Su Shi's "Shui Long Yin, Zi Yun Zhang Zhifu Huayang Ci"

When Su Dongpo was demoted to Huangzhou, his good friend Zhang Zhifu wrote a poem "Hidden Water Dragon" and dedicated it to Huayang. Because the word was written in both form and spirit, exquisite in brushwork and vivid in spirit, it reached a high artistic level, so it was highly praised by scholars at that time and widely circulated for a period of time. Su Dongpo also likes Zhang Zhifu's Hidden Dragon, and wrote this poem "Hidden Dragon" to appreciate it and give it to others for appreciation, so that this eternal swan song can be passed down from generation to generation. The first part of this word is mainly about Huayang's erratic fate and inseparable way. "It is better to spend flowers than flowers, and no one regrets falling from teaching." The rhyme at the beginning is very similar. Reveals the essence and destiny of Yang Shuhua. "Flowers are not flowers": Yang Shuhua is catkin. Catkin is not a flower after all. They are very abstract in artistic techniques, but after careful consideration, this "abstraction" transcends the specific image and reveals the essence of catkins in one sentence. This sentence is similar to Ouyang Xiu's "Surrounding the Chu River and Mountain". Generally speaking, it's the same. Abstraction has produced an artistic effect different from others. Therefore, abstraction plays a magical role in artistic description. No one regrets teaching, but it was a painful experience. No one cherishes this flower. After all, it is not catkin, just let it fall and go with the wind. No one cherishes it, which is what the poet said: lost, no one loves. That's great. "When you are away from home, you are ruthless and thoughtful." This rhyme inherits the word "falling" in the rhyme, giving catkins a human temperament. The Road to Home says Huayang is wandering. Come to think of it, isn't it cruel for catkins to fall from branches and "run away from home"? However, catkins are floating on the road, but they are reluctant to go, and their love for "home" is vividly on the paper. It's really "ruthless and affectionate"! Thinking expresses his sadness and pain that he can't bear to leave. In fact, this is the poet's imagination, and "thinking" is the further deepening of "cherishing", which gives Huayang's erratic form a human touch. "My heart is broken, my eyes are sleepy, and I want to open and close." This rhyme inherits the "thinking" of the previous rhyme and adopts anthropomorphic techniques, which is extremely delicate and unique. It's amazing. From the beginning of "ruthless thinking" in Shangcheng, the poet spread the wings of imagination, comparing Huayang to a homesick young woman, concretizing and visualizing, and vividly displaying her complete image. Here, "thinking" has become the "melancholy" of homesick young women. Because of "melancholy", it is "lingering and sorrowful". The suffering of "melancholy" is "drowsiness", "drowsiness" is "charm" and "desire to open and close" The modality of this homesick young woman is described and portrayed by the poet in a very delicate way, thus vividly presenting the catkin falling with the wind, rising and falling, wandering and confusing, and fascinating form, which is really a stroke of genius. "Wan Li in the dream, looking for lang's place. Shang Kun's last rhyme replied: She misses her husband far away. This rhyme uses the poem "Drive the oriole away, don't cry on the branches". When she was dreaming, they woke her up. Don't cross western Liaoning. Dream with the wind, Wan Li "not only wrote a young woman's dream, but also collected catkins, as light as a dream. She fell asleep in sorrow and dreamed of meeting your husband Wan Li, but was cried by Yingying. From beginning to end, uptown is a character. Although he is chanting catkins, it is difficult to judge whether the poet is writing catkins or thinking about women. Catkin and thinking about women have reached the realm of "you have me and I have you", which seems to be a perfect harmony. Reminds me of a dream that Zhuangzi once had: "Zhouzhuang's dream is a butterfly, lifelike. I didn't know Zhou's dream was a butterfly, and it was a butterfly. "There must be differences between Zhou and Butterfly. This is called materialization. " The word "Xiaque" echoes uptown from a distance, mainly describing the destination of catkins, which is more emotional. "I don't hate this flower flying away, but I hate that the West Garden is difficult to compose." Based on the feelings of "pity" and "sorrow" in uptown, the poet was the first to leave the pavilion. This is also an opportunity to write catkins at a deeper level. This rhyme should be the same as the first rhyme of Uptown. "Like a flower, it is still like a non-flower, and no one is taught." On the surface, because catkins are like flowers, after all, they are not flowers, so there is no need to "hate". What should be "hated" is that the West Garden has fallen into English everywhere, "scattered into mud and crushed into dust" and a pool of duckweed is broken. "After the dawn of a spring rain, where did the catkins that" abandoned home "but" nobody cherished "dance with the wind go? Why did it disappear without a trace? " A pool of broken duckweeds is the answer. Seeing the broken duckweeds in the pool, the poet suddenly realized that the original noise had turned the flying catkins into duckweeds on the water. Here, "where is the trace" is the problem, "a pool of broken duckweeds" is the result, and "it rained at dawn" is the objective condition for catkins to become duckweeds. From the current scientific point of view, catkins become duckweeds. It is out of the question. But the poet could not bear to see the sadness of catkins disappear out of thin air, but was comforted. And the catkin duckweed was also known at that time. The sentence "Where are the Traces" is well written, which describes the poet's psychological state after the catkins disappeared after the spring rain, and plays the role of "connecting the preceding with the following". "Spring scenery three points: two. Write the fleeting sadness of spring in concise sentences. Although the flowers fall mercilessly and the good times don't last long, there is a "reward" in spring: some belong to dust and some belong to running water. Even so, it is "helpless", catkins no longer exist, and the beautiful spring is gone forever with the disappearance of catkins. "Cherish" catkins and then "cherish" spring. The poet's feelings are completely exposed. The sentence "three-point spring" is very clever. Dividing the landscape into several parts is not Su Dongpo's creation. Before the poet wrote this word, many poets and poets had written many similar sentences, such as "jathyapple is the best in the world, and Yangzhou is a rogue." And "the three-point spring is two points of sorrow and one point of wind and rain." These are all classic famous sentences. But we think about it. None of the above famous sentences is as ingenious as Su Dongpo's. "In detail, it is not a small flower, but a little tear." This last rhyme is the finishing touch, shocking the whole article with the conclusion. In the eyes of the poet, the bubbling catkins are actually "a little tears"! This rhyme takes care of the descriptions of "thinking about women" and "worrying" in Regret for the Past, and is a metaphor for novelty and refinement, bold and exaggerated imagination, deep and full feelings, smooth brushwork and endless aftertaste. That's great! Su Dongpo's "Harmony Words" and Zhang Zhifu's "Original Singing" have always been controversial. To sum up, there are three views: one thinks that "original singing" is better than "harmony words" and "melody is full of beauty"; Second, it is said that "harmony words" are better than "original songs", and "lingering is love, not redistribution"; Third, it is said that "original singing" and "harmony words" are swan songs, and "there is no room for arrogance". What happened? Don't jump to conclusions yet. Let's look at Zhang Zhifu's "original songs" first. The word says: "Yan is busy with oriole and lazy, and the flowers fall on the embankment." They fly lightly, dance wildly, and paint green forests, completely at a loss. When they are free, they are in the deep courtyard, and Nagato is closed. Bead curtains hang loosely, and they are lifted by the wind. It's strange that aquamarine people sleep. There are tears in the golden saddle. " In the face of an artistic treasure, everyone has his own aesthetic point of view, and it is normal for different aesthetic points of view to get different aesthetic enjoyment. But when two similar art treasures are placed in front of us, there is a problem of comparison of aesthetic values. "Being neither arrogant nor impetuous" is untenable, and there is bound to be a question of evaluating and choosing which is better or worse, either one or the other. As mentioned above, the brushwork is exquisite, light and vivid, and it is a rare masterpiece. However, Zhang Zhifu's "original singing" is dwarfed by Su Dongpo's "harmony words". Generally speaking, poetry "is not so much temperament as verve, realm, temperament and verve, realm." Therefore, although the description is exquisite and vivid, the temperament and charm are extraordinary, and it is "smart and gratifying", it is ultimately "weaving and embroidery kung fu", and "gratifying" is not touching, so it is much less than "harmony". Su Dongpo's "harmony", "emotion first", "praising things with spirit, reaching out with heavy pen" not only wrote the shape of Huayang. It has reached a superb artistic realm, thus gaining eternal artistic life. This is what Zhang Zhifu's "original singing" can't achieve. "Harmony" is better than "original singing", and it is also outstanding in artistic conception. On the whole, "original singing" did not jump out of the garden of chanting things and writing scenery, but "harmony" has a unique perspective. It uses anthropomorphic artistic techniques to recite. In line with the fate of "A Woman's Thinking", the scene blends and the thing and I are integrated. This is also unmatched by the original singer. In terms of language and artistic features, the original song is exquisite and ingenious, but it is just pouring large and small pearls into a plate of jade, and there are not many amazing and moving good sentences. Poetry without good sentences is like climbing a mountain without scenery, but it has shortcomings after all. The language of "harmonious words" is novel and unique. Moreover, there are many good sentences, such as "flowers are like flowers, but they are not flowers", "heartless and thoughtful", "I am worried and sleepy, and I want to open and close", "Spring scenery is divided into two parts: dust and water" and "a little bit of tears", etc., which are all remarkable and commendable. Zhang Zhifu Ci in Yuan Dynasty seems to be harmonious. "Rhythm lyrics, from form to content, are bound to be bound and restricted by the original song. Especially when the original singing has reached a high artistic level, it is not easy for "harmony" to surpass the original singing. However, Su Dongpo, with his outstanding artistic talent, wrote this excellent work of "singing in harmony like yuan", which is really a genius. Water Rhyme Huayang Ci is a classic of Su Dongpo's graceful ci. We not only appreciate the graceful demeanor of this unrestrained poet, but also experience the inner world of the poet's emotions. The unique artistic charm of this poem gives us endless aesthetic enjoyment.