Opening hours of Hunyuan Beiyue Hengshan Tourist Area: Summer: 6:30-19:00; Winter: 8:00-18:00
Introduction to the attractions of Hunyuan Beiyue Hengshan Tourist Area :
Beiyue Mount Hengshan, together with Dongyue Mount Tai, West Mount Huashan, Nanyue Mount Hengshan and Zhongyue Mount Songshan, are collectively known as the Five Sacred Mountains and are equally famous all over the world. In 1982, it was announced by the State Council as a national key scenic spot and an important cultural relic in my country. It is a gathering place of historical sites and the birthplace of Taoism. It used to be named Changshan, Hengzong, Yuanyue and Ziyue. It is located 10 kilometers south of Hunyuan County and 62 kilometers away from Datong City. Together with Dongyue Taishan, Xiyue Huashan, Nanyue Hengshan, and Zhongyue Songshan, it is also known as the Five Mountains and is famous at home and abroad.
According to historical records, as early as 4,000 years ago, when Emperor Shun visited the north, he saw the towering peaks of Hengshan Mountain in the distance, so he named it Beiyue and became the lord of the mountains in the north. When Qin Shihuang came to power, he named twelve famous mountains in the world, and Hengshan was promoted as the second mountain in the world. Later, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty first made Mount Heng a god. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and Emperor Zhenzong of the Song Dynasty made Beiyue king and emperor. During the Northern Wei Dynasty, Emperor Taiwu Tuoba Tao personally climbed to the top of Mount Hengshan. Taizu of the Ming Dynasty also respected Beiyue as a god. Emperors of the Qing Dynasty also sent envoys to Mount Heng to offer sacrifices. The talented and famous writers Li Bai, Jia Dao, Yuan Haowen and Xu Xiake also visited Hengshan resort and left poems and ink marks praising Hengshan.
The Hengshan Mountains originate from the Yinshan Mountains and span the outside of the Great Wall, connecting Taihang in the east, Yanmen in the west, the Three Jin Dynasties in the south, overlooking the Yun Dynasty in the north, and stretching for 500 miles from east to west (across present-day Ningwu and Shuo in Shanxi Province). Zhou, Daixian, Yingxian, Fanzhi, Shanyin, Hunyuan, Lingqiu and other counties), is the watershed of Sanggan River and Hutuo River, a tributary of Haihe River, and is known as the 108 Peaks. Daomaguan, Zijingguan, Pingxingguan, Yanmenguan and Ningwuguan are in danger. They are the chokepoints from the plateau beyond the Great Wall to the Jizhong Plain. They have been battlegrounds for military strategists since ancient times. The main peak, Tianfengling, is located in the south of Hunyuan County, with an altitude of 2016.8 meters. It is known as the "North Pillar of Man and Heaven", "the most famous mountain" and "the second mountain in the world".
Hengshan Scenic Area is one of the first batch of 44 national key scenic spots announced by the State Council in 1982. According to the 1984 plan, the panoramic area consists of 4 levels of protected areas and 1 nature reserve. The area of ??the first and second level protected areas is 62.10 square kilometers, centered on the twin peaks Tianfengling and Cuiping Peak, including Tianfengling Scenic Area, Cuipingfeng Scenic Area, Qianfoling Scenic Area, Hot Spring Scenic Area and Hunyuan City A group of scenic spots; the Longshan area is a nature reserve. The unique mountain topography and long history make Hengshan a unique and famous scenic spot with both natural and cultural landscapes. The hero is far away from the north of the Great Wall, and the group is close to the wilderness. Hengshan Mountain is located on the Saibei Plateau. On sunny days and when there are few clouds and mist, you can climb up to see far away or look down close to give people a majestic and majestic feeling. The ancients praised Hengshan for "the wild geese passing over the dangerous peaks and the autumn colors, and the thousands of miles of yellow sand scattering the sunset." The border fortress and the ancient city peaks are misty.
Because of its steep natural mountain topography and geographical location, Hengshan Mountain has become a battleground for military strategists. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the country of Dai relied on Mount Heng to survive in the world; during the Warring States Period, Yan and Zhao relied on Mount Heng to establish the world; during the Han Dynasty, the Xiongnu used Mount Heng to fight for the world; during the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the Murong family dominated Mount Heng and dominated the world; during the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Tuoba clan relied on Mount Heng to dominate the world. To divide the world; the Song Dynasty relied on Hengshan Mountain to defend the world; the Jin Dynasty relied on Hengshan Mountain to defeat the world; the Yuan Dynasty destroyed the world and the Qing Dynasty unified the world also relied on the natural dangers along the Great Wall with Hengshan Mountain as the main body. Many emperors and famous generals have fought here. This is the most proud of the five mountains in Hengshan. And many ancient battlefield relics such as ancient passes, castles, and beacon towers have been preserved. It is magnificent and picturesque.
The entire Hengshan Mountains seem to be rushing from southwest to northeast. Mountains with an altitude of more than 2,000 meters stand side by side, stacked on top of each other, and their momentum is extremely broad and majestic. Therefore, Guo Xi, a painter of the Northern Song Dynasty, said: "Mount Tai is like sitting, Mount Huashan is like standing, Mount Song is like lying down, and Mount Chang is like walking." Its landscape characteristics can be summarized in four points: the peaks are rushing and majestic. This is the macroscopic feature of the natural landscape of Hengshan Mountain. . A poem by Jia Dao, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, said: "There are thousands of mountains and rocks, and the ghosts are so vast and unpredictable", which highlights the landform characteristics of Mount Hengshan. Climbing Mount Hengshan, you will see green pines and cypresses, temples and pavilions, exotic flowers and plants, strange rocks and secluded caves, which constitute the famous Eighteen Scenic Spots of Mount Hengshan. Eighteen scenic spots, each with its own merits, are like eighteen beautiful pictures, which are displayed in front of tourists in Cixia mist and rain, Yunge Hongqiao, Yunlu spring dawn, tiger's mouth hanging pine, Guolao fairy trail, cliff singing birds, sunset and evening light, Longquan sweet and bitter, secluded The flying clouds in the cave, the fireworks in the cave, the golden rooster crowing, the jade sheep wandering in the clouds, the clouds and flowers in the purple valley, the fat picture and brocade, the drunken moon in the fairy mansion, playing the piano on the yitai, and the wind in the pines on the top of the mountain. Coupled with the Hanging Temple, a unique wonder in the world, the entire Hengshan Mountain scenery is as picturesque as a poem, making tourists feel like they are in a paradise, lingering and lingering. In history, many famous scholars have made moving descriptions of Mount Heng. Ban Gu, a historian of the Han Dynasty, described the high peaks of Mount Chang and the high altitude of Mount Bei. In the poem "Beiyue Temple" written by Jia Dao of the Tang Dynasty, there are five mountains in heaven and earth, Hengshan Mountain is located in the north, and the mountains are stacked with strength, strange and unfathomable. Li Bai, the great poet of the Tang Dynasty, left his ink mark on Mount Hengshan called "Magnificent".
The main peak of Mount Hengshan is divided into two peaks: Dafeng Ridge in the east and Cuiping Peak in the west. The two peaks face each other and have a unique style, with cliffs and green belts and distinct layers. Jinlong Gorge is located between Tianfengling and Cuiping Peak. It is a deep canyon with cliffs standing on its sides, rocks sandwiching the blue sky, and the narrowest point is only three feet. This has been a battleground for military strategists since ancient times. During the Northern Wei Dynasty, Emperor Daowu sent tens of thousands of troops to cut the mountain and dig a road to defend it as a gateway to the Central Plains. In the Song Dynasty, Yang Ye and his son used the danger as a basis to resist foreign invasion.
The landscape of Hengshan Mountain, such as Guolaoling, Gusao Rock, Feisho Grotto, Huanhua Cave, Hufengri, Dayu Bay and other places, are full of magical colors and are accompanied by beautiful myths and legends. The hanging root pine, Zizhi Valley and Bitter Sweet Well are even more wonderful sights in the natural landscape. Bitter Sweet Well is located halfway up Hengshan Mountain. The two wells are side by side, 1 meter apart, and the water quality is completely different. The water in a well is like nectar, sweet and cool. It is several feet deep and inexhaustible. It can be drunk by ten thousand people. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Li Longji, gave it a plaque to Longquan Temple. The water from the other well is bitter and difficult to drink, which is a sharp contrast. Now the bitter well has been sealed. Hengshan pine is a scene of Hengshan Mountain. The four old pine trees, with their roots hanging outside the stone, clinging to the rock, stand proudly with a majestic posture. Viewing pine trees at Hu Feng Gate, they may stand on the Dan cliff or hang upside down on the cliff. They are like umbrellas, wings, pavilions, dragons and bridges, with various postures and manners. The clouds in Hengshan Mountain are ever-changing. Izumo Cave is located on the mountainside not far from Houtufu Temple. On a sunny day, the entrance of the cave is quiet. When rain comes, wisps of white clouds will swim out of the entrance of the cave, attracting people's reverie. Cultural relics and historic sites are scattered everywhere. The Hanging Temple at the foot of Hengshan Mountain, the Sakyamuni Pagoda of Fogong Temple in Yingxian County, the brick pagoda of Yuanjue Temple in Hunyuan City, and Yong'an Temple all occupy an important position in the history of ancient Chinese architecture.
During the Liao and Jin Dynasties, Hengshan was a cultural state at that time. There are many academy buildings, cliff inscriptions and couplets on steles. In addition, Hengshan Mountain is high and windy, and the climate changes drastically. Therefore, most of the buildings are built on the cliffs or carved out of the rocks, forming a unique and dangerous feature. In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, a temple was built in Hengshan, which has a history of more than 2,000 years. The main temple in Feisho Grottoes was first built in the Northern Wei Dynasty and rebuilt in the Tang, Jin and Yuan Dynasties. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were many buildings on Hengshan Mountain, with towering ancestral temples and towers, known as three temples, four ancestral halls, nine pavilions, seven palaces, eight caves and twelve temples.
Hengshan has been a place for Taoist activities for a long time. Zhang Guolao, one of the legendary eight-hole immortals, lived in seclusion in Hengshan. Hengshan Temple. Beiyue Temple is the main temple, as well as the bedroom palace, Hou Shifu Temple and Ziwei Palace. Guanting, White Tiger Temple, Dragon King Temple, Lingguan Mansion, Guandi Temple, Wenchang Temple, Nainai Temple, Chunyang Palace, Bixia Palace and other temple buildings, the Hanging Temple is the first wonder of Mount Hengshan. Beiyue Temple, built during the Hongzhi period of the Ming Dynasty (1501-1502 AD), is the most magnificent of the Hengshan temples. It is located under the stone wall south of Dafeng Ridge, the main peak of Hengshan Mountain. There are 103 stone steps in front of the door leading to the front and bottom to reach the mountain gate. The gate of Beiyue Temple has four characters: Zhenyuan Palace. There is a long couplet on the side of the door. The upper couplet reads: "Heng Yue is the eternal barrier in the Central Plains, but my holy pilgrimage has returned to horse shepherding and enlightenment for three hundred years." The lower couplet is Wenchang Six Stars. In Beiyue Temple, there is a statue of Emperor Beiyue. Under the front porch of Beiyue Temple, there are more than 20 inscriptions on the Qing Dynasty imperial sacrifices to Hengshan. These inscriptions serve as historical evidence and are valuable information for the study of Hengshan.
Another important landscape in the Beiyue Hengshan Scenic Area is the Hanging Temple. Xuankong Temple is located at the foot of Hengshan Mountain in Beiyue, on the west rock cliff in Jinlong Gorge, 5 kilometers south of Hunyuan County. The temple was founded in the late Northern Wei Dynasty (about 471523 AD), and the existing buildings are clearly relics built during the Ming and Qing dynasties. The Hanging Temple faces the west and faces the east, looking like exquisite, unique and exquisite jade carvings hanging on a huge screen. There are 40 palaces and pavilions in the temple. In the north and south, there are dangerous buildings with three eaves rising from the top of the mountain, facing each other. They are stacked in three layers from low to high, more than a hundred feet above the ground, attached to the cliff. They are surrounded by corridors on three sides and six palaces and pavilions, intersecting each other and connected by flying planks. The heights are staggered, the wooden stairs connect each other, and the layout is indescribably wonderful. The entire temple seems empty but real, dangerous but safe, and reality makes perfect, and danger can bring beauty. It is a kind of experience that cannot be experienced in other domestic temples. The sense of danger here firmly captures the curiosity of tourists. There are many statues in Xuankong Temple, including 78 bronze, iron, clay and stone statues. The clay sculptures in the Three Holy Temples have the charm of the Tang and Ming dynasties. Shiying, Wei Tuo, Tiannu and Ananda are plump and charming, while the graceful fairies, Wei Tuo Yingwu and Ananda are pious, each with its own charm. In the Hall of Three Religions, Sakyamuni, Laozi and Confucius all live in the same room. It is thought-provoking and the ancestors live in the same hall. It can be called a good story in the history of Chinese religions. In the Hanging Temple, there are Chao Palace, Huixian Palace, Bixia Palace, Chunyang Palace, Tower Pavilion, Bedroom, Dressing Pavilion, Imperial Stele Pavilion, etc.
Characteristics of Hengshan:
1. The Golden Pavilion is floating in the air and the empty towers are beautiful. Beiyue is silent in the deep mountains, but the scenery is no less beautiful. Zhenwu Temple, Chunyang Palace, Ten Kings Palace, Huixian Mansion, etc. all stand proudly on the top of the mountain. The most famous one is the Hanging Temple located on the side of Cuiping Mountain, with Qianren Cliff above and Qianren Cliff below. There is a famous legend in ancient times: Hanging Temple, half a sky high, with three horsetails hanging in the air. From a distance, this hanging temple looks like a crumbling golden light, which is breathtaking. After climbing into the temple, I discovered that the Hanging Temple is composed of three main buildings suspended in the middle of the cliff, hooked inside and outside. At the highest point, the Sanjiao Hall, you can overlook the Hengshui River at the bottom of the valley, with surging waves and thunderous thunder. Looking far into the distance, you can see Tianfengling on the opposite side, like a fierce dragon galloping. Only at this moment can I truly appreciate the artistic conception that Guo Xi, a great painter of the Song Dynasty, said about Mount Song as if it were lying down, Mount Tai as if sitting on it, Mount Huashan as if standing up, and Mount Hengshan as if it were walking.
2. A hundred gods are happy together, and the three religions are unified. Beiyue is a famous Taoist mountain. It is reasonable to enshrine the Jade Emperor, Beiyue Emperor and Lu Dongbin. In addition, Guanyin, Maitreya and Confucius of Confucianism are also enshrined. Especially in the Hall of Three Religions, the Jade Emperor, Sakyamuni and Confucius stand side by side on the high platform, sharing the fireworks of the world, which is a wonder of the Five Mountains. The integration of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism is a matter of course in people's minds, especially the history of Chinese culture, which itself is a history of the integration of the three religions.
During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Buddhist Hui Yuan, the Taoist Lu Jingxiu, and the Confucian Tao Yuanming once had anecdotes about discussing Taoism in the East Forest and the Three Roars of the Tiger River. But in fact, there are still differences between each other, especially Buddhism and Taoism. When Buddhism spread eastward to China, the eminent monks Kasyapa Mateng and Zhu Falan, in order to gain a foothold, asked Emperor Ming of the Han Dynasty to test the scriptures by fire. As a result, the Taoist scriptures were thrown into a brazier and turned into ashes; while the Buddhist scriptures were not burned, but were also released in the fire. The golden light. From then on, Buddhism replaced Taoism and became the state religion. Later, in order to revive the ancestral religion, some Taoist masters successively encouraged Emperor Wu of Wei, Emperor Wu of Zhou, and Emperor Wuzong of Tang to destroy Buddhism and promote Taoism. Therefore, there are few traces of Taoism in the four major Buddhist mountains; similarly, in the fairyland of Lingshan controlled by Taoism, there is absolutely no Buddhist Zen style. However, the Three Religions Hall on Hengshan Mountain in Beiyue has changed from the ancient style. The founders of the three religions are on the same stage, enjoying the incense of the world in peace, which can not but be said to be another spectacle. The reason is that Hengshan is located on the border of Sumo, so it naturally lacks many rules and regulations; in addition, in order to fight against humiliation, the disciples of the three religions had to form a united front to quell the border troubles.
The Hengshan Scenic Area has a temperate semi-arid continental climate with four distinct seasons, cold winters, dry and windy springs, concentrated rainfall in summer, and brief sunny spells in autumn. There is a big temperature difference between morning and evening here. An ancient poet wrote a poem: "The geese outside Yanmen Pass wear fur coats in the morning and gauze in the afternoon." The annual average temperature in the Hengshan area is 6.1°C. January is the coldest, with an average of -12°C, and July is the hottest, with an average of 21.6°C. The extreme maximum temperature is 35.9℃ and the extreme minimum temperature is -37.3℃, making it an ideal place to escape the heat.