Dynasty: Pre-Qin Author: The Book of Songs
Hongyan flies in the air, swishing its wings. The man left home for a long trip. The poor are poor, widows and widowers are sad.
The swan goose flies in the air and gathers in the middle of the swamp. The man built a wall with hard work and erected hundreds of walls. Although tired and tired, I don't know where Ann is.
The wild geese are flying in the air, moaning and moaning. But anyone who knows, knows that I am diligent in singing. Only those Nits said I complained in my spare time.
This is a realistic poem "Hungry people sing about their food, and laborers sing about their things", which has the characteristics of national folk songs. The poem consists of three chapters, each of which begins with "Hongyan", which is a metaphor for itself. The first chapter describes that refugees are forced to work hard in the wild, even widowed people are not spared, which reflects the universality of victims and exposes the cruelty of rulers. The wild geese, whose wings are soaring, evoke the sigh that the refugees are displaced and have nowhere to live, which contains deep sorrow for the heavy corvee. The second chapter, following the previous chapter, specifically describes the scene of refugees spending labor to build city walls. The gathering of red rocks in Zezhong symbolizes that refugees work collectively on the construction site and build many high walls together, but they have no shelter. The question of "hard work, but safe" shows the injustice and indignation in the hearts of refugees. In the last chapter, I wrote a sad song about refugees, telling their tragic fate. Instead, he was laughed at and ridiculed by rich and powerful people. The cry of the geese caused the refugees to cry bitterly, and they couldn't help singing this song to express their resentment.
This poem has deep feelings, simple language and smooth rhyme. Although it is a lyric poem, it also has narrative and discussion elements. However, the greatest feature of this poem is the use of metaphor. Each chapter begins with a swan goose, which not only causes rich associations, but also has metaphorical significance. Hongyan is a migratory bird. Qiu Lai went south and moved north in spring, much like the situation that refugees were forced to work hard in the wild, running around and having no fixed place to live. The cry of the swan goose in the long journey is piercing, which sounds very sad, moving people and adding sadness. Therefore, it is most appropriate to be excited about this. The three chapters of the whole poem are different according to the content mentioned, either prosperous or declining. In the first chapter, geese are used to lift their feathers and fly high to promote the long journey of refugees, while in the second chapter, geese are gathered in Zezhong to build a wall for refugees. These two chapters are symbolic. In the third chapter, this song is made by comparing the wailing of Hongyan, that is to say, it contains interest in the comparison. The blending and infiltration of the meaning of metaphor and xing has enhanced the image and artistic expression of poetry. Because of the appropriate metaphor of this poem, "love red" and "beauty" have become synonymous with suffering refugees in the future.
In addition, although the specific content written in each chapter of this poem is different, there are internal logical connections. The first chapter is going out in the field, the second chapter is building a wall on the spot, and the last chapter is expressing grief. The content is expanded layer by layer and the theme is sublimated. In addition, the words "Hongyan" and "Gonglao" appear repeatedly in the poem, which forms the characteristics of emphasizing chapters and singing lightly, and has the charm of sighing in songs.