Biography is also called Wen Shu, Biography of Shu, Shushu and History Book.
Xiao Zhuan, also known as Qin Zhuan, was created by Li Si, the prime minister of Qin Dynasty.
Second, the characteristics are different.
Big seal script:
1, linearization: in the early days, the lines with uneven thickness became uniform and soft, and the lines they drew with objects were very concise and vivid;
2. Standardization: the glyph structure tends to be neat, and gradually deviates from the original shape of the picture, laying the foundation for the square characters.
Small seal script:
1. Rectangular, with a half-word square as the degree, with a straight word and a half-word vertical foot, with a ratio of about 3:2.
2. The strokes are horizontal and vertical, round and even, and the thickness is basically the same. All horizontal and vertical paintings are equidistant and parallel, and all strokes are mainly round, and the circle is round and square, which makes the circle lively and interesting.
3. Balance and symmetry, spatial division, balance and symmetry are the unique charm of seal script. Symmetry exists not only in left-right symmetry and up-down symmetry, but also in local symmetry of characters and left-right oblique symmetry of circular strokes.
4. Tightening up and loosening down, most of the characters in Xiao Zhuan are in the upper part, and the lower part is telescopic and vertical. Of course, there are also characters with no feet below. The main strokes are in the lower part, and the upper strokes can be raised.
Extended data:
After Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, he felt that the national writing was complicated and the style of writing was different, so he put forward the idea of "the same language is not named" and unified the writing and style. Qin Shihuang asked Lisi, who was good at calligraphy, to write a ghost. Therefore, Xiao Zhuan is also called "Qin Zhuan".
Another reason is to change the original winding stroke lines and sort out a new font with even strokes and convenient writing.
The formulation of seal script is the first time in China to systematically standardize the writing of Chinese characters.
After Qin Shihuang unified the world, he implemented a series of reforms. Among them, unifying Chinese characters is a very important policy. This kind of calligraphy inherits the inscriptions and stone inscriptions of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty and Qin State, and will be integrated with the calligraphy styles of various places. It is the first unified font in China and the key to change the history of books.
During the Qin Dynasty, there were few traces of seal script preserved in stone carvings, among which the monument erected by Qin Shihuang was the most important, while the original stones and rubbings of Langxietai and Taishan still existed. The truth can be seen in the imperial edict of Shi Quan for twenty-six years.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Dazhuan
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Xiaozhuan