail, which changes naturally. The straight line of the horse's leg is thin and powerful, like a steel knife, penetrating the back of the paper, while the arc of the abdomen, buttocks and mane tail is very elastic and dynamic. On the whole, the front of the picture is big and the back is small, with a strong sense of perspective, and the legs and horse's head stretching forward have a strong impact, which seems to break through the picture. The horses painted by Xu Beihong in his early days are quite indifferent to poetry, showing a state of "looking back on loneliness". After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, Xu Beihong realized that artists should not be confined to the narcissism of art, but should share the fate with the country and put their artistic creation into a fiery life, so his horse became a symbol of national spiritual awakening. However, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, his horse became a symbol of "the mountains and rivers have returned to democracy and the rugged road has been leveled". It is still galloping, but less anxious and more cheerful. A picture with six horses is called "running horses". This painting is 3.26 meters high and 1. 12 meters wide. It is the largest original painting of Ma Bentu by Xu Beihong, who is listed as a national first-class cultural relic. The master used bold ink splashing and beautiful line drawing to describe the charm and temperament of the horse. Ma Xiongjun in the painting is vigorous and delicate, with the aesthetic feeling of "thin bones and copper sound", and the galloping horse is vigorous and powerful. This picture of running a horse not only shows the spirit and characteristics of the horse, but also gives the painter his own personality and ideal-to fight for the revitalization of national art! This painting is Xu Beihong. He runs with six horses and observes them. Go home and draw what he thinks is the best part. Look! These six horses have different manners and movements. Some are flying on all fours; Some feet tilt up after landing; Yes ... Xu Beihong deserves to be a painter. The horses in his painting "Running Horse" are lifelike. He took me into the painting. 1962 In the spring, Premier Zhou Enlai visited Baoguang Temple. When he saw the "galloping horse" nave of Xu Beihong, he was amazed. After personally measuring the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the painting, he said, "This is the largest painting I have ever seen and should be properly preserved."
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Xu Beihong is an inspirational painter.
One day, an international student said rudely to Xu Beihong, "xu teacher, I know I appreciate it."
I value you very much, but don't think that you can become a painter by entering Dayang's door. You China people go to heaven for further study.
Can't be a talent! "
Xu Beihong was angered, but he knew that people's ignorance and prejudice could not be changed by argument, and he had to use facts to get to know the real China people again.
Since then, Xu Beihong has worked harder. He runs day and night like a tireless steed.
The foreign student was shocked to see Xu Beihong's works. He found Xu Beihong, bowed and said:
"I admit that China people are very talented. It seems that I made a mistake. In Chinese, that's' yes'.
I don't know mount tai. "
Xu Beihong painted horses.
Xu Beihong, an outstanding painter, especially loves painting horses. Many of his fine horses have become art treasures.
1in the spring of 934, Xu Beihong went to Moscow State Museum to hold an exhibition of paintings for the audience. On that day, the audience packed the exhibition hall. Xu Beihong calmly grinds ink and spreads paper. In an instant, a live horse appeared on the paper. The audience was conquered by Xu Beihong's superb skills, and thunderous applause rang out in the hall. At that time, a burly marshal walked through the crowd, walked to the front of Xu Beihong and said politely:
"Mr Xu, can I have this picture? Otherwise, I will go crazy! "
Xu Beihong was moved by the marshal's sincerity. He nodded and smiled, wrote an inscription and handed the painting to the marshal. The marshal was very happy, as if he had won the battle. He embraced Xu Beihong warmly and praised loudly: "xu teacher, you are not only the magic pen of the East, but also the magic pen of the world. The horse you wrote is more magnificent than the horse I rode! "
Because Xu Beihong often paints horses, he has a preference for horses. With the horse, listening to the sound of hooves and watching the horse gallop in the wind, he felt it was a spiritual enjoyment. His heart seems to run with the horse.
Liao recalled in the book Biography of Xu Beihong that once he took a carriage in Chengdu, and the driver was a kind old man. He loved horses very much and was good at raising them. He raised his whip, and the old chestnut horse raised its beautiful hoof and galloped forward happily. Xu Beihong likes to treat horses like this. He got out of the carriage and the coachman was busy preparing water and feed for the horse. "This is for you." Mr. Xu Beihong suddenly said to the coachman, take out a folded horse-running map from his handbag. He painted this only last night.
The coachman raised his wrinkled forehead in disbelief and squinted at Xu Beihong as if he didn't understand him. "Grandpa," Liao explained aside, "this is a painting for you." The coachman's muddy eyes suddenly lit up. He took the photo in both hands and repeatedly said, "Thank you, thank you." The driver's eyes are wet. "I met a good man. This morning, I saw a magpie flying to my window. I thought, maybe something happy will come, but as a poor old man, what else can I have? " Now, it really works! "He nagged again, and at the same time, he pulled up the cuff of his left arm with his right hand and wiped away the tears that flowed on his cheeks.
Mr. Xu Beihong held the coachman's rough hands and said goodbye again and again before leaving him.
"Sir, why do you suddenly want to give an unknown coachman a picture? Besides, he doesn't know who you are. Are you a little too generous? " Liao asked him in surprise.
He replied very gently, "Because I love horses, and I love people who are kind to them." Look at this coachman. He can handle horses very skillfully and treat them as his family. His love for horses touched my heart and moved me, not to mention his hard life! "Listen to Mr. Xu Beihong, I am also very touched.
Horses can best reflect Xu Beihong's personality and express his thoughts and feelings. Xu Beihong's horse is loved by people. In addition to his efforts, more importantly, he devoted himself wholeheartedly to it, turning this emotion into a spirit and expressing it with horses as the carrier.
In the eyes of China people, horses have always been a symbol of talent and national passion. Xu Beihong, who is obsessed with reality, painted horses again and again just because he felt something and expressed his mind. Xu Beihong's horse never wears a reins, but in the nine-square-high picture, the black mare wears a reins exceptionally. Someone asked Hong Bei why, and Hong Bei replied with a smile: "Horses, like people, are willing to be used by confidants instead of being used by fatuities."
Living in poverty, learning painting.
As we all know, art costs a lot of money, mainly paper and pigments. Xu Beihong worked hard at painting and had to scrimp and save on paper, pens and paints. Therefore, Xu Beihong's life is very poor, which shows that Xu Beihong studies painting very hard.