1, early Baidicheng
(Tang) Li Bai
Early in the morning, I bid farewell to Jiangling city, which is high into the sky, thousands of miles away, and the boat is only one day away.
The cries of apes on both sides of the strait are still unconsciously crowing in their ears, and the canoe has passed the heavy green hills.
2. Poetry translation
In the morning, the morning glow is all over the sky, and I am about to embark on my return journey. Looking up from the river, you can see the colorful clouds in Baidicheng, such as among the clouds, how gorgeous the scenery is! Jiangling, thousands of miles away, can return in one day, and the ape hooves on both sides of the strait constantly echo. The hooves of the apes are still ringing in my ears, and the brisk boat has crossed the endless mountains.
3, poetry notes
1. Bai Di: On Bai Di Mountain in the east of fengjie county, Chongqing. Yang Qixian's Note: "Baidi City was built by Gongsun Shu. At the beginning of Gongsun Shu, the fish recovered, and a white dragon emerged from the well, so it was called Bai Di, and the fish changed to Bai Di City. Wang Qi's Note: "Baidicheng is located in fengjie county, Kuizhou, which is very close to Wushan. The so-called colorful clouds refer to the clouds in Wushan. "Predecessors may have written this poem for Li Bai's youth when he left Sichuan. However, a closer look at the poem "A thousand miles a day goes to Jiangling" shows that I went to the Three Gorges from Jiangling and should return. It should be that Yelang was exiled in the second year of Gan Yuan (759), and he was suddenly pardoned when he arrived in Baidicheng, that is, when he returned to Jiangling.
2. Chao: Good morning.
3. Remarks: Goodbye.
4. Caiyun: Because Betty is on Bai Di Mountain, the terrain is very high. Seen from the river below the mountain, it looks like a cloud.
5. Also: return the goods.
6. Crow: Singing and calling.
7. Live broadcast: Stop.
4. Poetry appreciation
The first sentence "between colorful clouds" describes the high terrain of Baidi City, which is ready for the whole article to write about the dynamics of underwater ships walking quickly. If we don't write about the extremely high level of Baidicheng, we can't reflect the huge slope gap between the upper and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Baidicheng is high above, so the following sentences describe the speed of the ship, the short journey, and the overwhelming welcome from ears (ape voice) and eyes (Chung Shan Man), all of which have landed. "Colorful Clouds" is also a description of the morning scenery, showing a good weather from cloudy to sunny. At this dawn moment, the poet bid farewell to Baidicheng with excitement.
The two words "a thousand miles" and "a day" in the second sentence are obviously compared with the distance of space and the timeliness of time; Its beauty lies in the word "return"-"return" and return. It not only shows the poet's joy of traveling thousands of miles a day, but also reveals the joy of forgiveness. Jiangling is not Li Bai's hometown, but the word "return" is as kind as going home. A word "Hui" is vivid in the dark and worth pondering.
The realm of the third sentence is even more wonderful. In the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River in ancient times, "there were often high apes whistling". However, why not "cry"? We might as well think of a long day in midsummer, driving an express train on a tree-lined road and listening to the cicadas chirping between trees on both sides. Cicadas are different, trees are different, and songs are different, but because of the speed of car dealers, the shadow of cicada trees has become "one piece" between eyes and ears, which is probably how Li Bai felt about the shadow of ape mountain when he left the gorge. How carefree and excited the poet is on this boat, which is like an arrow leaving the string and going downstream! Gui Fu, a poet in A Qing, couldn't help admiring: "The beauty lies in the third sentence, which can make a child old and innocent." ("Zapp")
In an instant, the "canoe" has passed the "Chung Shan Man". In order to describe the speed of the ship, the poet added the word "light" to the ship itself in addition to the ape sound and the mountain shadow. It is naturally stupid to say that the ship is fast; And the word "light" has different meanings. When the Three Gorges was in danger, the poet went upstream, not only feeling that the ship was sinking, but also feeling sluggish. "Three dynasties scalpers, it's too late. It doesn't feel like silk. "
(Upper Three Gorges) Now it's as light as nothing, and its speed can be imagined. As soon as the "Chung Shan Man" ended, the canoe entered a smooth road, and the poet's pleasure of going through difficulties and obstacles was self-evident. These last two sentences are not only a description of the scenery, but also a comparison, an expression of personal feelings and a summary of life experience. They are exquisite and incoherent.
The whole poem gives people a feeling of straightforwardness and ethereal. But it can't be won by its bold momentum and elegant brushwork. The whole poem is permeated with a kind of passion that comes from hardships, so it is full of pride and joy. The speed of the clippers keeps people away.
5. Writing background
In the spring of 759 AD (the second year of Gan Yuan, Tang Suzong), Li Bai was exiled to Yelang because of the case of Li Lin, Emperor Yongli, and went to a relegated place via Sichuan. When I went to Baidi City, I suddenly received the news of pardon, and I was pleasantly surprised. Then I went to Jiangling by boat. This poem was written when the ship returned to Jiangling, so it is called Xiajiangling.
Predecessors once thought that this poem was Li Bai's youth work when he left Sichuan. However, according to the poem "A thousand miles in a day in Jiangling", Li Bai went to the Three Gorges from Jiangling, so this poem should have been written when he came back.
6. Poetry evaluation
The seven famous wonders are not without exaggeration and whimsy. It is beautifully written, shocking and beautiful, but it is not artificial, casual and natural. Ordinary readers don't need to know the author's mood when writing a poem, as long as they simply appreciate the pleasure of sailing along the Three Gorges River conveyed in the poem, they will feel beautiful. In fact, the poet used the magnificence of the countryside and the smooth sailing along the river to express his happy mood when he was pardoned and returned to Jiangling. Understanding the connotation of these situations will enrich the aesthetic feeling.
Predecessors gave rave reviews to this poem, such as "Poems of Tang and Song Dynasties" Volume 7: "Sailing with the wind, thousands of miles away, but knowing the scenery in front of you, it is doubtful that there is a help between pen and ink." Three or four colors are propped up to feel at home. "Ding Longyou said," this is the tone of god. Wu Changqi's Annotations on Tang Poems Volume 13: "With the sound of apes, colorful scenery". Timely Li Shiwei Volume 4: "It's easy to say, but it's confusing".