China is the only one of the four ancient civilizations in the world that has a continuous culture. This cultural process, which is in the same strain and links the past with the future, has created a profound historical heritage of China and left countless national treasures and cultural relics. Every national treasure cultural relic is the mark of history, representing the glory and vicissitudes of a certain dynasty. With the passage of time and turmoil, China has also lost many national treasures and cultural relics. Today, we will talk about the four most valuable and significant top national treasures in China, and their whereabouts are still unknown.
1. Jiuding Jiuding? Is synonymous with China. When Dayu established the Xia Dynasty, he divided the world into Kyushu, and made the top officials of each state contribute bronze and cast Jiuding. From then on, Jiuding became a symbol of national unity and supremacy of kingship. With the change of dynasty, Jiuding became a national treasure. Mozi? Plough Note: Xia Houshi lost, and the Yin people suffered; When the Yin people lost, the Zhou people suffered. Xia Hou, Yin, and Zhou also accepted each other.
By the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the prestige of the Zhou royal family had already plummeted, and various princes began to covet artifacts. Chu Zhuangwang first asked the weight of Jiuding in Luoyi, and from then on? Win the Central Plains? It has become synonymous with spying on the world and striving for kingship.
After Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, Jiuding's whereabouts were unknown. Historians have two theories. One is that Qin Shihuang ordered Jiuding to be transported to Xianyang, and when he passed through Surabaya on the way, Jiuding was too heavy to sink in Surabaya. Later, Qin Shihuang sent thousands of people to the Surabaya River to salvage it, but unfortunately the river surged and ended in failure.
Historical Records? Book of Zen:? Yu received the gold from Jiumu and cast Jiuding. Everyone has tasted the gods and ghosts. When you are blessed, you will prosper, and the tripod will be moved to Xia and Shang Dynasties. When Zhou De declined, the society of the Song Dynasty died, and the tripod was lost, but it was not seen. ?
another way of saying it is that at the end of the Zhou dynasty, the royal family of Zhou dynasty watched the major governors fight for years, and they all came to covet Jiuding. In addition, the financial situation of the royal family of Zhou dynasty was tight, so they melted Jiuding to make copper coins. It is said that Jiuding has disappeared from the outside world, so that the vassal States will not come to win.
second, pass on the imperial seal
since Jiuding disappeared, the most representative symbol of destiny and kingship is Qin Shihuang's pass on the imperial seal. After Qin unified the six countries, Qin Shihuang ordered Prime Minister Lisi to make the national seal, and Lisi sent craftsmen to make it. He Shizhen? Carved into a seal, there is a book written by Lisi at the bottom: I was ordered by heaven to live forever. This seal is four inches in Fiona Fang, with five dragons on it, which is called the imperial seal of the country by later generations.
The imperial seal is the proof of orthodox imperial power. In the eyes of the ancients, what does it mean to get the imperial seal? By destiny? , loss is representative? Have you run out of luck? . Those who claim to be emperors without passing the imperial seal will be regarded by the people? White emperor? .
after the demise of the Qin dynasty, the Han dynasty inherited the Qin system, and the decree of the country naturally went to the emperor of the Han dynasty. Later, when Wang Mang usurped the Han Dynasty, in order to convince the minister, he went to Changle Palace to pass the imperial seal. The queen mother was very angry and dropped the imperial seal on the ground. The imperial seal broke a corner and Wang Mang asked the craftsman to make it up with gold.
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Dong Zhuo made an insurrection. After Sun Jian invaded Luoyang, he found a well shining with golden light. He sent people down to salvage it and got the imperial seal. Later, Yuan Shu robbed the imperial seal from Sun Jian, so he was overjoyed. He believed that his destiny had returned, and he took the lead in claiming the title of emperor, which led to the warlord's * * * attack. After Yuan Shu's death, the decree was handed back to Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty.
The imperial decree was handed down from one dynasty to another. Until the late Tang Dynasty, when Emperor Li Congke was in power, Li Congke held the imperial decree and set himself on fire to prevent it from falling into the hands of Shi Jingtang, an alien traitor. Since then, the imperial seal of the country has disappeared. Although the news of the discovery of the imperial seal of the country has been repeatedly reported in later generations, most of them are fakes.
3. Lanting Preface
Is there? The best running script in the world? The so-called Preface to Lanting was written by Wang Xizhi, a great calligrapher, at a party when he was slightly drunk. After waking up, looking at this ingenious pen, even Wang Xizhi couldn't copy it himself. Preface to Lanting became the pinnacle of Wang Xizhi's work, and he regarded it as a family heirloom.
In the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong liked antique calligraphy and painting. He heard that Wang Zhiyong, a descendant of the seventh generation of the Wangs, had the Preface to Lanting, so he sent someone to cheat him. After getting the Preface to the Lanting Pavilion, Emperor Taizong was overjoyed, saying that the Preface to the Lanting Pavilion was? Perfect? . So I couldn't give up my love, and when I died, I took the Preface to Lanting as my own burial object.
It's a pity that the mausoleum of Emperor Taizong was stolen by a warlord named Wen Tao. What's even more frightening is that this guy is illiterate, and he probably destroyed the Preface to the Lanting Pavilion as junk.
It is also rumored that the Preface to the Lanting Pavilion was not in the tomb of Emperor Taizong, because his son Tang Gaozong also loved the Preface to the Lanting Pavilion very much, so he was trapped in his own dry tomb.
after the founding of new China, Guo Moruo suggested an archaeological dry tomb, but was later stopped by the prime minister and put? Don't take the initiative to dig the emperor's mausoleum? As an established archaeological policy. So is the preface to Lanting, the first running script in the world, in Ganling? Is it well preserved? Only for future generations to solve the mystery.