If you are in junior high school,
Chinese learning focuses on edification, and it is more important to accumulate over time. The so-called learning method seems to be difficult to express clearly in words; But when you think about it carefully, this is not the case-as an independent discipline, its knowledge is self-contained, and it is necessary to use certain methods to master it systematically and standardly. Some people say that there is no good way to learn Chinese, just read more and write more; A top scholar summed up his experience and said that Chinese is not about skills, but about reading. I quite agree with this view, but the premise is what we should read, how to read, what to write and how to write. If students can bury themselves in their studies and look up at the road, they will get twice the result with half the effort. In addition, students should also remember that interest is the best teacher. If you want to learn Chinese well, you must be interested in Chinese first, and interest is cultivated bit by bit. If you make a little progress in Chinese learning every day, in other words, if you can actively and consciously analyze a glyph, master a word, understand a idiom, remember a famous aphorism, appreciate a poem, read an article, appreciate a famous book. Below, I present some Chinese learning methods that people have summed up and my own views on Chinese learning in writing to the students, hoping to help them with their Chinese learning.
1. Preparation for Chinese learning.
Chinese learning needs some necessary preparations, such as reference books. As a junior high school student, you should have Xinhua Dictionary, Modern Chinese Dictionary and Small Dictionary of Chinese Idioms around you. In addition, in order to facilitate the study of classical Chinese, it would be better to have a Dictionary of Ancient Chinese for Students by Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House. Of course, having the reference books mentioned above is only a basic preparation. The key is to form a good habit of consulting dictionaries as long as you read. In the process of Chinese learning, we should also make good use of some related resources: Chinese textbooks, class book corners, school reading rooms, family books and examination resources.
second, a ramble on Chinese learning methods.
1. Five principles of Chinese learning methods
(1) Step by step. Chinese learning should pay attention to the foundation, and avoid being ambitious and eager for success. Every day, I can practice dozens of words carefully, recite a few poems skillfully every week and read a few articles carefully; Read a few famous books and make a few reading notes in one semester, and your Chinese level will improve greatly.
(2) read carefully. According to the dialectical relationship between memory and understanding, memory and understanding should be closely combined, and they should not be neglected. To be familiar with reading, we should achieve "three things": heart, eyes and mouth. "Fine thinking" should be good at questioning and asking difficult questions, and finally solve problems.
(3) self-satisfaction. Just don't study for the sake of studying, you should absorb what you have learned and turn it into your own, so as to combine reading and writing.
(4) the combination of learning and research. Adhere to the combination of extensive reading and intensive reading, both of which should be combined organically.
(5) The extension of Chinese learning is equal to that of life. A dream of red mansions says: everything is clear and knowledgeable, and human feelings are articles. Chinese learning, if confined to the classroom, is not good.
2. Use association and imagination
Association and imagination are always accompanied by learning Chinese. Listening, speaking, reading and writing are inseparable from association and imagination. For example, when we study Zhu Ziqing's "Spring", we can think of the poems we have learned, such as "The sky is drizzly and crisp, and the grass is close at a distance, but there is no horseshoe", "Several early birds compete for warm trees, and whose new swallow pecks at the spring mud", and we can also reproduce the content and scene of the article in our minds through imagination. Through association and imagination, we can enrich the learning content, deepen our understanding of the article, and even process the article. Therefore, in the whole process of Chinese learning, students should consciously cultivate their own ability of association and imagination, and consciously combine the study of language and characters with the perception and thinking of life in the reading process.
3. Actively participate in classroom activities
In school, Chinese learning is mainly manifested in the study of Chinese textbooks under the guidance of teachers. Teachers have teachers' understanding of the articles in textbooks, and teachers' understanding is integrated into teachers' knowledge accumulation and life experience, which is the understanding of adults. Teachers' words and teachers' words are all the words of one family. Students can and should have their own understanding, which incorporates your own knowledge accumulation and life experience. It is the understanding of minors, and maybe your own understanding will be better. If the students dare to express their opinions in class, the teacher must be very happy, because he hopes to exchange ideas, communicate with our hearts and collide with the sparks of wisdom. Active participation in classroom activities can not only activate students' thinking, but also exercise your various abilities. Therefore, students should think more, ask more questions and discuss more, so that classroom activities are rich and varied and colorful.
4. Develop the habit of self-controlled study
Bacon said: "Habit is really a tenacious force, which can dominate life." Therefore, it is very important to develop good study habits. In Chinese learning, we should especially develop good study habits: the words should be written in a proper way, the texts should be read carefully, the exercises should be done in a down-to-earth manner, and the composition should be completed seriously; You should listen attentively, write your homework in a standardized way, finish your homework independently, make a study plan on your own initiative, read more, recite more, think more, often practice writing and read newspapers.
5. Master two learning skills
First, learn to read quickly. In actual study, many students are used to listening to lectures in class and doing homework after class. Even Chinese textbooks are not well read, not to mention reading a lot of extracurricular books. The long-term result is that you can't read, and you don't form skilled reading skills, which poses a serious obstacle to the development of learning. The reading skills I'm talking about here are not simply reading, but thinking while reading, and the ability to read while thinking. It is a skill that can quickly distinguish the primary and secondary articles and grasp the contents of the book according to different styles, contents and forms of expression (it is not easy to do this, but it is very important). This requires students to read more books, pay attention to the characteristics and reading skills of different reading materials, strengthen the combination of reading and thinking, and consciously speed up reading, and gradually form reading skills.
second, take notes. Taking notes is a kind of learning behavior combined with hands-on, which helps to understand and remember knowledge and is a skill that must be mastered. Junior high school students' study notes mainly include classroom notes, reading notes and review notes. In class notes, we should pay attention to recording what the teacher said in combination with the text, instead of copying all the teachers' blackboard books. In reading notes (which will be mainly introduced later), we should pay attention to sketching in circles. The so-called "no reading without moving pen and ink". When reviewing notes, we should pay attention to summarizing and sorting out knowledge, such as mispronounced pronunciation, mispronounced glyphs, common classical Chinese solid words, function words, etc., so as to clarify the knowledge structure and connection. What needs to be pointed out in particular is that no matter what kind of notes, it is necessary to record the difficult problems for centralized processing.
6. Five-time reading method
"If you read a book a hundred times, its meaning will show itself", "If you read thousands of books, you will write like a god". This is, of course, a general term, which emphasizes that books should be read more and more, and it is not really necessary to read a hundred times and read ten thousand volumes. However, if an article can be read several times more, the learning effect will be better. In particular, the articles in the Chinese textbooks used by the students are mostly excellent, and the general articles are not read three or five times, while some articles are still considered less after reading ten times. Now I recommend the "five-time reading method" of a top student in the college entrance examination to students for their reference.
the first time refers to previewing the text that the teacher is going to talk about before class.
The second time refers to studying the text carefully and reviewing the contents of the book that the teacher said after class.
The third time, after learning a unit, you should carefully watch it from the first lesson to the last lesson.
the fourth time is to read the whole book again after learning all the books, combined with the teacher's review guidance.
The fifth and last time, that is, a few days before the exam, in coordination with the study notes and the usual unit testing, I will go through the textbooks roughly and review the key points and difficulties that the teachers usually talk about in class.
7. Tao Xingzhi's "Ten Tips for Reading"
Tao Xingzhi is a famous educator in China, and his "Ten Tips for Reading" will definitely benefit students a lot.
(1) sequence, from shallow to deep, step by step;
(2) Diligence, the industry is good at diligence, and it is neglected in play;
(3) perseverance, perseverance, perseverance;
(4) be knowledgeable, start from the essence and read widely;
(5) ask, don't be ashamed to ask; (Doubt before enlightenment)
[6] Remember, move more with pen and ink, and take more notes;
once you learn, you will learn new things by reviewing old ones; (contact with nature)
? Specialization, concentration, single-mindedness and broadness;
⑼ think, think more, and apply what you have learned;
⑽ innovation, by analogy, dare to innovate.
8. Writing reading notes and making cards
Writing reading notes is helpful to improve students' thinking ability and writing level, but we should pay attention to the following points:
(1) It should be caused by reading (newspapers and periodicals). Without books, it will become other styles. Therefore, notes should generally indicate the source of the material.
(2) It's best to write one question in one note. If there are many contents and feelings, you can write several, and don't mix them up. This is convenient for sorting and later use.
(3) A story, a sentence, a piece of data and a discussion, no matter how big or small, can be written as reading notes. But you must never dismember the original text, distort your wishes, and don't mix your feelings or added materials with the quoted original text.
(4) notes have accumulated a lot, so it is best to sort them out and compile a directory index.
cards are an effective means to accumulate information. Students should learn to make the following two kinds of cards.
the first is a digest card, which mainly extracts famous sayings, good words and passages from celebrities, or relevant contents I need, without mixing my own opinions.
The second is the learning card, which mainly records the reading experience. In fact, it is a special reading note, which emphasizes subjective feelings and has a variety of writing methods, but it always leads to L from the materials you see.
High school words:
Baidu Library has very detailed answers, so directly search for high school Chinese learning methods
I hope it will help you, O(∩_∩)O~