His calligraphy is vigorous and vigorous, and his words are rigorous and meticulous. From the characteristics of Chinese characters, Wang Xizhi, a beginner, and Yan Zhenqing, a later teacher, are both famous for their thinness and strength. The regular script they wrote is attractive, and the running script and regular script are the most exquisite. Liu Gongquan's calligraphy is called "Liu Style" because of its unique works. Tang Muzong asked Liu Gongquan how to use a pen, and Gong Quan replied: "With a pen in your heart, your heart is always there." Mu Zong was moved by it. Mo Chi, edited by Zhu in Song Dynasty, said: "The running script is the best, but the grass is not. Its law is based on beauty, but it is rich and famous in the world. " "Old Tang Book" says: "Gong Li studied Wang Shu first, read all the modern books, and became a family of his own. At that time, ministers' memorial tablets were not allowed to write calligraphy, which was considered unfilial. Foreigners pay tribute and buy willow books here without signing money. "
Liu Gongquan's official letter, carved as a horizontal stone, is 12 * * * words, each line is 1 1 words. The original stone was destroyed in the Song Dynasty. The only Tang rubbings were found in Dunhuang Grottoes and are now in the Paris Museum. This is Liu Shu's early masterpiece. His brushwork is meticulous, thin, vigorous and charming; The structure is meticulous, taking the shape of longitudinal length, tight in the middle palace, spreading in all directions, and pulling it out with clear strength. "Six Valley" can be known here, and so can Liu Jizhong's books. Ji Yun said: "The Diamond Sutra is linked with Liu Xie's theory of Zhong (Zhi), Wang (Zhi), Ou (Zhi), Yu (Zhi), Chu (Sui) and Lu (Cambodia). Today's test of his book is a must, especially valuable. " (Postscript of Guang Chuan)
"Li Sheng Monument" (829, 52 years old) is located in Gaoling County, Shaanxi Province. The monument is one foot four inches high and five feet eight inches wide, with 34 lines of 6 1 words. Pei Du wrote, Liu Gongquan wrote, and sealed the forehead. This monument was already full of flowers and stones in the Ming Dynasty. Sun Qing Chengze's Summer of Gengzi said: "Although the words are peeling off, they are still available at first glance." Compared with the Diamond Sutra, it strengthens the concepts of firmness, angularity, pointedness, straightness and straightness. But in some places, the words seem stiff and cramped.
Hui Yuan Guan Lou Ming Xu (836, 59 years old)
The stone was placed horizontally, with 20 crosses in 4 1 row, which was carved by Shao Jian and others. 1986 1 1 was unearthed outside Heping Gate in Xi 'an.
This tablet is full of charm and meticulous brushwork, with Fang Bi as the main pen and round pen as the supplement, which is vigorous and powerful. Its structure often changes in dislocation, such as the words "squat", "bell" and "building" in the left and right structures, and the left side is moved up to form a knot with short left and long right, seeking rhyme and interest in the imbalance. Liu Shu is gradually going to another depth.
Su Feng Monument (837, 60 years old)
The Book of Liu Gongquan was written by Wang Qi, with a total of 4 1 line and 83 words. It is a forest of steles in Shizang 'an. His books are refreshing, fast, healthy and full of energy. It seems to indicate that a more exquisite "Liu Ti" is about to be born. In the following five or six years, the mysterious tower and the Shence Army came out one after another and became the standard of the Millennium regular script. "Summer of Gengzi" quoted Yang Yongxiu as saying: "Feng Shangshu Monument is second only to (Yu Shinan) Temple Monument." "Graphite Seal Carving China" said: "This monument is slightly better than the Xuanta Monument, but not as good as Xue Ji's Flying Goose. Yang Yongxiu Yunya's Temple Monument has passed. "
Monument to this mountain (838,61year)
Li Zongmin wrote it, Liu Gongquan wrote it and sealed it, and Shao Jian carved it. Thirty-one lines, sixty-two words, the monument is one foot high and four feet five inches wide, which is the most prominent among the willow monuments. Stone was destroyed in Fuping County during the "Ten-year turmoil". This monument enjoys a high reputation from ancient times to the present, and it has been recorded in Jin Shi Lu, Bao Lei Ke Bian and Ji Gu Zhen. Although the characters of this monument and the Su Feng Monument are smaller than those of the Mystery Tower Monument, they are just as bold, profound in words, meticulous in structure and rational in spirit. Sun Chengze's "More Summer Purple" said: "His book also has the reason that Shan Juan is invincible in Luo Qi." This means that there is a charm in majesty.
Mysterious Tower Monument (84 1, 64 years old)
Pei Xiu wrote an article, Liu Gongquan wrote it, sealed it, and Shao Jianhe and Shao Jianchu carved it. * * * 28 lines, 54 words, stone deposit Xi 'an forest of steles. Shu's "Inscription on Virtual Boat" said: "Sincerity is precision work." Wang Mingshizhen's "Yizhou Mountain Man Draft" says: "This monument is the most exposed in Liu Shu." Its bones are vigorous and vigorous, its bones and muscles are particularly exposed, and it is vigorous and charming; The knot is slender, the size is quite patchy, rich and changeable, looking forward to flying and smooth lines. The whole monument is excellent without any slack.
The Monument to the Shence Army (843, 66 years old) was written by Cui Xuan and written by Liu Gongquan in memory of Tang Wuzong Li Yan's visit to Zuo Shen.
Liu Gongquan and Zhao Mengtie
Military policy. The monument is located in the forbidden area of the palace and cannot be circulated casually, so it is circulated less. Beijing Library has rubbings of the Northern Song Dynasty. This monument and the mysterious tower are separated by two years, with similar overall style, rigorous statutes and strong spirit, but there are also some differences. The "mysterious tower" is extremely vigorous and healthy, and this monument is abundant; The former is extremely exposed, while the latter is gentle and respectful; The former is more flattering and the latter is heavier. This engraver is also very meticulous, and he still thinks that Liu Shu is the best handed down from generation to generation. Sun Chengze said: "There is a gentle gesture in calligraphy, which is his most proud stroke." Among Liu Gongquan's regular script, the most far-reaching influence is the county monument and the announcement monument.
The Book of Liu Gongquan was written by Wei Bo. It was written in Yuan Dynasty, with 37 lines and 65 words in regular script. The font of this tablet is small, but the writing style is beautiful. Yang Shoujing noticed its "elegance" in "Learning Your Words". Look at the stone tablet carefully with a round pen, such as the word "country". The right corner is deformed into a circle, and the right straight down is also a crossbow. The word "Si" of "Situ" suddenly bends down to the right, which is clumsy, and the word "Dao" of "Shinto" is also wrong. After seventy, Liu Gongquan's book is also changing.
Liu Gongquan, 36 lines and 60 words, written by Tang, was originally published by Ann. The tablet is broken and scattered, and it can't be worn completely. At first, there were only five stone heads. The age of this monument is unknown. Wang Chang's collection of stone carvings is considered to be at the end of Xian Tong (874), and the collection of treasure carvings is considered to be six years old (852). This monument is graceful and elegant, and the willow book is vigorous. Looking closely, it has reached the realm of elegance. His strokes are quite pitch, such as "Shang" and "Wu"; The conclusion of the word is quite inclined, such as the center of gravity of "thing" and "country" is to the right; Another example is the "Food City 500" business, which makes you find everything you need and enjoy it.
Liu Gongquan's book, written by Xiao Ye, is in Luoyang, Henan. The monument is over a foot high and four feet wide. Regular script has 33 lines and 79 words. The forehead is printed with the handwriting "The Tang Dynasty official gave the official a right servant to shoot a tombstone, a senior official in Bohai", with four lines and two horizontal lines. Kang Youwei said, "There is a dragon leaping and tiger lying in the north of Henan Province." (The Book of Changes in Guang Yi) Yang Qingshoujing said in the Book of Learning: "The monument of' Gao' is especially perfect. From the end of the year, although there are authors, it is impossible to open the door by yourself. " "Yue Long Tiger Lying" is a metaphor for the strength of his calligraphy. The latter is called perfection, which has reached the realm of perfection.
According to legend, Liu Gongquan was born in Huayuan (now Yaoxian County, Shaanxi Province) in the Tang Dynasty. When he was young, his handwriting was terrible, and he was often scolded by his husband and father for his crooked handwriting. Xiao Gongquan is very strong and determined to practice his handwriting well. After more than a year of hard work day and night, his calligraphy has made great progress. Compared with his friends of the same age in Liu Jiayuan, the word public rights has become the best in the village.
Since then, his big characters have been praised by classmates and teachers, and even the stern father has a smile on his face, which makes Xiao Gongquan feel very proud.
One day, Liu Gongquan and several friends laid a square table under the old mulberry tree near the village and held a "book meeting", agreeing that everyone would write a big word and watch each other's games. Gong Quan soon wrote an article. At this time, an old man selling tofu brain put down his burden and came to the mulberry tree to enjoy the cool. He watched the children practice calligraphy with great interest. Liu Gongquan handed over his own handwriting and said, "Grandpa, do you think my handwriting is good?" The old man took it and read it. It said, "I will write about Feng Fei's family background and dare to boast in front of others." The old man thought the child was too proud, frowned and hesitated for a while before saying, "I think this word is not well written and deserves to be praised in front of others." This word is like a tofu brain in my burden. It is soft and brittle, with no bones and no body. Is it worth bragging about in front of people? Several friends stopped to listen carefully to the old man's comments. Seeing that the old man had written his own handwriting in a mess, Xiao Gongquan said unconvinced, "People say my handwriting is good, but you say it's not good. Write a few words if you can. Let me see! "
The old man smiled brightly and said, "No, no! My father is a boor and can't write well. However, some people write with their feet much better than you! Do not believe that you go to Huajing! "
Xiao Gongquan was angry at first, thinking that the old man was scolding him. Later, I thought of the kind face and hearty laughter of the old man.
Liu Gongquan's Li Shusheng tablet
I didn't scold him, so I decided to visit the capital of China. Huajingcheng is more than 40 miles from Liu Jiayuan. The next day, he got up at five o'clock, quietly left a thousand dollars at home, carrying a bag and went to the capital of China alone.
As soon as Liu Gongquan entered Shoumen, the capital of China, he saw a white cloth cover hanging under a big locust tree in North Street, which read "Calligraphy and Painting Soup" in three Chinese characters, with vigorous font and vigorous brushwork. There were many people under the tree, and he squeezed into the crowd to see. He was dumbfounded. I saw a black and thin deformed old man, without arms, sitting barefoot on the ground, his left foot pressing the paper lying on the ground, and his right foot pressing a large sum of money, writing couplets with ease. His pen is like a god, and his words are like a galloping horse, which won the cheers of onlookers.
Xiao Gongquan realized that the old man selling tofu was not lying. He was so ashamed that he thought: Compared with Grandpa Calligraphy and Painting Soup, I am really far behind. He knelt down in front of the calligraphy and painting soup and said, "I want to worship you as a teacher." My name is Liu Gongquan. Please accept me. I hope the master can tell me the secret of writing ... "Calligraphy and painting soup quickly put down the pen in his foot, pulled up Hsiao Kung chuan with his foot and said," I am a lonely freak. I was born without hands. I can't survive. I want to lean on my feet? Kun is alive. Although you can write a few crooked words, how can you be a teacher? "
Xiao Gongquan begged again and again, and the calligraphy and painting soup spread a piece of paper on the ground. He raised a pen on his right foot and wrote: "Write eight jars of water, and the inkstone dyed the pool black;"
If you win hundreds of parents, you will get a phoenix in Yi Long. "
The old man said to Gong Quan, "This is the secret of my writing. I have been writing with my feet since I was a child, and I have been practicing for more than fifty years.
My family has a big vat that can hold eight barrels of water. Eight cylinders of water were used when grinding ink and practicing calligraphy. There is a waterlogging pool half an acre outside my wall. I wash the inkstone in the pool every day after writing. The water in the pool is black. However, my calligraphy practice is far from perfect! "
Liu Gongquan firmly engraved the old man's words in his heart. He deeply thanked the calligraphy and painting soup and reluctantly went back.
Since then, Liu Gongquan has worked hard to practice calligraphy, grinding thick cocoons on his hands and mending his elbows layer by layer. He learned the beauty and richness of Yan style, the openness and elegance of European style, the boldness and boldness of calligraphy and painting soup, and the elegance and charm of palace style. He often watches others pick sheep from cattle and study the skeleton structure, from which he gets inspiration. He also observed wild geese in the sky, fish swimming in the water, running elk and runaway wild horses, and integrated all kinds of beautiful forms of nature into calligraphy art.
Liu Gongquan eventually became a famous calligrapher in Tang Dynasty in China. His word structure is rigorous, rigid and flexible, generous and open, which is cherished by the calligraphy world and is known as "Yan Liu Jin Gu". But Liu Gongquan was still very dissatisfied with his calligraphy until he was old. In his later years, he lived in seclusion in the stork valley (now called Liugou) in the south of Huajing City, specializing in calligraphy and diligently practicing calligraphy until his death at the age of 88.
Liu Gongquan is not only a famous calligrapher, but also an honest and frank person who dares to speak out.
One year, Tang Muzong saw Liu Gongquan's calligraphy in a temple, and he liked it very much. He wants to meet him and talk about calligraphy. Coincidentally, it was not long before Liu Gongquan came from Zhou Xia (now northern Shaanxi) to work in the imperial court and became an official there. When Tang Muzong heard that Liu Gongquan was coming, he invited him to see himself and left him to do the correct gleaning in court (the official responsible for giving advice to the emperor).
One day, Tang Muzong and Liu Gongquan talked about calligraphy together. Tang Muzong asked Liu Gongquan for advice: "Your handwriting is correct and powerful, but I can't write such good handwriting. How can I write with a pen? " After listening to Tang Muzong's question, Liu Gongquan thought: I have long heard that emperors eat, drink and be merry all day, regardless of state affairs. Why don't I take this opportunity to convince him?
So, he said to Tang Muzong, "To write, you must first pick up a pen. The key to using a pen lies in the heart. If the heart is right, the pen can be right! This is the same as a national event, and you can't do it without your heart! "
Hearing Liu Gongquan's words, Tang Muzong knew that he was trying to convince himself with his brushwork, and he couldn't help blushing.
This is only a part. Later, the emperor changed to Tang Wenzong. One day, Tang Wenzong was talking about state affairs with several ministers, and Liu Gongquan was also present. When people say that Emperor Wendi (his story, please see "The Politician", Volume 1) attaches great importance to thrift,
Shence Army Monument
Tang Wenzong raised his sleeves for everyone to see, boasting deliberately: "This dress has been washed three times and is still on me."
A minister present was immediately flattered and said, "Your Majesty, your frugality is even better than that of Emperor Wen of China!"
Several other ministers followed suit. Only Liu Gongquan said nothing. Tang Wenzong was a little unhappy and asked Liu Gongquan, "Why didn't you say a word?"
Liu Gongquan looked at Tang Wenzong and said seriously, "Your Majesty, as the son of heaven, the most important thing for you is to choose people who are talented and capable, but not virtuous. Let the person who rewards be rewarded, and the person who punishes be punished. This is the most precious virtue of the son of heaven! It's good to wear clean clothes, but it's just a trivial matter! " Tang Wenzong listened to Liu Gongquan, wanted to think, and felt very reasonable. He said happily: "Now the noblest and most glorious official position among civil servants is the official who writes official books (the official responsible for drafting imperial edicts). You have already held this position. By rights, I shouldn't let you be a small official like Doctor Jian. However, because you are honest and clean, and have the elegant demeanour of courtiers, I will wronged you to resume the post of exhortation doctor, so that you can remind me at any time.
The next day, Tang Wenzong ordered Liu Gongquan to be the remonstrator.
Later generations only know Liu Gongquan's good words, but they don't know another kind of "Liu Gu"! ! ! !