"Passing the Old Friend's Village" is a five-character poem written by Meng Haoran, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. This is an idyllic poem, describing the quiet and peaceful life of a farmer's family and the warm hospitality of farmer friends. The poem is written in a friendly and natural way, with a strong flavor of farm life, which makes people yearn for it. The whole poem uses simple language, ordinary words, and a kind tone to describe an ordinary thing.
Original text:
An old friend invited me to Tian's house with chicken and millet.
The green trees are adjacent to the village, and the green mountains and hills are sloping outside.
Open a dining room and chat over wine.
On the Double Ninth Festival, I will come to see chrysanthemums.
Translation:
An old friend prepared a sumptuous meal and invited me to visit his country house.
Green woods surround the village, and green mountains lie outside the city.
Open the window and face the vegetable garden of the threshing floor, holding a wine glass in hand and chatting about the crops.
When the Double Ninth Festival comes, please come here to enjoy the chrysanthemums.
Appreciation:
The whole poem depicts the beautiful mountain village scenery and peaceful pastoral life. The language is plain and unremarkable, and the narrative is natural and smooth. There is no trace of exaggeration or carving, but the feelings are sincere. It has a mellow poetic flavor and the aesthetic appeal of "hibiscus emerges from clear water, leaving natural carvings behind", making it a masterpiece among pastoral poems since the Tang Dynasty.
The first couplet reads, "An old friend, Ju, invites me to Tian's house." "Gu" and "Invite" indicate that the owner of the dinner has been prepared for this dinner, indicating the old friend's enthusiasm and the sincere emotion between the two. .
The couplet "The green trees border the village, and the green mountains slant outside." Walking into the village, the author felt such a fresh and pleasant feeling as he looked around. The first sentence of these two sentences diffuses the surrounding area, surrounded by green trees, and appears to be a unified world of its own. The second sentence is lightly written, and the green mountains outside Guo are closely accompanying it, which makes the village not appear lonely and shows a broad vista.
The neck couplet "open the pavilion and enjoy the garden, and talk about mulberry and hemp over wine". As soon as the xuan window is opened, the beautiful scenery described in the previous sentence enters the house. The word "open the pavilion" also seems to be written very casually. Poetic, subtle movements show the heroism of the owner. Outside the window, the mountains are surrounded by green trees, and the glass is changed inside the window. This scene is an unparalleled pastoral painting of poetry and wine by the ancients.
The last couplet is "On the Double Ninth Festival, I will come back to see the chrysanthemums." Meng Haoran was deeply attracted by the farm life, so before leaving, he frankly expressed to the host that he would come back to see the chrysanthemums and taste the chrysanthemums on the Double Ninth Festival in the clear autumn air. Chrysanthemum wine. In just two lines of poetry, the warmth of old friends treating each other, the joy of being a guest, and the cordiality and harmony between host and guest are all vividly reflected on the page.
This poem has no traces of exaggeration and carving. Natural scenery, ordinary farmhouses, and mellow friendships, these ordinary life scenes, have the aesthetic appeal of "hibiscus emerges from clear water, and nature is stripped of carvings" . This light and approachable style is in harmony with the object of the author's description - the simple farmland. It shows that the form is highly adaptable to the content. It is tranquil and friendly but not boring.
Word and sentence annotations:
⑴ Guo: visit. Old Friend's Village: The farm of an old friend. Village, farm.
⑵ Tools: preparation, purchase. Chicken millet: refers to the sumptuous meal (literally chicken and yellow rice) served by farmers. Millet (shǔ): yellow rice, considered to be the finest grain in ancient times.
⑶Invite: Invite. To: arrive.
⑷合: Surround.
⑸Guo: The ancient city wall had two layers: the inner and outer walls, the inner city and the outer Guo. This refers to the outer wall of the village. skew (xiá): tilt. Because the ancient poem needs to rhyme with the previous sentence, it should be read xiá.
⑹Open: open, turn on. Xuan: window. Face: facing. Field: field, threshing floor, rice field; garden, vegetable garden.
⑺ Hold the wine: Hold the wine utensil, referring to drinking. To pick up: to pick up. Pick up. Talking about Sangma: chatting about farming. Mulberry: Mulberry and hemp. This generally refers to crops.
⑻ Double Ninth Festival: refers to the ninth day of September in the lunar calendar. The ancients had the custom of climbing high and drinking chrysanthemum wine on this day.
⑼Huán: return, come. Just chrysanthemum: refers to drinking chrysanthemum wine, which also means appreciating chrysanthemums. Just, to get close, to do something.
Creative background:
This poem is a description of the author's invitation to a farmhouse by a friend when he was living in seclusion in Lumen Mountain. The author was relaxed and happy, admiring the beautiful pastoral scenery, and created this poem.
Comments of the past dynasties:
"Wang Meng's Poetry Commentary": Liu Yun: Anyone who uses freedom to be aggressive is extremely so.
"Yingkui Lvsui": This poem is natural and has no trace of inscription.
"Sheng'an Poetry Talk": Meng Ji has a sentence "On the Double Ninth Festival, I will come back to see the chrysanthemums." The engraving version removes the word "jiu", and some people make up for it, either as "zui" or "zui". The word "reward", "fan", or "dui" are all different. Later, I found out that the word "jiu" in the rare book is "jiu", so I know its beauty.
"Excerpts from Tang Poems": The entire poem is spoken in a casual manner, with almost no ink on the tip of the pen. When it is shallow, it becomes deep; when it is light, it becomes dense; when it is old, it becomes charming. When the heat reaches this point, all traces of cooking are gone. Wang and Meng were called both, but they were dissatisfied with Meng. If this is done, why should I do it? The concluding sentence is Meng's words to his old friend, and he feels that his sincerity and sincerity are beyond words.
"Added Excerpts from Tang Poems": The word "Jiu" cannot be thought of, and if the word "Kan" is used, it will be tasteless.
"The Formation of Tang Poetry": Taking the ancient as the rhythm, we get the meaning of leisure and leisure, and make Jingjie into the modern style. It is nothing more than that.
"Tang Poems": The whole body is clear and wonderful. The word "Jiu" in the last sentence means to return to nature.
"Net Master's Garden Tang Poetry Notes": Wild scenery and tranquility (below the sentence "Give the wine").
"Wen Hexuan's Modern Chinese Textbook of the Early and Prosperous Tang Dynasty": The meaning is light and the conclusion is small. Although ancient and modern are different, they still have the same character. Fifth, if you want to be a foreign messenger, the couplets are also loose, and the word "Jiu" is new. "Ying Kui Lu Sui Review": Feng Shu: Every word is pearl, and the word "Jiu" is really good. Ji Yun: Wang's and Meng's poems are similar in large parts, but their physiques are slightly different. Wang Qing is far away, Meng Qing is cutting. If you fail to learn from Wang, the flow will be empty talk; if you fail to learn from Mencius, the flow will become shallow talk. Such a poem is naturally diluted, and the beginner's sudden and sudden response will be effective, and it will not be a slippery tune. "Modern Style of Tang Poems": The whole style is simple, but the meaning is clear and wonderful.