Begonia originated in China. The flowers are constant, the buds are red and pink after flowering, and the stems are about 4 cm. Flower buds are mostly born on short and medium fruit branches, and open at the same time with leaves in early spring. Sex loves sunshine, avoids stagnant water, and is resistant to early and cold. Morphological characteristics of small deciduous trees of begonia. The bark is grayish brown and smooth. Leaves alternate, oval to oblong, slightly pointed at the apex, wedge-shaped at the base, with flat and blunt teeth at the edge, dark green shiny surface, gray-green pubescent at the back, slender petiole and two lanceolate stipules at the base. Bouquet of 5-7 flowers, umbrella-shaped racemes, which are red when not opened, gradually turn pink after opening, mostly semi-double, and few single flowers. Pears are spherical and yellow-green. The key points of begonia propagation are grafting, layering, cutting, dividing plants and sowing. Grafting before germination in spring or between July and September in autumn. Propagation by ramets before germination in spring or after defoliation in autumn and winter. Spring layering and root cutting. Before sowing in spring, the seeds must be treated with low temperature stratification to accelerate germination for 30 days-100 days. After planting seedlings, the soil should always be loose and fertile, and pond silt or fertile soil can be cultivated in the rhizosphere every autumn. Prune once in spring, cut off dead branches and weak branches, and keep tree-like evacuation, ventilation and light transmission. A brief history of begonia cultivation and flower culture. A pear flower presses Haitang. Begonia and rain. Begonia is a beautiful flower, which blooms beautifully. Since ancient times, it has been a famous flower that appeals to both refined and popular tastes. Known as the "fairy among flowers", "noble flower" and "noble flower". In the royal gardens, Magnolia, Peony and Osmanthus fragrans are often planted, forming the artistic conception of "Yaochi is rich". Scholars of all ages have many well-known poems praising Haitang. Lu You's poem said: "Although it is flashy, the emperor is really rich." Describe the beauty and elegance of begonia. In another poem by Lu You: "The scarlet parrot is extremely green and clever, and the overlapping calyx dazzles the morning sun." Describe the image of bright red flowers and green leaves of begonia flowers and lush flowers competing with Asahi. In Song Dynasty, Liu Youshi said: "Beautiful posture makes spring shine, plum blossoms lend light ... After several nights of rain, the fragrance is still there, but it is impossible to paint all the rouge ..." It describes Haitang as a demure lady, so it combines the advantages of plum and willow, which is charming and charming. After the rain, the fragrance is still there, and the fragrance of flowers is beyond words. No wonder Tang also compared the sleeping Yang Guifei to Haitang. In Chi Pan, Begonia flowers are planted on both sides of sidewalks, around pavilions, on the edge of jungles and on the seashore. Begonia flower is the material for making bonsai, and the cut branches can be used for decoration such as inserting bottles. Begonia flower has strong resistance to sulfur dioxide, which is suitable for urban street green space and mining area greening. In addition, some begonia fruits can be eaten and used medicinally. Flowers contain thick juice, which is a good source plant. Type of begonia: Xifu begonia: also known as red begonia. The flowers and leaves are in full bloom, and the unopened buds are red and pink after opening. Double flowers, flowers and brocade are very bright on the green leaves. Double Bai Haitang: Also known as Bai Haitang. Double white or reddish. The same species of begonia: there are about 35 species of begonia, and there are more than 20 species in China, most of which are for viewing. The most common variety cultivated in all parts of China is Malus pendula. When flowering, the pedicels are slender, the flowers droop and the color is dark rose. Often 4~7 flowers hang into a ball, hence the name. The flowering period of Begonia pendula is from April to May, and its color is gorgeous. Its varieties include double-petalled begonia and white-petalled begonia. Begonia, Begonia, Begonia Rosa, Begonia Rieger, Begonia Brazil, Begonia equisetifolia, Begonia Rieger, Begonia Antlers, Begonia Bulbous, Begonia Petaloides and Begonia sessiliforme should pay attention to: ① Water and fertilize. It is advisable to keep the basin soil moist when watering. In dry and midsummer weather, it is necessary to spray water on leaves and ground, and improving air humidity is beneficial to growth. Avoid water and rain in the basin, otherwise the roots will rot easily. Potted soil should be slightly dry in winter, and clean water should be sprayed on leaves and environment every 7 days, which not only increases humidity but also makes leaves clean. Apply 1 times pancake fertilizer and water for about 10 days during the growth period; Topdressing available phosphate fertilizer in bud stage. When applying fertilizer, be careful not to splash the fertilizer solution on the leaves; Flowering and winter and summer are not suitable for fertilization. ② illumination and temperature. The suitable temperature for the growth of Japanese begonia is 18~20℃, which has good ventilation and scattered light environment. Measures such as shading, ventilation and watering should be taken in high temperature season; It is best to keep the room temperature above 10℃ in winter, and it can be placed in a sunny place. When raised at home, it should be placed in outdoor scattered light 1~2 times a week during the growing period, and in a sunny place in winter. (3) Tie and turn over the pot. Because begonia plants are tall, they need to be supported by thin bamboo to prevent lodging. At the same time, turn over pots, change soil, prune branches and cut off weak branches, overlapping branches and residual roots every spring. Plants that have been flowering for 2~3 years and are too high should be cut short, leaving only 6~ 10 cm for new shoots to sprout again. Introduction of Camellia Cultivation Many people are exploring the cultivation methods of Camellia. Camellia, as a popular flower, has great ornamental value and medicinal value, but as the saying goes, "Cherry is delicious, but not easy to grow". Camellia is good, but it also needs certain cultivation methods. Only by proper methods can good camellia be cultivated. Let's take a look at the cultivation methods of potted camellia. Key to management of potted camellia cultivation methods: 1. The size of the pot and the proportion of pot seedlings should be appropriate. The best pot soil used is to add l/2-l/3 pine needles to the garden soil, and apply it after 1 year decay, and the effect is good. 2. The pot feeding time is winter 165438+ 10 or February-March in early spring. Pot feeding should be stopped near germination stage and avoided in high temperature season. 3. When the seedlings are newly put into the pot, the water should be poured enough and the bottom of the pot should be permeable. Drink water in moderation at ordinary times. The watering amount of potted camellia cultivation methods: the watering amount should change with the change of seasons: before and after Qingming, when the plants enter the growth and germination period, the watering amount should be gradually increased. After the new plants stop growing (around late May), watering should be properly controlled to promote flower bud differentiation. June is the rainy season, so water should be prevented. If there are signs of water accumulation, the basin surface should be tilted in time to let it flow away, otherwise the new roots will rot easily, causing the whole plant to wither and die. In summer and hot season, the evaporation on the leaves is large, so it is necessary to spray water on the leaves of varieties with thin leaves or plants with weak growth when necessary. Water spraying should be carried out in the early morning or evening, and water spraying is prohibited at noon. In early autumn in the south of the Yangtze River, "autumn tigers" often appear. At this time, watering to prevent drought is still a top priority. In winter, plants gradually enter the dormant period, and the watering times should be reduced accordingly. Cultivation method of potted camellia water temperature: the water temperature should be close to the soil temperature: it is forbidden to pour cold water under the scorching sun to avoid physiological maladjustment of roots and physiological defoliation. Precautions for watering potted camellia cultivation methods: Water according to the weather conditions and the reaction of plants: In hot or windy days, evaporation on leaves is accelerated, so water or spray more water. When the air humidity is high, reduce the amount of watering. If the leaves wilt due to drought, the plants should be immediately placed in the shade, watered and sprayed. When spraying water, in order not to make excess water sneak into the basin, the plastic film can be tied to the trunk and extended out of the basin. In this way, proper soil moisture can be maintained, and when the stems and leaves recover or sprout again, and the old leaves fall, they will be transferred to conventional management. (4) Water according to the habits of different varieties: generally, camellia varieties and fast-growing varieties with large leaves and flowers need more water, so water more. Precious varieties, such as' Ten Scenes',' Peach Blossoms',' Sprinkled Golden Beads',' Impatiens',' Green Beads', etc., have little evaporation, and excessive watering will cause leaves and buds. Shading and cold-proof cultivation method of potted camellia: Camellia likes warm and humid environment, too cold and too hot is not conducive to its growth and development. Generally, greenhouse cultivation is not needed. Sufficient sunshine should be given in spring and rainy season, otherwise the branches will grow thirsty, which will easily cause black spot disease and scale insect damage, and the branches will also be prone to moss medicine, leading to plant aging and death. In summer and autumn, it is necessary to shade and cool down in time. In winter, the natural cooling of mules or long-term low temperature will cause the basin soil to freeze and the plants to freeze to death, so anti-freezing measures must be taken in time. The suitable temperature for indoor potted seedlings in winter is 3-4℃. If the temperature exceeds 16℃, it will promote early germination, and even cause defoliation and bud drop in severe cases. The fertilization, pruning and pest control of potted camellia are basically the same as those of open field cultivation. The cultivation methods of camellia can promote the cultivation of fine varieties of camellia. Yunnan Nanshan tea should be planted in a place with deep soil, loose soil, good drainage and a little shade, and the seedlings should be potted for easy management. Its growing environment should be cool in summer and cultivated in greenhouse in winter. Mastering the cultivation methods of these camellias, I believe your camellias will be more beautiful.
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