Ink painting teaching and early childhood education
Ink painting teaching and early childhood education, the heritability of intelligence can not be changed, there will be happiness and troubles in the process of growing up, and solving problems is to clear the way for children's development. At this time, hard work will benefit children a lot in the future. Let's share with you the teaching of ink painting and preschool education, and teach you how to educate your children.
ink painting teaching and preschool education 1
I like Chinese painting, so I made a shallow exploration on ink painting teaching. Ink painting is one of the four quintessences of our country. It has a long history, is simple and general, conforms to children's thinking, and is easy to be understood and accepted by children. Through the endless changes of water and pen and ink, it produces vivid, simple, concise and general artistic effects. As a unique artistic expression, ink painting is deeply loved by young children because of its pleasure, visualization, operability and autonomy. Children can promote hand-eye coordination and the development of various abilities through learning, so that they can understand and inherit the cultural heritage of the Chinese nation from an early age and love their motherland. In recent years, our garden has made great efforts in ink painting, and now it has begun to take shape. Briefly talk about our practice and experience.
I don't think we should teach skills for the sake of teaching skills, let alone draw plum, orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum endlessly according to the adult painting method, so as to turn innocent and lively children into "little old men" and "little old women" in senior universities. It's really a pity. Tradition should not be a "model", but a kind of spirit and energy. Based on the above ideas, I made a bold attempt in the teaching of ink painting and achieved obvious activity results.
first, the teaching of ink painting is gamified.
The gamification of teaching is to seek to dissolve the boring knowledge of pen and ink into interesting games, to make pen and ink teaching have a game-like form and interest, to pursue the realm of games, to accumulate a person's quality in games, to dilute the purpose, to strengthen the means, to emphasize the process and to neglect the results.
For example, in the first class I gave to children who were interested in Chinese ink painting, when I stood in front of 3 children with a writing brush, I found that all the children looked at the writing brush in my hand curiously. I even found that some children brought oil painting pens, and my intuition told me that children knew nothing about Chinese ink painting. So I turned around and drew a stroke with ink color change on the rice paper, and then asked the children to observe it carefully. So the child talked noisily, and this asked, "Teacher, why do you draw a deep and shallow ink?" That one said, "It's good to have deep ink and light ink." So I answered the children's strange questions one by one, and explained to them the reasons for the change of ink color, and then showed them pictures with colors, which made all the children scrambling to say that they wanted to draw ink paintings, so I let them make a bold attempt. In this way, children not only have great interest in ink painting, but also have a desire to paint.
Another example is: Teaching Ink Games-Still Life, the first step is for children to be familiar with pen and ink, so in a class before this activity, a game of "Dot, Line and Face" was played with pen and ink. What is "Dot, Line and Face"? That is, let the center and slightly dry ink create all kinds of points and lines, and use the side edge and wet ink to create all kinds of blocks, plus the shades and color changes of ink. Connecting the preceding with the following, still life can also be completed by point-line-surface game, which shapes still life by using surface and point-line. Vases and fruits are sketched or imagined, flowers in vases let imagination, and then excellent works are appreciated, and still life is shaped with ink and wash, thus simplifying the cumbersome pen and ink.
Another example is: Chinese painting pays great attention to lines, so that children can practice line games. For example, children can be divided into groups to have a fishing competition with lines with different shades of brush strokes, or they can walk in a maze with brush strokes, and their interest is very high. In the future, drawing with lines will gradually become handy. For another example, children can be allowed to do color-flushing, ink-flushing, ink-splashing, color-throwing, color-spotting and color-blowing together, which will arouse their strong curiosity. Do not require specific painting content, just draw at will, dip the brush in water to make the ink and wash dissolve, and then use different strokes with different lengths and thicknesses to produce a strange charm, so that they can learn the skills of Chinese ink and wash painting inadvertently. Children have fun while painting. In such activities, painting is not only painting, it has long been a children's game. Therefore, to make teaching a game, we must make children feel that there are many mysteries and fun, stimulate their curiosity and impulse, and make it an activity to try voluntarily.
second, advocate sketching.
In order to learn ink painting better, let them observe in life, accumulate information and devote themselves to the embrace of nature, from which they can find beauty, discover beauty and create beauty. The world is ever-changing, and no image is eternal. Only by letting children observe things themselves and master the main characteristics of their objects can they have a more complete, vivid and vivid understanding of them, store the impressions they usually observe and accumulate materials for art creation activities. When the summer heat recedes and the cool autumn wind blows quietly, take children to find autumn scenery from nature in combination with autumn education. First look in the kindergarten, then look outside the kindergarten, look in the park and the countryside, guide and observe the change of grass color, blown dead leaves, harvested fruits, golden rice fields, blooming chrysanthemums ... Then let us observe the sizes, shapes and colors of different flowers near and far, and observe that some flowers are in front and some flowers are behind, and show the three-dimensional world they see with a brush. In the ink painting "flowers and trees", we boldly try to use a variety of colors to draw, so that children can freely choose colors, use different skills and draw independently, and show the beauty in nature through ink painting. The creativity of children is beyond my imagination. Look! A flower is in bud, but another flower hides behind it shyly, revealing half its face; A bunch of red flowers are coming out of the flowers to greet you; The petals of a flower are red and yellow, but the stamen is green ... It's really different and lifelike. Although these works look childish and ridiculous, children express their beautiful feelings through the pen tip, which has a clear personality and mind. It is free, relaxed and happy in ink painting activities, and it is also conducive to the imagination of thinking and the development of skills. Children's active performance is a necessary condition for creativity, and the creativity of their works is the product of subjective desire and imagination. In ink painting activities, they paint and make for their own performance, and they will naturally reveal their beautiful feelings, thus producing the characteristics of nature, honesty, boldness, frankness and childishness, sprouting aesthetic feeling and creativity in the process of expression, and promoting the development of their various abilities. However, in the teaching method based on copying, many children can really draw beautiful ink paintings after a period of training. However, after a long time, their paintings have no aura, no personality, and the subject matter has become narrower and narrower, even similar. In short, long-term copying limits the original imagination and observation. The works drawn by sketching are various and very vivid.
Observing and experiencing life is the starting point of ink painting creation. Children's potential is immeasurable. As long as they are properly guided, they are all generous. When the experience of life awakens the excitement, when you are eager to express your inner feelings but can't express them perfectly, you can give technical guidance without leaving a trace, and everything will follow. In fact, children are born reformers. When adults study the reform of Chinese painting, their ideas about painting tools and materials are only for my use, and they treat any new media equally.
Third, various forms of ink painting teaching.
create an atmosphere for children to feel ink painting. In class, let children listen, see and feel the sights and objects in ink painting with various senses. The use of multimedia for illustrated teaching and the flexible combination of music and art can all get twice the result with half the effort. When the picturesque ink game Flowers and Trees is played, children can imitate ancient winding trees, fluttering willows and straight trees with their bodies and feel the shape of trees. However, the emotion and sound of painting can be related to points, lines, blocks and faces in ink painting.
Combined with the art exhibition, children are organized to watch more ink paintings and appreciate the works of masters, from which they can appreciate the artistic demeanor of masters such as Qi Baishi, Li Kuchan and Cui Zifan, which not only expands their artistic vision and thinking space, but also injects new vitality into their works. Children's mysterious pen and ink lurks great artistic energy, which is the same as some masters' rejuvenation and return to simplicity. This new ink and wash culture gives children a space to construct subjective and objective experiences, so that children can constantly gain subjective and objective experiences of various painting behaviors in the atmosphere of mutual cooperation and socialization. It is not appropriate to interfere too much with their creative experiments, and it is best to make them happy in an unrestrained state. Teachers' task is to discover and affirm their progress and strengths, praise their creativity and protect their interest and self-confidence. Develop their creativity and shape their personality in ink painting.
At the same time, we should continue to study and explore in teaching practice, seek flexible and changeable ways, and educate children in different ways, so as to finally guide them into the colorful art hall of China ink painting.
To sum up, the value of ink painting education does not lie in how skilled children are in painting skills or what amazing masterpieces they have drawn. Teaching ink painting is not the fundamental purpose of education, but the way to achieve the goal. Through the teaching activities of ink painting, children can discover their own abilities, build up their confidence in bold creation, and let them fully show their potential creativity in the process of hands-on operation. This creative process will make children experience success. Every child's dribs and drabs can not only be respected by everyone, but also learn to respect others, arouse good feelings and establish a sound personality. Entering the society, this early experience of aesthetic creation, no matter what kind of life or work it is used for, can enable them to know the world with aesthetic feelings, transform the world, live in a gregarious way and make contributions to the society with their creativity. Ink painting teaching and early childhood education 2
1. Setting scientific teaching objectives is the key
To teach ink painting to children aged 3-6, first of all, as an educator, we should be clear about our subjectivity. What do I want the children to get? For some reasons, target positioning is the key. My guiding ideology (overall goal) is to cultivate children's interest in learning ink painting; Learn the skills of painting. Enrich their perceptual experience through learning, and stimulate their interest and ability to express beauty and create beauty.
In the past, students tended to learn knowledge and skills passively. Teachers often draw an example on the blackboard, asking children to draw a gourd ladle. If they are out of line, they will stop and criticize them, and overemphasize the mastery of knowledge and skills, such as the line drawing is not straight and the circle drawing is not round. The consequence of this kind of art education is that children's artistic perception ability declines, their intuition and overall aesthetic way are destroyed, and aesthetic experience is extremely lacking. At the same time, children's artistic imagination and creativity have also disappeared under the scale of likeness.
The goal orientation reflects the new orientation of kindergarten art education. This orientation makes children really like art education, can really develop children's artistic ability, improve their aesthetic confusion, and has unique value in cultivating their imagination and creativity. The foothold of kindergarten art education is different from professional art education. It does not aim at children mastering solid artistic skills, but hopes that children can learn to express their thoughts and feelings with art in the process of free and relaxed artistic activities.
Paying attention to cultivating children's interest in ink painting does not mean that it is not important to cultivate children's skills. Just as you can't express your feelings with a brush without certain skills. Just as you can't express your feelings with brush buds without certain skills. Mr. Chen Heqin, a famous modern educator in China, said very well: "In the past, art education paid too much attention to skills, but now art education pays attention to children's personality and children's creation. But whether to teach artistic skills or not is a very important issue. If children do not have considerable skills, they may not be able to draw good works. Art must be taught, or let the children touch it by themselves, that is, touch it all their lives. " Cultivating children's interest in ink painting and teaching them to learn painting skills privately are complementary and inseparable. The mutual infiltration of the two can make teaching achieve twice the result with half the effort.
If the relationship between interests and skills is clearly defined, a scientific overall goal can be determined. Like a train with a definite destination. The subsequent semester goals are formulated closely around the overall goal; The goal of each month is around the goal of the semester; And the same goal is the development of the monthly goal; Finally, the goal of each purchase falls on the specific implementation of each course, forming a system.
Second, choosing reasonable and systematic teaching content is the key point
When choosing teaching content, I think we should consider it from both subjective and objective aspects. Subjectively, educators have a clear goal, and objectively, they should also consider the age characteristics of children and the laws of psychological and physical development. Therefore, I fully follow the children's cognitive rules in the choice of content. Children's thinking is gradually developed from low level to high level, from intuition to abstraction, and has experienced from intuitive action thinking --> Concrete thinking in images--> There are four stages of development from imagery thinking to preliminary abstract logical thinking. The teaching content of every age group should follow this law.
For example, small class children (3-4 years old) know things intuitively, and their thinking is mainly based on intuitive action thinking. They show things incompletely, and often show the most impressive part of things. In view of this feature, the contents selected for small class children are mainly things that can be highly exaggerated and summarized by the available graphics in daily life. For example, stippling, printing, (balloon), (flower), (umbrella), etc. The focus of teaching at this stage is mainly on interest cultivation. The amount of content should not be too much and miscellaneous. At the beginning, they can practice cotton swab painting and finger painting so as to be familiar with water, ink, color and other tools, and gradually transition to painting with a brush.
Children in the middle class (4-5 years old) mainly think in concrete images, and their ability to observe things has also been significantly improved, and they can find out the characteristics and laws of things under the guidance of adults. If you teach them to draw a kitten, let them know the characteristics of a cat: head, ears, tail, four legs, etc., and then teach them to draw a puppy, then you can guide them to observe and compare the similarities and differences between dogs and cats. The same method can also be used to teach animals such as rabbits and lambs. Similarly, if you learn to draw grapes, you can easily learn to draw loquat, litchi and other fruits. The same kind of content can be arranged together when selecting materials. This not only makes children learn quickly and firmly, but also makes them learn easily.
Children in large classes (5-6 years old) have greatly improved their abilities in all aspects on the basis of middle classes, especially with the accumulation of life experience, their imagination has developed rapidly. Children in this period have been able to process, transform and reassemble the memory representation on the basis of past perceptual materials. This is an imagination. Therefore, the selection of materials at this stage is to develop imagination and creativity as a key point. Some themes can be formulated.