The tombstone of the former slave from Perugia contains fascinating details of her daily life, love and sexual exploitation.
According to Nicholas Horsfall's description in the article, this inscription has been puzzling scholars for many years. Described as "curious, touching and pleasant writing, it is difficult in some places, even slightly * * *.
Two Roman women.
He added: "The epitaph constitutes our most important evidence, which proves women's status and attitude towards them.
Roman Women in the Frozen Museum, published by lawrence alma tadema in 1890.
(public domain), then, the epitaph tells us who seems to live the fullest in the personality of the former slave? At the top of the marble slab, it says "To Lady Alia Potis Tass, the Statue of Liberty in Ollus".
Ollus aliou probably let her go and set up this monument to commemorate her and live with her as a concubine.
There is controversy about the exact age of the tombstone.
It was originally determined according to the paleogeography of the 3rd-4th century AD.
However, stylistic and linguistic analysis shows that the more likely date is the 2nd century AD, and there are 50 lines of epitaphs written in a poem, which are divided into three parts to tell us about this unusual woman.
The praise for Arya was quite standard at first, which shows that she conforms to all the customs of a respected Roman woman.
19 12 years, the tombstone inscription of Arya Potestas (A.D.1-4th century) was found on a marble tablet in Via Pinciana, Rome, Italy.
Aulus Allius says Allia Potestas is busy from morning till night, and she is also good at spinning, which is the most basic feature of women.
She is always the first to get up and the last to go to bed.
The epitaph reads: "Her woolen cloth will never leave her hand for no reason. There is no doubt that this is a contest of love, because her bereaved partner Ollus mourned the death of Arya, saying that he would remember her and vowed to let her "live as long as possible through his poems".
So far, all these seem to be stereotypes.
However, in the cliche, there is a revelation that Arya Portas lives in a hotel with two men.
This woman is a believer in polygamy and lives with "her two young lovers", which the epitaph author compares to "a model of Pilates and Orestes".
Orestes was sent to Foces, an ancient region in the middle of ancient Greece, during the extramarital affair between his mother Krista and Agger.
There, he grew up with Pilate, the son of King Strophius, and regarded him as a brother.
Paradies later persuaded Orestes to complete his plan and avenge his father Agamemnon, and killed Clytaemestra, Orestes, Paradies and Electra in front of Agamemnon's grave.
Campania red humanoid hydride, about 330 BC.
The relationship between Orrist and Paradis has an additional sexual dimension. According to Anne Strong's description in the book Women in Brothels and Women in the Roman World, Paradies was often described as a homosexual in ancient times.
Whether Ollus aliou had sex with another unnamed male lover remains to be guessed.
Ollus talked about the unusual erotic details of his late daughter.
He wrote about how Arya "keeps her limbs smooth", "The white * * *, * * * shapes are very small.
Her "beautiful and generous figure" and "she looks for every hair".
Interestingly, Arya is vain and cautious when depilating, so her skin is smooth. This mural shows a woman looking in the mirror while combing her hair (or undressing). This mural is not much different from modern beautiful life.
This mural is from arianna Villa in the National Archaeological Museum of Naples in the 1 century.
(Carole Raddato/CC BY SA 2。
0), one of the most famous admirers of this woman in the 2nd century AD was Professor Mary Beard. She chose Arya as one of the most interesting figures in Roman history, and visited her tombstone in the National Museum of Rome in the BBC series Meeting the Romans.
Beard said that Arya should be much more famous than her because of her importance in revealing the essence of ancient times.
"If you just want to give an example to show how the relationship between Rome is as dark, chaotic and disorderly as our own, it must be Arya podesta's family.
Professor Beard is full of admiration for this extraordinary woman and her family, which gives us a "completely different view" of the virtues and loyalty of the Romans. Professor of Classical Literature at Cambridge University said frankly with her own characteristics: "I like the story of Arya Potis Tass, a former slave who lives with two guys.
Beard described some attractive details about her: a mural depicting a woman sitting, from Villa arianna in Stabia, A.D. 1 century, National Archaeological Museum of Naples.
(Carole Raddato/CC BY SA 2。
0), Aulus Allius doesn't seem to be bothered by jealousy.
After all, he slept in Allia's bed with another man.
According to Roman Civilization: Selected Readings, this is far from the ideal Roman priestess Uvira (single woman).
Volume II: Empire, maybe the threesome in ancient times is not special.
In Pompeii, a mural hanging on the bathroom locker room wall dates back to around 79 BC, in which two men and a woman had sex.
However, we believe that this family arrangement was harmonious before Arya's death, but it was doomed not to last until after her death, when they parted ways.
As the inscription tells us sadly, "but now that she is dead, they will be separated and everyone will grow old by themselves."
",two men and one woman * * *.
Pompeii mural, from a hot spring (bathroom), the south wall of the dressing room-painted around 79 BC.
(public domain), there are other interesting exceptions in this paper.
Ollus called his dead lover "chaste" in his epitaph, even though she had two lovers.
Maybe the meaning of this word is different in ancient times and today? Free women are also described as "well known", which is not a sign of a respected Roman woman. She doesn't usually appear in public places.
But Arya seems to live an unconventional life.
But it is gratifying that in ancient times, some women escaped the shackles of their families and moved freely in forums and fairs in ancient Rome.
Albert bierstadt's aircraft carrier Octavie Archie (1858).
The epitaph undoubtedly reveals the daily existence of ordinary men and women's labor in ancient times.
However, there is a warning.
The writing handed down centuries ago was written by the writer Ollus Alio from a male perspective.
It would be even more eye-opening to know what the woman on the tombstone would say.
As Pierre de Muse said, I can't help wondering what version of Arya Potis's story about these men will be.
Bust of Roman women in anselm feuerbach (1862/ 1866).
Background: The tombstone inscription of Allia Potestas was found on a marble tablet in Via Pinciana, Rome, Italy in 19 12.
(Kleuske/CC BY SA 3。
0), written by Fiona Keating, this is the ancient origin team, and here is our mission: "By sharing research, education and knowledge, we can stimulate open learning of our past to improve our future".
"In ancient times, we believed. Read Mor.