Where does this sentence come from? -Liu Yuxi's "The First Meeting in Yangzhou" in the Tang Dynasty
The complete original text is like this:
The mountains were desolate and silent for twenty-three years.
People come back. Like people in Michelle, I can only play the flute, and I am disappointed.
On one side of the boat, Qian Fan races; At the head of the sick tree, every year is a spring shower.
Today, listen to you sing a song, drink a glass of wine and cheer up.
I also released a translation for your understanding:
He was relegated to these desolate places of Bashan and Chushui, and spent 23 years in poverty.
The old days of remembering old friends and reciting Xiao Fu in vain no longer exist.
There are still thousands of sailboats from Qian Qian passing by the capsized ships; There are thousands of trees thriving in front of the dead trees.
After listening to the poem you recited to me today, I will cheer up with this glass of wine for the time being.
Here are some words that I think are more important. Let me explain them to you separately:
Reward: thank you, reward, which means answering with poetry. Answer with poetry.
Lotte: refers to Bai Juyi, the word lotte.
Gift: Give it to (me).
Bashan Chushui: refers to Sichuan, Hunan and Hubei. In ancient times, eastern Sichuan belonged to Pakistan, while northern Hunan and Hubei belonged to Chu. After Liu Yuxi was demoted, he moved to remote areas such as Langzhou, Lianzhou, Kuizhou and Hezhou. Here, "Bashan Chushui" is used to refer to these places.
Twenty-three years: Liu Yuxi was demoted to Lianzhou secretariat from Yongzhenyuan year (805) in Tang Shunzong, and was called in the winter of Baoli year (826), about twenty-two years. Because the exile is far from Beijing, in fact, it will not be until the second year to return to Beijing, so it is 23 years.
Self-abandonment: refers to the exiled poet himself. Location: location. Abandoned: downgraded (zhé).
Nostalgia: miss old friends.
Chant: chant.
Wendy's Fu: It refers to the Fu of Thinking of the Old written by Xiang Embroidery in the Western Jin Dynasty. At the end of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms, Xiang Xiu's good friends Ji Kang and Lu An were killed because they were dissatisfied with Sima's usurpation of power. Later, Xiang embroidery passed by the former residences of Ji Kang and Lu An, and when she heard her neighbor playing the flute, she couldn't help but feel sad, so she wrote "Nostalgia". The preface says: I passed by Ji Kang's former residence and remembered him because I wrote this fu. Liu Yuxi used this allusion to commemorate the dead Wang, Liu Zongyuan and others.
Arrive: Arrive.
It seems: it seems. Turn: adverb, and vice versa.
Rotten people: refers to the quality of Jin people. According to legend, the king of Jin went up the mountain to chop wood, and when he saw two boys playing chess, he stopped to watch. By the end of the game, the handle of his axe was rotten. Back in the village, I realized that one hundred years had passed. All my contemporaries have passed away. The author uses this allusion to express his feelings of being demoted for 23 years. Liu Yuxi also used this story to express that the world is cold and the personnel are completely different. The next year is like a world far from home.
Shipwreck: This is the poet's metaphor for shipwrecks and diseased trees.
Side: next to it.
Song 1: refers to Bai Juyi's "Drunken Gift to Twenty-eight Ambassadors of Liu".
Dragon spirit: zhǎng up. Dragon: grow up, come on.
If you only read the article, it may be difficult to understand the meaning, so you have to interpret it in combination with the creative background of the article at that time:
This poem was written in the second year of Emperor Jingzong of the Tang Dynasty (AD 826). Liu Yuxi went on strike and returned to Luoyang, and Bai Juyi returned to Luoyang from Suzhou. When they first met in Yangzhou, Bai Juyi gave Liu Yuxi a poem at a banquet, and Liu Yuxi wrote this poem to answer.
Liu Yuxi likes playing Go since he was a child. He has a good relationship with the chess player Wang, who teaches the prince to play chess. When the prince became emperor, his teacher Wang formed a cabinet and promoted his chess friend Liu Yuxi as the suggestion. Later, after the failure of Wang Group's political reform, Liu Yuxi was demoted to other places to be an official, and was recalled to Beijing in the second year (AD 826). Passing through Yangzhou in winter, I met Bai Juyi who was also demoted. Bai Juyi wrote a song "Drunk to the Twenty-eight Ambassadors of Liu" at the banquet as a greeting: "Bring me a glass of wine and sing a song with you. Although your poetry is first-class and can be called a national champion, it is doomed that you can't get it. Dou Rong's eyes are decent, but you stay lonely for a long time. Full officials have their own satisfactory positions, but you are empty. I also know that the name of the joint is folded, and it has been folded too much in 23 years. " Bai Juyi expressed his sympathy and grievance for Liu Yuxi's relegation in his poems. So Liu Yuxi wrote this song, "The First Meeting in Yangzhou Will Enjoy Lotte", and gave it back to Bai Juyi.
Having said that, let's appreciate and comment on this article together:
"Yangzhou's first banquet to enjoy Lotte" is an open-minded expression of the changes of the world and the ups and downs of officials. It shows the poet's firm belief and optimistic attitude, but also implies philosophy, which indicates that new things will definitely replace old things.
The first couplet of this poem shows the author's extraordinary lyric ability. Liu Yuxi was persecuted for actively participating in the political reform movement led by King Shunzong. Under the joint counterattack of eunuchs and buffer regions, Shunzong gave way to Xianzong, Wang was killed and Liu Yuxi was demoted. He was banished to Langzhou (now Changde, Hunan), then to Lianzhou (now Lianxian, Guangdong), and then to Kuizhou (now Fengjie, Chongqing) and Hezhou (now Hexian, Anhui), and never left his official residence. Kuizhou was the land of Chu in the Warring States Period, while Kuizhou belonged to Ba County in the Qin and Han Dynasties. Chu is full of water and Ba county is mountainous. "Bashan Chushui" generally refers to degraded land. Liu Yuxi didn't directly talk about his innocence and the strong injustice of being demoted for a long time, but through the rendering of emotional words such as "desolation" and "abandonment", readers can understand and sympathize with the author's long-term exile life experience and feel the poet's pent-up anger, which has strong artistic appeal.
Liu Yuxi used two allusions to connect poems. The first is Wendy Fu, which refers to Xiang embroidery's Thinking of Old Fu in the late Cao Wei period. Xiang embroidery was good friends with Ji Kang and Lu An, who were killed by Sima Shi. When Xiangxiu passed by their former residence, she heard her neighbors playing flutes, and her voice was "bold". Xiang embroidery sighed and wrote "Thinking of the Old" to express her nostalgia for Ji Kang and Lu An. The other is "Rotten Coleman". According to "Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio", Wang Jinshan, Jin cut wood. Seeing two boys playing chess, he watched the game and found that the "gram" (the wooden handle of the axe) in his hand was rotten. When Wang Zhi went down the mountain and returned to the village, he realized that one hundred years had passed and all his contemporaries had died. The sentence of "nostalgia for the past" expresses the poet's mourning for the dead comrade-in-arms Wang, and the sentence of "arrival at home" expresses the poet's sigh over the passage of time and personnel changes. Appropriate allusions and deep feelings. "Township" refers to Luoyang. One is called "county", and the county refers to Yangzhou. Yangzhou was the seat of Huainan Commissioner's Office at that time, and Hezhou belonged to Huainan Road.
In Bai Juyi's poem, there are two sentences: "The scenery is long and lonely, and the official position of the Manchu dynasty is abolished", which means that all the contemporaries have been promoted, and only you have wasted your life alone in a desolate place, which is quite unfair to Liu Yuxi. In this regard, Liu Yuxi wrote in his poems: "Qian Fan is on the side of the shipwreck and Wan Muchun is in front of the sick tree." Liu Yuxi compared himself to a sunken ship and a sick tree. Although he is disappointed, he is quite philosophical. On the side of the sunken ship, Qian Fan is competing; Before a sick tree, everything is spring. He excavated these two sentences from Bai Juyi's poems, but encouraged Bai Juyi not to grieve for his loneliness and waste, showing his open mind about the changes of the world and the rise and fall of his official career. These two poems echo from a distance with Baishi's poems "There is nothing I can do" and "I also know that the combination of talented people and fame is broken", but their ideological realm is higher and their significance is much deeper than Baishi's poems. Twenty-three years of relegation did not make him depressed. As he wrote in another poem: "Sang Yu is late because the sky is still full of summer." His sick tree needs to be refreshed to welcome spring. Because these two poems are vivid, they are still often quoted and given new meanings, which shows that new things will replace old things.
It is precisely because of the sudden emergence of couplets in "Sinking Boat", which changed the sad and depressed mood in front, the couplets went down with the trend and wrote: "Listen to a song by Jun today, and rely on a glass of wine for the time being, and the spirit will grow." Point out the meaning of Bai Juyi's problem. Poets are not just depressed, but stroke by stroke, comforting and encouraging each other. He hasn't completely lost confidence in life. Although this poem is deeply emotional, it gives people a feeling that it is not depressing, but exciting.
In this poem, Liu Yuxi adopted a step-by-step approach. The first couplet, the first layer of the poem, first describes the experience of innocent being demoted, which sets the tone of anger for the whole poem. The second couplet of this poem, through mourning for the victims and the scene that he returned to his hometown as if isolated from the world, deepened his anger. The third layer of poetry, pushing one step further, compared his fall with the rise of the nouveau riche, and the poet's self-motivation reached its peak. Couplets, the fourth level of poetry, take a sharp turn for the worse, indicating that they are not negative and discouraged. Be energetic and enterprising, re-engage in life and end up with self-encouragement. Layers of depth, concise and profound. Anger is not shallow, affection is not deep, melancholy is not decadent, which can be called Liu Yuxi's masterpiece. Liu Yuxi's indomitable perseverance in this poem has given great inspiration and encouragement to future generations, so it has been passed down from ancient times to the present and is praised by people.
Finally, about the author Liu Yuxi? I believe everyone is familiar with it. Here I will briefly introduce:
Liu Yuxi (772 ~842) was born in Luoyang, Henan, and Xingyang, Zhengzhou, Henan. He claimed to be a descendant of Wang Jing in Hanzhong. Ministers, writers and philosophers in the Tang Dynasty were called "poets". His family is a scholarly family handed down from generation to generation by Confucianism. Advocating political innovation is one of the core figures of the Wang school's political innovation activities. Later, Yongzhen failed in innovation and was demoted to Sima Langzhou (now Changde, Hunan). According to the textual research of Mr. Zhou, a historian and collector in Changde, Hunan Province, Liu Yuxi was demoted to Sima Langzhou, during which he wrote the famous "Han Shou Chun Wang".