In "Qinyuanchun·Lingshan Qi'an Fu", the name "Qi'an" may come from Xin Qiji, one of the pre-Qin scholars.
A brief introduction to various schools of thought
1. Confucianism: representative figures: Confucius, Mencius, Xunzi. Works: "Confucius", "Mencius", "Xunzi"
Confucianism was one of the important schools of thought during the Warring States Period. It took Confucius as its teacher in the Spring and Autumn Period, took the Six Arts as its method, and advocated "rituals and music" and "music". "Benevolence and Righteousness", an academic faction that advocates "loyalty, forgiveness" and the impartial "gold mean", advocates "moral governance" and "benevolent government", and attaches great importance to moral and ethical education and people's self-cultivation.
Confucianism emphasizes the function of education and believes that emphasis on education and light punishment is the only way to achieve national stability and people's prosperity and happiness. He advocated "education without distinction" and educated both the rulers and the ruled so that everyone in the country could become morally noble people.
Politically, he also advocates governing the country with etiquette and convincing people with virtue, calling for the restoration of "Zhou Rites" and believing that "Zhou Rites" is the ideal way to realize ideal politics. By the Warring States Period, Confucianism was divided into eight schools, the two most important ones being Mencius and Xunzi.
2. Taoism: Representative figures: Laozi and Zhuangzi. Works: "Tao Te Ching", "Zhuangzi"
Taoism was one of the important schools of thought during the Warring States Period, also known as "moralists". This school of thought is based on Laozi's theory of "Tao" in the late Spring and Autumn Period, and uses "Tao" to explain the nature, origin, composition and changes of all things in the universe. It believes that the way of heaven is inactive and all things come into being naturally. It denies that God and ghosts dominate everything. It advocates that Tao follows nature and lets nature take its course. It advocates quietness and inaction, keeping the feminine and soft, and using softness to overcome hardness. The political ideal is "a small country with few people" and "governing by doing nothing". After Laozi, Taoism internally divided into different sects, the famous four major sects: Zhuangzi School, Yang Zhu School, Song Yin School and Huanglao School.