The ancestral temple is a temple where people worship their ancestors or those who made meritorious deeds before their death. There are 170 surnames in Guidong, and none of them take "mother" as their surnames. Unexpectedly, there is an ancestral temple for mother and father here. What is puzzling is that it is still located in the Memorial Hall of Revolutionary Activities of the Workers and Peasants Red Army in Guidong, leaving an unsolved mystery.
Gongmu ancestral hall is east-west, with a construction area of 250.8 square meters. The front is low and the back is high. The front and rear buildings are connected, which is a quadrangle with three entrances and four exits. The front is the lobby, and the back is the main hall. There is a courtyard of 24 square meters between the entrance hall and the main hall. The plane is square, with ten columns, width15.2m and depth16.5m.. It is a bucket-shaped civil structure with lifting beam. This is a A Qing dynasty building.
Generally speaking, the ancestral temple is very particular, with magnificent architectural momentum, upturned cornices and carved beams and painted buildings. There are exquisite stone carvings, wood carvings and exquisite paintings in the house; Couplets with excellent artistic conception; Or vigorous and powerful, or beautiful and elegant calligraphy; A solemn and sacred temple. However, when we walked into the Gongmu ancestral temple in Guidong, there were none. At first glance, it is no different from the houses with gray tiles that we usually see in the countryside, let alone the cultural and artistic connotation. The difference is a little more vicissitudes and tranquility.
You may ask, when was this mother temple built? Who are mother and father? What kind of mysterious story is hidden in the mother temple?
In order to solve this mystery and find out its ins and outs, literary and historical workers in Guidong County made inquiries and consulted the relevant chapters of Tongzhi of Qing Dynasty and Tongzhi County Records of Qing Dynasty, such as: famous officials, sacrificial ceremonies, sacrificial ceremonies, military defense records, hukou, artistic poems, old preface and so on. Visited the old people in the county.
Things have to start with the peasant uprising led by Zhang in the late Ming Dynasty.
In the sixteenth year of Chongzhen (1643), the peasant uprising army led by Zhang attacked the city and plundered the land, and captured Chenzhou and Hengyang in one fell swoop. One day, Zhang Pai's general Jiang Weixin led troops to besiege Guidong County.
At that time, Guidong was surrounded by mountains, and neither ships nor vehicles were allowed to pass. The insurgents had to ride horses, wave flags and carry halberds, knives, bows, arrows and other equipment to the Dongshan District of Guidong, where the jungle is intertwined and dense. They burned, killed and looted all the way and soon came to Guidong.
Rich businessmen in eastern Guangxi were busy running for their lives, and many scholars squeezed into the stream of people fleeing. Soldiers guarding Yangmei village and Julian village came to persuade Chongzheng county officials to give up the city.
Mother county magistrate replied: "I was sent by the imperial court to defend the border and the country." How dare I ignore the safety of the people and just run for my life? " Cities exist and exist, and cities die and die. The body can be damaged and the head can be broken, but the ambition can't be taken away. The big deal is to repay the world with death. "
The words of the mother county magistrate gave confidence and support to the people in Guidong who were in a panic. He went to the tower and said righteously to the rebels who attacked the city: "I am the county magistrate of Guidong County. The people didn't offend you. Don't kill innocent people. Come to me if you want to kill or chop! "
Because Jiang Weixin's troops are mixed, some rebels kill people, shell towers, and point arrows, knives and halberds at civilians without scruple. The mother county magistrate failed to make a sound and had to fight hard with the military and civilians. However, due to the disparity in strength, Guidong County was finally broken by the rebels. Mother county magistrate was arrested, and the county town was looted and burned. A river flowing south is a river of blood, and both sides are sad. The body is sideways, some are round and glaring, and some teeth are empty. Guidong, "Looking at a hundred miles, there is no one."
Access to historical materials: Chongzheng's mother, Sichuanese, Gongxuan, Guidong County Order in the late Ming Dynasty. After being captured, he would rather die than surrender and call a thief. In December of the sixteenth year of Chongzheng (1643), the mother county magistrate was captured by the rebel army and finally died heroically.
After Jiang Weixin moved to Jiangxi. The flat-headed people in eastern Guangxi who escaped from the tiger's mouth and fled to other places returned to their hometowns one after another. They deeply missed their mother, the county magistrate, who loved their people as much as children, and shed tears.
In the second year, when Yingshan was in full bloom, Guidong people built a mother pavilion in the county (now at the bridge head of Xiahuangqiao), and there was a tomb of worshipping the mother crown under the pavilion. In 1960s, farmers in Jingwukou demolished the pavilion and Guan Yi's tomb, which are now gone.
In the Qing Dynasty, Luo Wanjuan, a tribute student in Guidong, wrote a sad poem mourning the official of the mother county, saying, "The snow in Emei Mountain is endless, and he was very popular. Like a cheat and defeat of killing Ming Jiang, there is smoke everywhere. Thieves crush the city and kill everywhere. The isolated city is generous, but the city survives. Shouting that killing thieves is too timid, and the number of people is overwhelming. Chongzheng retired at the age of sixteen, and the city fell and died. At that time, the capital of Shu was also broken, and the wolves were lying on their backs. Outside Jinguan City, cuckoos crow, and Wan Li is loyal to his soul. Two or three left the old man like snow and saw the blood on his neck. Tears flow before words compete, and the thief's scolding is still in my ears. _ The eaves are scattered in the sky at night, and the soil under the Phoenix Mountain is red. No one is looking for Marco, but Hengtai was born tonight. Alas, public life loves the people like a child, and the city dies. _ Xuan did not go to righteousness, and the number of adherents is history. "
Time flies. In a blink of an eye, it was the year of Jiaqing Ding Chou (18 17), and Zeng Yu, a juren from Fujian, came to Guidong as a county magistrate. One day, the county magistrate came to the Wei River. He inspected the mother pavilion and listened to the statements of the people in eastern Guangxi. He felt that in the late Ming Dynasty, county officials and mothers worshiped politics, were loyal to the country, cared about the country and served the people, and were thousands of people. He built a mother temple on the left side of the west of the city, which we saw in the memorial hall today. When it was built at that time, the county magistrate Huang Yuchang and others gave strong support. They donated money to buy Luo's foundation and old house.
After the completion of Gongmu Temple, it has become a building for people in eastern Guangxi to commemorate the high morality and integrity of worshipping mothers.
Old people living in Guidong will tell you that during the Republic of China, after the National Government organized personnel to worship Confucius in the Confucius Temple, they would go to the Mother Temple to worship the righteous mother county officials. Every year in mid-spring and mid-autumn, they come to offer sacrifices twice, offering incense and offering sacrifices such as pigs, cows and sheep. , read the cult, two kneeling six knocking.
"If the city dies, it will not hesitate to die, and the festival will stay forever." Although the mother who worshiped politics was a county magistrate in feudal society, she was remembered by the people of Guidong County and Guidong County because she was born in a civil society and died without forgetting her loyalty.
Some tourists will say that when the "Four Old Houses" are broken, aren't the archways, temples, ancestral halls and ancient houses adjacent to the "Seal" completely destroyed? How did the mother temple in Guidong escape?
This is actually very simple. Because1August, 928, when Mao Zedong led the Red Army of Workers and Peasants to Guidong to meet the Red Army troops of Zhu De and Chen Yi, Mao Zedong lived in the Tangjiawu next to the mother temple, and the meeting was also held in Tangjiawu. At that time, our Red Guards lived in the shop of Gongmu Temple. In addition, from the end of 1966 to the end of 1967, the exhibition hall of Comrade Mao Zedong's revolutionary activities in Guidong was built (later renamed the Revolutionary Activities Memorial Hall of the Workers and Peasants Red Army), so the mother temple was not only protected, but also entered the memorial hall as a red scenic spot.
Author: Chen Junwen