At the beginning, it was clear that "poetry and books on the pillow are idle, and the scenery in front of the door is rainy" comes from the word "Chuan Huan Xi Sha" by Li Qingzhao. This poem was written in the author's later years. It is a lyric poem, mainly about her life after a serious illness, which is euphemistic and moving. These words describe ordinary life scenes and are naturally low-key, but they are very attractive to read.
The best way to get a glimpse of Li Qingzhao's mood and emotion from these two sentences: "Poems and books are idle, and the scenery in front of the door is beautiful in rain" is to go into the word itself, into the text, into the background of the word, and interpret the poet's mood and emotion through knowing people and discussing the world. The exact words are as follows:
The sideburns have gradually become sparse, with white hair, lying in bed, looking at the waning moon on the window screen. Boil cardamom into boiling soup, and you don't have to eat it in the spirit of tea.
How easy it is to read with a pillow, and the scenery is better before the rain. Accompany me all day, only the deep and reserved osmanthus.
The opening sentence, "When you are sick, your temples glow and you lie down and watch the broken moon", describes the image of a person who has been ill for a long time. Although he is still a little haggard, the poet's spirit is still good. After taking a shower, he sat in front of the dresser and looked in the mirror. In the mirror, she saw her own "Two Temples", and the lyrics were based on such a life scene.
It can also be seen from this sentence that the poet has been in bed for a long time because of illness. Now that her condition has improved, the poet's mood has also improved. She can get out of bed and walk now.
It turned out that after Li Qingzhao's southern expedition, life was once in trouble. First, her husband Zhao Mingcheng died of illness, and she had to start a wandering life for five years alone. During this period, she regarded a large number of ancient books and stone carvings as her life, which were "scattered into clouds" in the war, and precious stone carvings and paintings were repeatedly stolen.
Originally, she had had enough of the disaster, and now she is in trouble. It happened that several villains specially picked things up and took this opportunity to hit people when they were down. They falsely accused Li Qingzhao of giving the jade pot collected at home to Jin people, and secretly impeached her to the court on the grounds of alleged collaboration with the enemy.
This incident made Li Qingzhao "dare not speak, so she tried her best to throw the bronzes and other things at home out of the court." Li Qingzhao wanted to give the bronzes and other things left at home to the court as soon as possible to reduce her suspicion of collaborating with the enemy. Li Qingzhao described the state of mind at that time in "The Official Ceremony of the Inner Han Dynasty": "I want to be educated because of illness, but I don't care about it." This serious illness was because she was deeply bound by the world, suffered all kinds of slander, and even once went to prison.
After the vicissitudes of fate, Li Qingzhao was almost exhausted at this time. At the age of 49, Li Qingzhao was in a state of fear and anxiety and was seriously ill. However, Li Qingzhao survived with tenacious perseverance and timely help from her friends.
This song "Breaking Huanxisha" was written by Li Qingzhao when she first recovered from a serious illness. The lyrics describe an ordinary life scene, that is, the scene where she is sick. Because the poet recovered from a serious illness and cleared all kinds of slander, his mood gradually improved, so he filled in this word.
In front of the dressing table, the poetess who had recovered from a serious illness looked at herself in the mirror. Although she has not fully recovered, everything is fine in the end, which also paves the way for the following description.
The phrase "lying and watching the broken moon on the window screen" is the transfer of time and the life scene has also changed. When the screen window is on the moon, time transits directly from morning to night.
The word "lying down and watching" is obviously a profile description of her physical condition. Because she has recovered from a serious illness and her physical strength has not fully recovered, she is not suitable for sedentary. She was weak, so she sat for a while and went back to bed. Nevertheless, it is enough to show that the poet's mood is more leisurely.
Because when Li Qingzhao is in a bad mood, she will integrate this emotion into her own poems. For example, in the word "Huanxisha", she once said that "the small courtyard window is already deep in spring, and the heavy curtain is not heavy." The sentence and lyrics of "leaning against the building and ignoring the lyre" all reveal the poet's feelings of hurting spring, sadness and melancholy.
On the other hand, Li Qingzhao at this time, although her body has not recovered completely, her mood has been much better. It can be seen that the word "lying and looking" is very vivid in expression, including the words that the poet wants to express, and all the words are conveyed through the word "lying and looking".
"The waning moon on the window screen" means that at this time, the moon is half bent and the waning moon begins. Judging from the time, it's just late at night, and it's not time to go to bed. Of course, a sick person can't sleep too late, but she's not sleepy, so she has to lie down through the screen window and watch half the moon. This is another life scene.
From the above, these two sentences describe the poet's life scene from morning till night. They are simple sketches, but they reveal a lot of information: the life state of a person who has recovered from a serious illness.
In fact, the last film wrote two important things, one was lying watching the waning moon, and the other was decocting medicine. "The cardamom blooms, regardless of tea" is the second thing, because the body is not completely well. At night, the poet is bored and can't do anything, so he has to lie in bed and watch the waning moon, not only enjoying the beautiful moonlight, but also killing the long night.
What is "cardamom" in the lyrics? Cardamom was originally the name of a plant, but it is also a Chinese herbal medicine. Its seeds are fragrant and can be used as medicine. Li Shizhen, a medical scientist in the Ming Dynasty, recorded in Compendium of Materia Medica: "Cardamom can treat diseases by taking its pungent heat, floating and dispersing, entering Taiyin and Yangming, removing cold and dampness, and promoting digestion."
Cardamom is a kind of medicinal material, which is not only found in Li Qingzhao's ci. In the Song Dynasty poet Zhang's "Xijiang Moon", he wrote: "If you don't wear a tuxedo, you will lose your waist in the mirror." The cardamom has a shadow. It's easy to know whether you're not involved. "
From Li Qingzhao's words of using cardamom, we can see that the poet is still cooking Chinese medicine. First, his body is not fully recovered, and second, he is recuperating in the recovery stage.
What does "boiled water" mean in these two sentences? It turns out that "boiled water" is a commonly used drink with medicinal function in Song Dynasty. Just like the poet Li Qingzhao said, "Cardamom is fried in boiling water", which is a drink made of cardamom and cardamom, and has the functions of health care and conditioning.
At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, The Stone Forest Guang Ji written by Chen, a native of Chong 'an, Jianzhou, was an encyclopedia of ancient folk life books. The seventh volume of the book specifically records the method of making "cardamom boiled water": "When making boiled water in summer, first pour 100 boiled soups into bottles, and then put them into the things used. If you seal the bottle, it will smell twice as fragrant ... Pick up the nutmeg shell and put it in a boiling soup bottle for sealing. It's wonderful. Seven at a time is enough. Don't use it too much, it will be fragrant and turbid. "
Like "boiled water", "dividing tea" was also a way for people to make tea with boiled water in the Song Dynasty, and this cooking method was very particular in the Song Dynasty. Yang Wanli, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, wrote in the poem "Sitting in a temple and watching people divide tea": "It is better to divide tea than to fry tea, and frying tea is better than splitting tea. Steamed water, old Zen, spring hand, Longxing Yuan Chunxin jade claw. " Such an exquisite way of drinking tea was still very popular among the literati in the Song Dynasty.
Therefore, sharing tea is an ingenious and elegant way of drinking tea and a traditional tea ceremony in China. The method is to take tea soup with a teaspoon and pour it into a cup to drink, which also shows the preference and attention of Song people to drinking tea.
And what does Li Qingzhao mean by "toner tea"? According to the literal meaning and literal meaning, we can know that it is good not to drink tea. Why? This involves the medicinal properties of traditional Chinese medicine, because tea is cool, contrary to the medicinal properties of cardamom, and it is forbidden to take it, that is, it cannot be taken at the same time. People who are weak or recovered from a long illness are not suitable for drinking tea.
Therefore, the word "Mofen tea" is easy to understand. Li Qingzhao's implication is that since the body is not allowed to drink tea, it is right to use cardamom to boil water instead of drinking, which means taking medicinal tea.
The meaning of the word echoes the opening here, so you can imagine the scene and atmosphere at this time: the poet in the boudoir is lying on the bed, and the room is quiet at this time, and the moonlight shines obliquely on the window screen, and the environment is very quiet.
At this time, the "boiling water" on the charcoal fire exudes fragrance, so the quiet environment is actually more suitable for aftercare after illness, and the atmosphere created by the lyrics is more obvious.
The title of the next film reads: "The poetry book on the pillow is good, and the scenery in front of the door is good." If you look carefully at the scene described by the poet, this is another way of writing in time and space. Obviously, the meaning of this word is no longer the moonlit night in the last movie, but the scene of life during the day. These are actually several scenes of Li Qingzhao's life after her illness, and the poet skillfully merged into one word.
These two sentences are a portrayal of the poet's real life. On a certain day, the poet's health improved day by day, and he was in a good mood to study.
Reading your favorite poems and ancient books in your spare time is enjoyable and comfortable, and it is also casual when reading. The word human rights is just a pastime to kill time.
It is also interesting to take a walk in the yard after reading books. After all, it is more or less a happy thing for a person who has been ill in bed for a long time to start working in the fields. This time, the poet walked in the yard, and it rained. The scene in the rain was different.
The poet really felt the beauty of natural scenery, and she thought it was a happy thing. So the artistic conception of "beautiful scenery in front of the door" was formed in the poet's mind, which is also the situation that the poet's sense of reality was affected.
At the end of the two sentences, "I borrow more from people all day and spend more time with osmanthus." What is it about? It turned out to be August, and the sweet-scented osmanthus in the yard was fragrant. Turpentine is the scientific name of osmanthus fragrans. The flowers are small and yellowish, but the fragrance is very strong.
When Li Qingzhao described plum blossoms in Jade Tower Spring, she also wrote: "I don't know how much incense I used, but I can see infinity." She used the word "rhyme" to capture the delicate fragrance of plum blossom and the posture of plum blossom in full bloom, vividly showing the full spirit of plum blossom.
Li Qingzhao also used the word "cloud borrowing" to describe the sweet-scented osmanthus in the yard in "Chuan Huan Xi Sha", describing the characteristics of elegant and light color and faint fragrance of sweet-scented osmanthus, which is similar to the word "cloud borrowing" used to describe plum blossoms. From these two sentences, we can see the poet's soul and wisdom, and we can also see that the poet likes osmanthus very much.
Li Qingzhao used the word "borrowing people all day" to describe the fragrance of osmanthus. In fact, it has personified osmanthus. In the eyes of the poet, osmanthus has become the embodiment of profound knowledge, broad mind and generosity. This sentence is both realistic and spiritual, which vividly describes the delicate patterns and rich fragrance of osmanthus fragrans and expresses the author's love for turpentine.
The osmanthus in the yard is accompanied by poets, who can come to the yard every day to watch this "first-class osmanthus in flowers". In fact, this also shows the poet's outstanding aesthetic taste. Isn't this the portrayal of the poet himself?
After Li Qingzhao crossed to the south, Tan Po's Huanxisha Ci was unique, with simple and natural language, deep feelings and relaxed and lively style, which also reflected the poet's self-enjoyment mood. Of course, all this is determined by the poet's liberation psychology after his initial recovery from a serious illness, which is the so-called "words are born for love."
Her poems reveal rich and delicate feelings, which she melts into every segment of life, whether it is the sideburns in front of the dresser or the lack of moon in the window screen, the leisure of reading on the pillow and the appreciation of osmanthus in the courtyard, all of which reflect the poet's delicate feelings.
The poet also integrated these life scenes into his poems with women's unique emotional experience, which was full of life pictures. These lyrics and scenes are like elegant and leisurely flowing streams, and also like sweet-scented osmanthus in lyrics, which are carefully tasted and memorable.