Author: Du Fu
Original text:
People are old when they are born and famous.
Hungry for three years, I left the barren hills.
How many years have Chang 'an Qing been together?
Wealth should lead to early health.
An old acquaintance of Confucian scholars in the mountains,
But the words of the past hurt my arm.
Alas, the seven songs ended sadly.
Look up at the sky and the sky.
Appreciate:
At the beginning of this poem, nine words are used: a boy is old when he is not famous. Ran Ran, an old man who condensed Li Sao, expressed his feelings about his life experience for fear that his name would not be justified. Du Fu has always had the ambition to serve the country, but he has never been able to display it. If he is almost half a hundred this year, he is not famous, he is old, he moved and almost starved to death to fill the ravine. Why not ask him to be a god-fearing grief! Six years later, when Du Fu was in the Yanwu shogunate, he once again expressed his feelings of being poor and old: it's a pity that the teenager has achieved nothing, his head is white and his teeth are about to fall out. ("No doubt") its meaning is similar.
In the second sentence, the word "three years" was added at the end of the sentence, which further highlighted the poet's suffering in recent years. Three years refers to two years in Germany (757) and two years in Gan Yuan. Du Fu was reprimanded for saving Fang Shu and angered Su Zong. Driven by hunger, he suffered enough on the barren mountain road.
The poet described his feelings when he was trapped in Chang 'an in three or four sentences, and the whole poem suddenly climaxed. Twelve years ago, Du Fuxi entered Chang 'an, but he had no way to make progress and spent a bleak decade. He contacted all kinds of dignitaries and found that most of the people in Chang 'an city who were courted by their fathers and brothers were teenagers: how many years did Chang 'an courtship last? This can't help but make the poet angry: wealth should lead to early health. Precociousness seems to be a tone of persuasion, but it contains deep indignation at the corrupt politics of juvenile Qing Xiang. This is obviously the same as what he wrote in his early years (Twenty-two Rhymes by Wei Zuocheng).
Five or six sentences return to reality, reflecting the dialogue between poets and Confucian scholars in the mountains: Confucian scholars in the mountains have known each other for a long time, and words hurt their arms. The poet is in an extremely embarrassing situation, of course, lamenting his unfortunate experience, so all he talks to his friends is very unpleasant past events. Worrying about the country and the people cannot be realized, which naturally causes infinite sadness.
In the seventh sentence, the seven songs ended sadly, and the poet silently put away his pen and stopped singing angrily. However, how did the wave of ideas suddenly stop? Looking up at the sky, I saw the sky running at a high speed. At this time, a feeling of dying, a feeling of desolation and sadness, and a strong sense of grief came to the poet's mind, and he could not control himself.
Seven Poems in the Same Valley draws lessons from Zhang Heng's Four Sorrow Poems and Cai Yan's Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia in form, and adopts the method of framing and connecting chapters. In terms of content, it draws more artistic experience from Bao Zhao's Zhun Nan Xing, but at the same time, it changes its spirit, does not attack its appearance (Shen Deqian's Tang poetry), and has a unique way, which is deeply praised by future generations. As the last part of a series of poems, this poem expresses the poet's feelings of wandering life experience. In art, the use of long and short sentences is complicated, and the feelings of grief and indignation impact the readers' heartstrings like a flood.
Du Fu's snacks on the boat.
Rowing after the Cold Food Festival
Author: Du Fu
Original text:
In the cold wind, there is hardly a bite of rice, sitting on the ground, sitting on the ground, the crow is old, sewed many times, and wears a brown hat on his head.
Spring water, rivers, so floating on the boat is like sitting in the clouds; My body is getting weaker and my eyesight is dim. Looking at the flowers on the shore is like a mist.
The listless curtains saw butterflies flying by; Seagulls skimmed over the rapids.
Standing in the direction of Tanzhou, looking north, looking straight at Chang 'an, the sky is like a white cloud, and there is a van parked there, suddenly worried.
Precautions:
1. Snacks: the day after the Cold Food Festival and the day before Tomb-Sweeping Day. The food is cold because of the fire ban.
2, Chen Jia: refers to the small cold food festival. Strong rice: barely eat a little rice.
3, hidden: leaning, leaning. Seclusion means sitting on the floor and leaning against a small table. See The Theory of Everything in Zhuangzi: Guo Zi lives in seclusion. Here refers to the black-skinned chicken (dressed in black sheepskin), which is Du Fu's favorite small dining table. He always carries it. One of the songs also wrote: Wu Jiji was heavily bound ("The Windy Boat Pillow Book" was given to relatives and friends in Hunan with 36 rhymes), which means that Wu Jiji was repeatedly worn out and sewn. The stork (with H sound) is a kind of pheasant, which is said to be a very aggressive bird and can be found in Shan Hai Jing. Here is brown, which means color. Qiu Note: Zhao Note: The crown of the hermit is the crown of the hermit. The King of Qing Dynasty wrote Rewriting the Record of Lent, Volume 5: Forget that it is withered and colorless, and laugh at others wearing crowns.
4, spring water two sentences: spring comes up, the river is vast, so floating on the boat is like sitting in the clouds in the sky; The poet is weak and his eyes are dim. Looking at the flowers and plants on the shore, it seems that there is a layer of mist. Sitting in the sky and watching in the fog shows the ups and downs of the author. This kind of ups and downs not only hurt the old poet, but also contained a deeper mood: the turmoil and uncertainty of the current situation are like looking at flowers in the fog. It's hard to understand the truth!
5. Juanjuan's sentence contains Bi Xing. Seeing butterflies and seagulls traveling freely, each has its own position. I don't feel free. Juanjuan is like a butterfly. Pieces, as light as seagulls. Open the curtain.
6. Bai Yun's sentence: It is extremely well written. Tanzhou (now Changsha) is far from Chang 'an. This is the poet's exaggeration. In fact, Changsha is more than 1000 kilometers away from Chang 'an.
7. True North: True North. See also "The Golden Drum Shock in Guanshan, Zhibei" (the fourth of the eight poems of Qiu Xing). Zhu Han's Note: Butterfly gulls are at ease, the clouds are empty, and they are worried about the scenery. Mao Qiling said: The boat is like the sky, the flowers are like the fog, Juanjuan plays butterflies, the gulls are light, and they are extremely leisurely. Suddenly looking at Chang 'an, I suddenly felt sad, so I said: I am worried about Chang 'an going straight to the north, and this chronicle also feels ("Poetry of Xihe").
Translation:
I managed to eat a little rice during the slight cold season.
Sitting on the ground next to Wuji,
Infinity has worn the seam many times.
Wearing a brown hat on his head.
Spring has come, a rising tide lifts all boats, and the rivers are vast.
So floating on a boat is like sitting in a cloud in the sky;
Weak body, old eyes dim,
Looking at the flowers and plants on the shore is like a mist.
Seeing butterflies and seagulls traveling freely, each has its own position.
Standing in Tanzhou, looking straight at Chang 'an,
Like white clouds in the sky,
There was a Van Dory who was suddenly sad.
Appreciate:
This poem was written by Du Fu during his stay in Tanzhou (now Changsha, Hunan Province) more than half a year before his death, that is, in the spring of 770 A.D. (the fifth year of Dali), which showed his thoughts and feelings of wandering in the rivers and lakes in his twilight years and still deeply concerned about the safety of the Tang Dynasty.
Snacks refer to the day after cold food and the day before Qingming. From cold food to Qingming, the fire was banned for three days, so the first sentence said that Chen Jia's strong food was still cold. On festivals, the poet can drink heartily even though he is seriously ill. Alcoholism not only shows that the sick body is intolerant of alcohol, but also reveals the mood of being reluctant to take a holiday when wandering. This opening is a lyrical description of the scenery in the poem, and an internally related opening is arranged. The second sentence describes the lonely image of the poet on the ship. The crown was made of feathers worn by Guan Zi, a hermit of Chu, pointing out that the author lost his official position and was not used by the court. Down and out, penniless, still worried about the current situation, missing the court, is the biggest injury of Du Fu. The spirits and crowns in the first couplet just sum up the author's life experience at this time, and also contain endless bitterness in his life.
The second couplet is followed by the first couplet, which vividly writes what the poet saw and felt on the ship, and is a famous sentence that has been passed down all the time. Left comments on these two sentences: spring comes, the water rises and the river flows, so floating on the boat is like sitting in the clouds in the sky; The poet is weak and his eyes are dim. Looking at the flowers and plants on the shore, it seems that there is a layer of mist. Sitting in the sky and watching in the fog is very suitable for the elderly, the sick and the disabled in reality, giving readers a very real feeling; There is an ethereal layer in reality, which sets off the author's ups and downs. The ups and downs of this kind of emotion not only hurt the poet's later years, but also contain deeper feelings: the current situation is turbulent and unpredictable, just like looking at flowers in the fog, and the truth is hard to understand. Delicate and subtle brushwork shows the poet's deep anxiety, delicate observation and expressive force.
The third sentence is about the scenery on the river. The first sentence of Juanjuan's butterfly play is a close-up of the ship, so it is said that the curtain is idle. In the second sentence, patches of seagulls are the foreground outside the ship, so it is said that it is rushing. On the surface, it seems that it has nothing to do with up-and-down association, but it is not. These two sentences inherit the view that the water in the air is seen from the ship. The idle words in the idle screen respond to the depression of the second sentence of the first couplet. The curtain is idle, the boat is lonely, and butterflies fly by in the air. Rapids refer to the rapids in the river. Fragments of Bai Ou flitted briskly by the stream and flew into the distance. It is this view that butterflies and seagulls move freely, which is easy to compare, which makes the author trapped on the ship look straight at Chang 'an in the north and naturally transition to the tail joint. In Qing Dynasty, Pu Qilong quoted Zhu Han's words when reading Du Xinjie: Butterfly gulls are free, and the clouds are empty, so they are worried about the scenery. It also points out the connection between the third link and the last link in scenery and emotion.
The last two sentences of the poem are a collection of whole poems. The cloud says white and the mountain says green, which is the natural scenery on the river in the spring of the Cold Food Festival. The author's ideas thousands of miles away and the cascading mountains and white clouds paved the way for the conclusion. The sad reading sentence contains the thoughts and feelings of the whole poem, which embodies the deep sorrow for Zhibei or Chang 'an. Pu Qilong said: Yunbai Mountain should be bright and beautiful, but sad for northern Tibet. This is just a literal analysis of the dark stage at the beginning and end. In fact, this sentence condenses all the feelings beyond the boat, the feelings of distance, and even the sad feelings of the poet about how difficult the current situation is during his wandering. It ends with a sad sentence, which ends the whole poem with dignity and infinite affection. Therefore, Du Shi Jing Quan says that there is a distant god in the boundary.
This poem draws lessons from Shen Quanqi's poems, such as people are suspicious of sitting in the sky, fish hanging in the mirror ("Fishing Rod"), and Bai Yun Mountain is thousands of miles away ("Away from Du Yuan").
This seven-tone poem is deeply condensed in the natural circulation, which can well show the characteristics of Du Fu's poetic style in his later years.
Du Fu's swallow came to work on the boat.
Swallows come to the boat to make works.
Author: Du Fu
Original text:
Hunan has experienced spring for its guests, and the mud of swallows has been renewed twice.
I used to go to my hometown to taste the Lord, but now I am far away from people.
Pity is everywhere in the nest room, which is different from fluttering this body.
For the time being, we'll cross the bridge when we come to it.
Precautions:
1, inscription: wandering alone, only Yan lai, the proposition is emotional.
2. Hunan: Hunan here refers to Changsha, because it is located in the south of Dongting Lake. TOKYO CHUN: It's been several springs.
3. Swallows hold mud: Swallows are migratory birds, and they hold mud to build their nests every year. Wang Siyuan: I have been away from the Three Gorges for three years, but I have been away from Hunan for two years.
This sentence has the shadow of deja vu.
5. Social Day: In ancient times, there were two days for offering sacrifices to social gods, which was generally the fifth day after beginning of spring beginning of autumn (around the vernal equinox and autumnal equinox). Look at people from a distance: look at people from a distance and say people from a distance.
6. There are nests everywhere, in fact, there is no fixed place. What's the difference?
7. This sentence is Du Fu's self-report. Fly, fly, fly, what am I? In the vast world, I am just a sandpiper! A night abroad.
8. Qiang: a mast with sails on a sailboat. Please refer to Yan Yu (Fatan) for this sentence.
9. Towels: Towels. These two sentences mean that the swallow came to the boat, stopped for a while, murmured, and immediately got up and flew away, dressed in flowers, wandering, caring for love and making the author cry.
Appreciate:
Du Fu left the gorge in 768 (three years in Dali, Tang Daizong), first drifted to Hubei, and then moved to Hunan. In the first month of 769, he went from Yuezhou to Tanzhou. When writing this poem, it was the second spring, and the poet still stayed in Tanzhou, taking the boat as his home. Therefore, at the beginning of the poem, it is pointed out that Hunan is a guest to borrow spring, and then swallows build nests out of mud to vividly describe the scene of spring, thus leading to the object of singing.
Swallow is a migratory bird, which migrates with the change of seasons, and likes to enter and leave people's houses or eaves in pairs. Therefore, it is favored by ancient poets, often placed in ancient poetry, or cherishing spring and hurting autumn, or rendering sadness, or pinning acacia, or sentimental current affairs.
I used to go to my hometown to taste the Lord, but now I am far away from people. In the past, when you came to my hometown, you once knew my master. Now, on the Spring Festival, Xiaoyan, you look at me from a distance. Are you thinking about it? Why did the master become so lonely and so old? What about his hometown? Why is he drifting on a lonely boat?
Pity is everywhere in the nest room, which is different from fluttering this body. I have been sick all my life. Who will pity me? Only you, Swallow, will care about me. I sympathize with you too. The world is so vast, but the swallow can only live everywhere. How is this different from my wandering in the vast rivers and lakes?
For the time being, we'll cross the bridge when we come to it. To comfort my loneliness, Swallow, you came to my boat for a while, but as soon as you spoke to me, you immediately got up and flew away, because you were busy making a living, and you kept catching mud and insects. And you can't bear to leave, dress up and wander around, which really makes me want to cry.
This poem is written on a boat, as if to accompany a lonely poet; The poet's feelings flow into the reader's heart like spring water. The scene in the poem is that the poet with withered face and gray hair is stranded on a lonely boat due to illness, but there is a light swallow standing on the boat. This lively little life brought the poet the message of spring. The poet looked up at the swallow and said affectionately, sighing and muttering to himself. Nothing moves the reader more than this scene.
The whole poem is full of worries about drifting and turbulence, because spring is the backbone of an article. The middle four sentences seem to praise Yan, but in fact they are related to the poet's endless life experience. The last couplet, the first eleven words, was also pasted word by word, and the last three words suddenly became the poet himself. The relationship between things is so seamless that readers can't tell whether people pity Yan or Yan pity others, which is sad and touching. In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, Lu Shizhen's Du Chao commented that this son was written by Hunan in the late years. Among the 56 words, the seven-character rhyme is similar to things, seemingly complicated, but actually mysterious. It has a feeling of endless life experience, but it doesn't say a word. After reading it, I feel that the paper is full of tears. The world is a thousand years old, and his poems can still be so touching.
The project with twelve Luoyang roads.
Meng Haoran shared twelve works on Luoyang Road.
Pearl plays showman, the gold-bound ranger
The wine is white at dusk, and the horse enters the world of mortals.
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Meng Haoran (689 ~ 740) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. His real name is Hao, and the word is awesome. Xiangyang, Xiangzhou, is called Meng Xiangyang. He is also called Monsanto because he has never been an official. In his early years, he was eager to use the world. After his career was difficult and frustrated, he still respected himself and lived a hermit's life. Once lived in seclusion in Lumen Mountain. Forty years old, traveling in Chang 'an, he should be a scholar. He once wrote a poem named Gong Qing in imperial academy, and he wrote for it. Later, I worked in Jingzhou and got gangrene. I have traveled all over the southeast. Poetry and Wang Wei are also called Wang Meng. His poems are light and good at writing landscapes, reflecting landscapes, seclusion, travel and so on. Most of them are short stories in five words with unique artistic attainments. Meng Haoran collected three volumes, and now he compiled two volumes of poetry.