What can you do? The heart is far from being self-centered. Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, you can see Nanshan leisurely.
The weather is getting better every day, and the birds are back. That makes sense. I forgot what I wanted to say.
My home is built on a busy road, and people live together, but I never bother to entertain the noise of cars and horses. Ask me how I can be so extraordinary, free and easy, and my mind is naturally quiet and far away from the world.
Picking chrysanthemums under the east wall, I was in a trance, and suddenly I looked up at the scenery of Nanshan. In the twilight, colorful fog fills the air, and flocks of birds return to the embrace of Xiangyuan Mountain.
How can I express the profound meaning of life? Appreciation 1. This is the fifth song in Twenty Drinks. The main purpose of poetry is to show the poet's thinking process of understanding the "true meaning" by using the theory of "forgetting the image with pride" in Wei and Jin metaphysics, which is full of rational interest.
However, it is not a boring philosophical deduction. The poem writes about carefree feelings and beautiful distant scenery. In the realm of scene blending, there is a philosophy that everything is in its place and entrusted for life. This philosophy is refined and condensed by the poet into epigrams such as "the heart is far away from oneself" and "the truth is inside", which gives readers rational enlightenment and makes the rhyme of the whole poem more beautiful and profound.
In the Song Dynasty, Zhu said: "Although the figures in Jin and Song Dynasties are still lofty, they all want official positions. Here, they speak freely, and there, they demand rights and goods. Can Tao Yuanming really have it? This is higher than the figures in the Jin and Song Dynasties. "
The scenery at dusk and the endless fun that poets get from it. It shows the poet's true feelings and noble personality of loving rural life.
This poem is very good, and the beauty lies in the true feelings. Everything is natural. At the beginning, he said, "Building a house on earth, but there is no sound of horses and chariots." He built his house on earth, but he couldn't hear the sound of horses and chariots, so there must be "sound of horses and chariots." Why not? He asked himself, "I asked you why not", that is, I asked you what brought you to this point. Then he replied that "the mind is far from biased", which is also enlightening to us today, that is, we live in a very modern and noisy society today, and it is impossible to live in seclusion in the mountains like Tao Yuanming's time. In this very lively reality, as long as each of us stays away from some fame and fortune, some material pursuits and some secular officialdom, then the place where we live will become remote and our mood will become quiet.
We will also overcome some impetuous emotions and make ourselves very quiet, which is very beneficial to our self-cultivation of life and social peace. Tao Yuanming's famous phrase "Picking chrysanthemums under the hedge, leisurely seeing Nanshan" is a bow, "Picking chrysanthemums under the hedge" is a bow, and "leisurely seeing Nanshan" is crooked. Under the "picking chrysanthemums under the east fence", he inadvertently looked up to see Nanshan, the beautiful Nanshan is Lushan Mountain, and Lushan Mountain in his hometown suddenly jumped into his eyes.
So the word "see" is well used. Su Dongpo once said: If you change this "looking" Nanshan to "looking" Nanshan, it will be boring. Then he said, "The weather in the mountains is getting better every day, and birds are singing and flowers are fragrant", which means that the natural landscape in the mountains is good in the morning and evening. At night, the birds call their friends and return together. It is in this natural atmosphere that nature returns to the nest.
So from such a very natural and frank artistic conception, Tao Yuanming felt a certain situation in life. However, such a very delicate situation is difficult to express in words, so it can only be expressed in words, so "I forgot what I wanted to say."
3. The theme of poetry is to show the poet's thinking process of understanding the "true meaning" by using the theory of "forgetting the image with pride" in the metaphysics of Wei and Jin Dynasties, which is full of rational interest. However, it is not a boring philosophical deduction.
The poem writes about carefree feelings and beautiful distant scenery. In the realm of scene blending, there is a philosophy that everything is in its place and entrusted for life. This philosophy is refined and condensed by the poet into epigrams such as "the heart is far away from oneself" and "the truth is inside", which gives readers rational enlightenment and makes the rhyme of the whole poem more beautiful and profound. Whether Tao Yuanming wants it or not is higher than the figures in the Jin and Song Dynasties. "
This poem is a sculpture of different spiritual characteristics of this poem. Unlike ordinary hermits, he flaunts that he was born outside the dust, but "building a house is based on human feelings"; He is in a "human environment", but he can achieve "no car and no horse" and not dye worldly things.
What is the reason? The poet said meaningfully: "The heart is far from self-centered". Peace of mind, peace of mind
If you don't seek fame and fortune, even if you live in a downtown area, it's like living in a deep mountain. This profound truth is plain and touching by the poet.
Poetry skillfully uses symbolism. "The bird is tired of flying, but it knows it is back." The birds coming back in the evening photos are in harmony with the people who see the mountains leisurely, as if they all found their homes in this quiet mountain forest.
Historical Background In 4 16 AD, Emperor Wu of Song mobilized the national army to crusade against the post-Qin Dynasty in five ways from east to west. First conquer Luoyang, and then recover the old capital of the Western Jin Dynasty.
In the second year, we conquered Chang 'an. After a hundred years of vicissitudes, Chang 'an was finally recovered by the Jin Army.
When the news reached the south of the Yangtze River, the ruling and opposition parties in the Eastern Jin Dynasty were jubilant. Emperor Wu of Song greatly expanded individual rights through the Northern Expedition.
In order to please Emperor Wu of Song, the imperial court appointed Emperor Wu of Song as the prime minister, took charge of state affairs, made him Duke Song, and added nine tin to the ten counties of Shiyi, above the princes. Emperor Wu of song pretended to refuse. Everybody knows at a glance that the imperial court is in the hands of Emperor Wu of Song. If he wants something, the court has to give it to him by imperial decree.
He wants to be a court, and today's court has to make way for him quickly, which is a matter of time. That autumn, Tao Yuanming was always unhappy.
He has already seen through, the luck of the Eastern Jin Dynasty has been exhausted, and it is only a matter of time before Emperor Wu usurped the throne. He felt sad and depressed about it all day. As long as the Eastern Jin Dynasty exists, great-grandfather Tao Kan's achievements will be brilliant and shine on his country.
Once the Eastern Jin Dynasty perished, it was written off. He also believes that everything is developing and changing, and the rise and fall, honor and disgrace are constantly changing alternately.
As big as a country, as small as a family. It's no use worrying about these. Drink more wine and have a good sleep.
As long as Tao Yuanming gets the wine, there is no night when he gets drunk without drinking it. He realized that life in the world is as short as lightning.
2. I am anxious ~ ~, seeking not to be fettered by the secular, and the more poems I retire from the mountains, the better. I like drinking best (Tao Yuanming)
Building a house is human, and there are no horses and chariots.
What can you do? The heart is far from being self-centered.
Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, you can see Nanshan leisurely.
The mountains are getting better and better, and the birds are back.
This makes sense. I forgot to say it if I wanted to defend myself.
The artistic conception of this poem shows the author's seclusion and his carefree, quiet and elegant state of mind. "What can I ask you? The reason for this mentality is revealed in one sentence, "The heart is far from biased. "Tao Qian has a profound understanding of Zen, which even makes the artistic realm of this poem feel ethereal and makes people feel immersive. If it is in the celestial world, it is not in the five elements. So it is difficult to understand the author's mentality at that time. Tao Qian was a great hermit in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Objectively speaking, because I don't want to go along; Subjectively, it is because of one's own temperament, because people are always moving towards one's own nature. When there is a conflict between nature and acquired temperament, there will be great sadness. Then discard it and get fish or bear's paw. On the other hand, Tao Qian returned to the mountains with his paws, because he loved Akiyama. Therefore, although the artistic conception of this poem is leisurely, it is quite different.
"Building a house is in a humanistic environment, but there are no chariots and horses." At first glance, I only feel clean and carefree, and I feel the author's sorrow after careful consideration. If you live in a secluded place for a long time, you yearn for noisy voices and human nature. A sentence of "nothing" shows the author's regret. "What can I ask you? The heart is far from biased. " I didn't ask when I saw it, but I actually asked myself, sounded the alarm, and finally suddenly turned around. I didn't come to Thailand, and then I looked at the green mountains and green waters in front of me, feeling relaxed and happy, thinking of the past of daily life. What a free and elegant scene, the word "see" is unforgettable and imaginative. Wine is a wonderful thing. Forget the temporary troubles, make everything hazy and fuzzy, reach the extreme of beauty, and have feelings in the scene. This is the pinnacle of experience. "The mountains are getting better every day, and the birds are coming back every day", and "good" is a perfect unity. "Return with each other", why? Going back and forth, returning to nature, if Xie Lingyun still cares about mountains and rivers, then Tao Qian is one with natural mountains and rivers, and this is his state of mind at this time. Then, the author sublimated his understanding to the height of philosophy. "It makes sense. I want to argue and forget what I said." The most beautiful language of nature is silence. The author's mood changes from sadness to sadness, from sadness to joy, from joy to joy, and from joy to dullness.
3. Poetry Analysis A group of 20 poems in Building a House, living in a human environment and drinking without horses and chariots, were written at the beginning of his retirement, which generally expressed his intoxicating meaning and his understanding of life. This poem was written with a secular mind and an interest and understanding of nature.
Artistic features:
Plain and mellow.
Integration of situation theory.
Translation:
Living in the world, there is no noise of horses and chariots. You ask me how I can be so childlike and so quiet. Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely, the distant Nanshan reflects people's eyes. The mountains are dense, the sun is setting, the scenery in the evening is really good, and there are birds. I want to explain how many flavors there are.
Appreciate:
Tao Yuanming is a descendant of Tao Kan, the founding father of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Only in his generation, the family has declined. I have also been an official intermittently, but my backing is not hard and my temper is particularly arrogant. He finally returned to his hometown and became a hermit. A group of 20 poems "Drinking", written at the beginning of his retirement, generally expressed the pleasure of drunkenness and his perception of life. This article is the most famous.
People living in the world must always find the value of life, otherwise they will be in anxiety and anxiety. There is always a set of accepted values in society, which most people use as the basis for settling down. In Tao Yuanming's era, power, status and reputation were the main values. But Tao Yuanming has deeply understood through his own experience that to get all this, we must try our best to get it, compete and pretend. Sex is indispensable. There is no dignity here. Since he is willing to quit the officialdom, he must deny the socially recognized value scale and find a new explanation for his life.
The first four sentences of this poem show a reclusive attitude, that is, the denial of power and fame. At the beginning, he said that although his residence was built in an environment where people came and went, he could not hear the noise of cars and horses. The so-called "noisy chariots and horses" refers to the crowded scene of people with status. Tao Yuanming is also a descendant of a noble family, but he has nothing to do with those who rise and fall in the secular world. Then it comes down to the core of these four sentences-"The heart is far away from itself". Spiritually, we have adopted an alienated, detached and indifferent attitude towards this world of fame and fortune, and the place where we live will naturally become secluded. "Away from the heart" is a deviation from the track of social life, which will inevitably lead to the separation from people running around on this track.
Then, excluding the social value scale, where can people establish the basic point of survival? This involves Tao Yuanming's philosophy. This philosophy can be called "natural philosophy". On the one hand, it emphasizes the self-cultivation, frugality and lustless lifestyle, on the other hand, it attaches importance to the unity and harmony between man and nature. In Tao Yuanming's view, people not only exist in society and the relationship between people, but more importantly, every individual life, as an independent spiritual subject, exists in the face of the whole nature and universe. Human life is a part of nature. Life is full of anxiety and contradictions only because people separate themselves from nature and compete and pursue in illusory and worthless power and fame. Therefore, only by returning to nature can we get a perfect life.
These truths, if written directly in poetry, become papers; Real poetry is expressed through images. So in the next four sentences, the author still writes about human activities and natural landscapes, and puts philosophy in images. The poem states that he picked chrysanthemums at random in the garden and inadvertently looked up to meet Nanshan (Lushan). "Seeing Nanshan leisurely" is not only a light and leisurely state of people, but also a quiet and comfortable feeling of mountains. There is a kind of melody that emanates from people's hearts at the same time, reaching its peak and merging into a light music. The Nanshan Mountain, surrounded by a mist, is indescribable in the setting sun, and flocks of birds are flying back to the mountain together. This is the peace and perfection of nature, and it will not be as anxious as secular people, so desperately pursuing things other than life. The poet seems to have completely disappeared.
The last two sentences are the summary of the whole poem: here we can understand the true meaning of life, but we can't find the right language to express it. Practical meaning refers to the harmony between man and nature, which is basically a feeling of life, and logical language is not enough to express its exquisiteness and completeness.
Most of Tao Yuanming's poems are literal and easy to understand. But the connotation is deep and needs to be experienced repeatedly. For young people, there are many things that they may not really understand until they have rich life experiences.
The first four sentences, based on specific life experiences and in the form of questions and answers, reveal a common and interesting life phenomenon-"the heart is far away from oneself" and "picking chrysanthemums", that is, they are born out of "the heart is far away from oneself", saying that they accidentally saw Nanshan under the hedge of picking chrysanthemums, so they shook their eyes and were attracted by the beautiful scenery of Nanshan in the evening. Being in Dongli, but fascinated by Nanshan, the theme of the whole article is always to show the word "far". The "true meaning" of the last two sentences is here, and so is "forgetting words". The so-called "true meaning" is actually the self-satisfied life interest brought by Ren Zhen's "spiritual luck". The so-called "forgetting words" means that in Tao Yuanming's view, there are always some people who are in favor of the situation, and people who are in cahoots can't appreciate this kind of life interest!
4. Hermit Poetry: 1. A pine and a bamboo are true friends, and the birds are good brothers. 2. Reclusive music doesn't go to Chang 'an Road, but teaches mountain temples to be unwilling to please. I want to be happy in a tasteless place, and I don't want to live my life. I would rather be myself, but I will go back to farming. A pine and a bamboo are true friends, and the birds are good brothers. Three little birds, song for you. 4. Phoenix flies around, begging for phoenix everywhere, but beauty is helpless. She doesn't talk about her heart at East Wall. 5. Partridge Tian Xin Qiji didn't go to Chang 'an Road, and taught the mountain temple to beg me. I want to be happy in a tasteless place, but I don't want to live like this. It's better to be me, but it's better to be grateful. I traveled all over the world, but I went back to the farm. I'm relaxed. My heart is far from me. I can watch Nanshan leisurely under the hedge of picking chrysanthemums. The mountains are getting better every day, and the birds are back. That makes sense. I forgot what I said when I tried to defend myself. Of course, the most famous prose is Tao Yuanming's Return.