The Yellow Emperor * * * has four concubines, one * * * has 25 sons, and the son with surname is only 14. His wife, Lei Zu, the daughter of Xiling family, invented sericulture and reeling, and also made clothes. Therefore, Lei Zu was later enshrined as the "first silkworm" (silkworm god). She has two sons, one is Xuantao and the other is Changyi. Among them, Changyi was born with a drought, Zhuan Xu was born with a drought, and Zhuan Xu's grandson was born with an old boy, and the old boy gave birth to two sons, Li He, all of whom served as Vulcan officials, also known as Zhu Rong's in history. Wu Zhong is a branch after Lu Zhong, from which all Chu surnames come. In the process of development, Mi surname has formed a huge surname group, with about 200 kinds, including Jing surname, one of the three surnames of Chu King.
According to legend, Emperor Yan taught people to farm and was honored as Shennong. "Emperor Century" says: "Shennong is also Jiang." At the beginning of Emperor Yan, he moved to Shandong. Qi of Lu is the home of the descendants of Emperor Yan and Jiang. According to legend, in the Spring and Autumn Period, Jing was the surname.
Second, it came from Qi during the Warring States Period and was also related to Gong Zu. When Wang Jing was in Zhou Dynasty, Chu Jiu, the monarch of Qi State, passed away, and posthumous title was the scene, which was known in history. His descendants, taking posthumous title as their surname, are also famous.
The nobles of the Zhou Dynasty were knighted before their death, and posthumous title after their death. Posthumous title is a symbol of social status and spiritual honor, so the noble posthumous title also became the surname of his descendants. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the monarch of the State of Qi passed away, which was called "Jing" and "He" in history. He took posthumous title's Jing as his surname and Jing Chou and Jing Chun as his descendants.
Third, change the surname and take the surname.
For some special reasons, I have to change my surname. Common names are given by the emperor, taboo to change surnames, avoiding disasters to change surnames, monosyllabic and disyllabic surnames and so on. There are also some rare phenomena of changing surnames, such as disyllabic surnames, avoiding shame and mocking surnames, and so on. In addition, in the history of surname development, incorrect pronunciation and omission are also two common phenomena of changing surnames. A brave man in the Ming Dynasty, formerly known as Geng, later changed his surname to Jing. The reason why Jing Qing changed his surname is still unknown, which needs further research.
Surname is a kind of surname change, which refers to taking the surname of others because of adoption, or because the mother remarries, or because the husband is a daughter-in-law. For example, during the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Cao's real name was Xiahou, and his father was adopted by Cao Teng, so he took Cao as his surname.
Other branches of other nationalities
The Jing family mainly has two origins. One is the descendant of Huangdi, Chu State and Mi surname; One is, surnamed Jiang, a descendant of Yes. Their cognate surnames mainly include:
Zhao, Mi, Shi also take Shi as the surname. "Songs of Chu" says: Zhao, Qu, Jing Wei Chu.
Wu surname, secret surname, is also after Dr. Chu entered Wu Shen.
Shineng, followed by Xiong Zhi, Chu, changed his refuge to Shineng.
Kuai Shi, Zhou Shi, is also the son of Brother Kuai Chu.
Ben's surname, Mi's surname, Chu Ruoao gave birth to Bobby, and Bobby gave birth to Yin, which was nurtured by a tiger, saying that the tiger had stripes because he thought it was his surname.
Cui Mi, Chu Jiang.
Miao family, originated from Mi surname, is a surname named after a place name.
Cheng surnamed mi. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the son of Chu became a tiger, and his descendants took the word "Cheng" as their surname, also known as Cheng.
Jianshi, Mi surname, Chu Wang Jian Hou.
Qu's, Mi's and Shi's. It's a surname named after a fief. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Chu Wuwang's son was appointed as Mo Zhai of Chu and was sealed in Quyi.
Pan Shi, surnamed Mi, descended from Chu royal family in Zhou Dynasty.
Shang, Jiang, and later.
Huan's family, Jiang's family, and later, Shi's family.
Tea (2ha) comes from rice. During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a feudal official in the State of Chu, and his descendants called him Cha.
Jing originated from Michaelis. In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, Xiong Yi, the former monarch of Chu, was sealed in Jingshan area, and the country name was Jing, which was not changed to Chu until the early Spring and Autumn Period. Before King Wen of Chu, there were descendants of concubines who took the country as their surname and called it Jing.
The banker was the monarch of Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period. After his death, posthumous title became Zhuang, and later generations took posthumous title as their surname.
Xiong, after the bear was killed in the late Shang Dynasty, the nobles of Chu took Zhou as their surname and the monarch took Neng as their surname.
Fourth, the Jing surname among ethnic minorities.
Manchu is one of the most populous ethnic minorities in China, mainly distributed in three northeastern provinces.
Manchu people call their surnames "Hala" and their clans "Mukun". The first Hara is a Mukun. Later, with the growth of population, family branches and "on-call garrison" were transferred to other places. The original MuKun has divided into several new MuKun. There are many similarities between their surnames and those of the Han nationality. Take the place of residence as the surname, the name of the tribe as the surname, the emperor gave the surname, used the old surname of the Jurchen nationality, and changed the surname because of packet migration. In addition, there is the localization of Manchu surname, that is, Manchu uses Chinese surname. Among them, according to the surname, we can find the cause of the Manchu Zhongjing surname from here. There are two forms of family names: one is to take the words in the father's name as the surname of the descendants, which is the same as the surname of the Han nationality in the pre-Qin period. There is also a surname based on the first word of my name. Because there are several words in Manchu surnames translated into Chinese, it is inconvenient to address them, so the surname (surname) is often replaced by the first name, which leads to the practice of taking the first word of his real name as his surname in the long-term custom (of course, he also has his own surname). "Qing Chao" also said: "Manchu and Mongolian surnames are not in the world, so they should call each other surnames by their initials. Don't keep the custom, thinking that grandparents and grandchildren have different surnames. "
There are many Jing celebrities in Manchu, such as Jing Gu Le Dai, Jing An, Jing Lian, Jing Xing and Jing Shan, which will be introduced in later chapters.
According to Records of the Historian, not only the ancient Chinese emperors in the ancient "China" area of the Five Emperors (Huangdi, Zhuan Xu, Di Ku, Tang Yao and Yu Shun) in the three generations (Xia, Shang and Zhou) were of the same origin and clan as Huangdi, but other ancient nationalities in the surrounding areas also came from the Huangdi Line. For example, Biography of Chu Family: "The ancestor of Chu was from Dire Levin." Levin (the grandson of the Yellow Emperor) is called "Fu Bo" and "Zhang Juan". His real name is Li, and he was in charge of fire control work. Wu Youzhong, Lu Yongsheng, Kunwu, Shenhu, Peng Zu, Yi people, Cao surname, Ji Lian and other six sons derived eight surnames (eight surnames of Zhu Rong): Ji, Dong, Peng, Bald, Tan, Cao, Zhen and Mi. Among them, the descendant of the sixth son Ji Lian (Mi surname) is the originator of Chu.
[Shi Jing region]
Jinyang County, now Taiyuan County, Shanxi Province.
【 The Origin of the Jingshi Family 】
There are two sources of Jing surname: according to the research of surname, after the Spring and Autumn Period, his son and grandson took the teacher as their surname. The other is a descendant of Mi surname of Emperor Zhuan Xu.
[Jing's fame]
Jing Ke, the physician of King Xiang of Chu Qing, is a very important figure in Jing surname. His ci and fu can be compared with Qu Yuan and Song Yu. Single crystal, the great hero of the revival of Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty, was a generalist and was highly valued by Emperor Guangwu. Jing's names are Jing Yang, the general of Chu in the Warring States Period, Jing Luan, a Confucian scholar in the Eastern Han Dynasty, an ancient prose writer in the Ming Dynasty and a calligrapher in the Qing Dynasty.