NIKE (Nike)
In 1957, Bowerman and Knight met at the University of Oregon. After graduation, Knight went on to study for an MBA at Stanford University, while Bowerman continued to coach track and field and design sneakers at the university. Five years later, Knight concluded from an investigative report that low-priced, high-tech sports shoes produced in Japan would end the dominance of German sports shoes in the United States. After graduation, Knight went to Japan to contact the manufacturer of Tiger sneakers there. He introduced himself to the manufacturer as being from "Blue Ribbon Sports Company", and he convinced the Tiger brand manufacturer that the United States had great market opportunities.
Phil Knight (young middle-distance runner) + Bill Bowerman (excellent track and field coach) work together to provide athletes with the best performance products.
Le Cordon Bleu/Tiger Cooperation 1960--1971
The first batch of Tiger products arrived in the United States in 1962.
In 1964, Knight and Bowerman each invested US$500 to establish BLUE RIBBON SPORTS, which distributed Tiger sports shoes in the United States. Two $500 + a handshake = future NIKE company.
In 1968, Bowerman's modified Cortez shoes and Boston running shoes became Tiger's best-selling products, while Knight was laying the financial foundation for the company's development. Due to the limitations of the credit policy at the time, Knight signed an import contract with a Japanese company, Nissho Iwai, in 1971. Le Cordon Bleu Sports then began to have its own sports shoe production line, which also marked a partnership with Tiger Brand. end. Within six years, the company's assets increased from US$8,000 to US$1.96 million, its number of employees grew from 0 to 45, and the first Le Cordon Bleu retail store opened in Santa Monica, California.
From Le Cordon Bleu to Nike 1972--1980
Le Cordon Bleu officially ended its cooperative relationship with Tiger Brand and formally established a young new company named For Nike - the Greek goddess of victory. NIKE began to have its own sports shoe products, and the first popular ones were running shoes.
Nate and his wife hand-printed Nike T-shirts and distributed them at the 72 Olympic Games in Eugene, but everyone who saw them asked: "Who is Nike?"
NIKE company was formally established in 1972. Its predecessor was Blue Ribbon Sports, a company invested by current NIKE president Phil Knight and coach Bill Bowerman.
In 1973, Knight streamlined the entire product production and sales process, allowing retailers to pre-order. "Futures" then became the industry standard.
1973: Perry Fangting (Prefontaine), the record breaker in the United States from 2,000 meters to 10,000 meters - the first NIKE champion. Because of its strong fighting spirit and perseverance, it is known as the "soul" of NIKE.
NIKE International Corporation was formally established in 1978. NIKE shoes began to enter overseas markets such as Canada, Australia, Europe and South America.
1979: Tailwind running shoes, the first pair of shoes using NIKE AIR-SOLE patented air cushion. NIKE is headquartered in Beaverton, Oregon. So far, Nike has occupied 50% of the running market. The first NIKE clothing production line was launched.
By 1980, the company with 2,700 employees became a public company. NIKE entered China and set up the first NIKE production liaison representative office in Beijing. After that, NIKE adhered to the concept of "Local for Local" (where it is, where it is for), not only introduced advanced technology into China, but also devoted itself to the cultivation of local talents, production technology, and sales concepts, taking what is local and using it locally, Rapid progress has been made in China.
The development of Nike 1980--1991
1981: NIKE was established.
In its first few years, Nike became the leader in the sports industry. Nike International develops its business in more than 40 countries. By 1984, the company's assets had doubled to $919.8 million.
1985: The launch of rising star Jordan and the first-generation AIR JORDAN basketball series is NIKE's most successful sponsorship investment.
As the number of employees and shoe sales grew, Nike experienced its first decline in revenue in 1985. The situation improved the following year, and worsened again the third year.
In 1988, Nike found that its dealers were no longer able to provide timely and quality services to retailers. Nike hired in-house sales representatives to promote product expertise. And, more importantly, Nike re-established its technological dominance - Nike Air Cushion Technology.
1989: Relocation of NIKE headquarters to the World Campus in Beaverton.
1991: AIR180 viewing angle------visible air cushion.
In the past ten years, Nike's assets have reached 2 billion US dollars.
Our own world - 1992 to present
In 1992, Nike became the only sports and fitness company in the world with assets of more than three billion US dollars.
1992: AIR HUARACHE------foot-shape protection technology.
1993: AIR MAX------The King of Air Cushions.
1994: AIR MAX square ------ combined air cushion technology.
In 1996, NIKE (Suzhou) Sporting Goods Co., Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary, was officially established in China. It is headquartered in Shanghai and has branches in Beijing and Guangzhou (Hong Kong also became the The branch was merged into the China region).
In 1997, Nike Asia's assets increased from US$300 million in fiscal year 1996 to US$800 million. Two important customer service centers were opened in Seoul, South Korea and Tokyo, Japan. China has become an important market. Nike World Park continues to expand, with plans to reach 7,100 rooms and accommodate 16,000 employees. Analysts predict that Nike's assets will reach and exceed $9 billion. These results come from: helping athletes improve their performance.
1997: NIKE signed a ten-year contract with the Brazilian Football Association and will move towards becoming a leader in global football.
1997: Zoom AIR------impact air cushion.
1999: Tuned AIR------adjustable air cushion.
2000: NIKE Shox technology. Five years later, his assets had grown to US$6.5 billion - including the Nike apparel industry and the acquisition of Canstar Sporting Goods Co., Ltd., the world's largest hockey equipment manufacturer.
In May 2002, NIKE began to hold the NIKE Scorpion 3-on-3 football match nationwide. Hundreds of youth teams competed in Guangzhou, Shanghai, and Beijing for the 14-, 16-, and 18-year-olds. level medals. This is another great move made by NIKE for the development of youth sports in China.
In July 2002, NIKE specially invited NBA superstar Vince Carter, known as "Dr. Funk", to come to Beijing. The purpose of Carter's trip was to support China's youth basketball career and spread Funk. culture.
In August 2002, Nike will sponsor a group of "street basketball teenagers" who represent the American free basketball culture to come to China to compete with their Chinese peers.
In July 2002, NIKE specially invited NBA superstar Vince Carter, known as "Dr. Funker", to come to Beijing. The purpose of Carter's trip was to support the development of China's youth basketball career and represent Nike donated backboards to the Chinese Basketball Association.
In August 2002, Nike will sponsor a group of "street basketball teenagers" who represent the American free basketball culture to come to China to compete with their Chinese peers.
In China, NIKE not only supports the development of Chinese football, but also pays attention to the development of young people. It has launched the "My Dream" large-scale youth sports series, the first Chinese 3-on-3 basketball game, and NIKE high school men's basketball. League, NIKE Youth Football Super Cup, 4-on-4 Youth Football Open and other activities.
“A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” This is a well-known idiom, which comes from Chapter 61 of Laozi written by Lao Dan at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. It has been used to this day as a metaphor that big things should start from the first step, and the success of things is gradually accumulated from small to large. To walk, people must wear shoes. It goes without saying that shoes are footwear with both decorative and hygienic functions that people wear to protect their feet from hard objects with edges and thorns, to facilitate walking, and to keep out cold and frost. Although shoes only account for a small part of people's clothing and are at the "lowest level" that is not noticed, their role is not trivial. It can be seen how important shoes are in people's daily lives!
The history of shoes has a long history
When did shoes originate? Who invented it? There is no way to verify it now, but history shows that our country is not only an ancient civilization of clothing, but also an ancient civilization of manufacturing shoes. About 5,000 years ago in the Paleolithic Age, primitive people used bone needles to sew animal skin clothes and also sewed animal skin shoes to protect their feet and search for food. Shoes are the collective name for shoes, boots, shoes, and clogs. In ancient times, they were called Tao (sound couch), Qi (sound pronunciation Sa), or shoes. They were also called Lu (妦), 屩, clog, or tan (low pronunciation). Shoes and shoes are the same thing, but they have different names depending on the era of wearing them. Before the Han Dynasty, they were called shoes, and they were mostly single-soled shoes made of hemp, kudzu, etc., such as "Shi Wei Feng Ge Wei" compiled in the Spring and Autumn Period. Contains: "Trouble and Ge Ge". In the later Han Dynasty, they were called shoes, which were made of hemp and silk. Straw sandals. According to "Shi Ming·Shi Clothes" written by Liu Xi of the Eastern Han Dynasty: "婱, straw shoes are also... worn when traveling. The 婩婩 is light, so it is named after it." Clogs are also a type of shoes, usually referring to wooden soles, or with Teeth or without teeth; also made of grass or silk. "Shi Ming? Shi Clothing" records: "Silk clogs are made of silk, just like the clogs.
It is not said that the silk clogs cannot trample on the mud, but the clogs can trample on the mud. They can also roll on mud while walking on them, so they are called clogs. According to the "Song Book·Xie Lingyun Biography": "Lingyun always wears wooden clogs. When going up the mountain, the front teeth are removed, and when going down the mountain, the back teeth are removed." "In ancient times, "Die" refers to shoes made of animal skins, and the high boots are called boots. "Boots" refer to long boots that are above the ankle bone. They gradually became popular with the introduction of Hufu. In the Han Dynasty, Later, it appeared in large numbers and became popular in the Tang Dynasty. "Book of Jin? Liu Zhaozhuan" says: "I heard someone wearing boots and riding a donkey outside Zhaomen. "The characteristics of boots are strong thermal insulation, easy to walk in mud and swamps, and easy to ride horses, etc. "鞜" also refers to shoes made of animal skins. According to "Han Shu·Yang Xiong Biography": "Being obedient and frugal, 绨 If the clothes are not worn out, the leather will not be worn. "靸" refers to slippers. Volume 2 of "Jijiupian" contains: "靸 leather is a brown stocking towel with an angle." "Yan Shi's ancient note: "Qing is called Wei Lu, with a deep head and a flat bottom. Nowadays, the common people call it "passing". "Also known as Tao shoes. They were all made of leather for three generations. In the second year of the First Emperor, they were made of Pu. From the Jin Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, they were made of grass. During the reign of Emperor Wu of Liang, they were made of silk. According to Volume 10 of "Zhuogeng Lu" written by Tao Zongyi Eight "Mei Shoes" contains: "People from Western Zhejiang use grass as shoes without heels, so they are called "Mei Shoes". "At this time, it has been proposed that slippers are also a type of shoes. According to research, people began to wear straw sandals as early as four thousand years ago in the Xia Dynasty. The word "Lu" was recorded in the "Book of Changes" three thousand years ago, and it was clearly They are shoes. During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the famous poet Xie Lingyun invented the "Xie Gong Clogs", which have teeth on the bottom and use the front teeth when going up the mountain and the back teeth when going down the mountain. For this reason, Li Bai, the great poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote in " In "Sleepwalking Tianmu Yin Liu Farewell", it is written: "Wearing Xie Gong's clogs on our feet, we climbed the Qingyun Ladder. Half of the wall can see the sea and the sun, and the sky can hear chickens. "The famous poem vividly depicts the poet climbing to the towering Tianmu Mountain and enjoying the beauty of the "fairy world".
During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, it is said that there was a woman who made cloth shoes with scented cushions inside and soles The lotus pattern is made of hemp rope. When the shoes are stepped on the soil, they will leave a beautiful lotus pattern. At that time, people called these shoes "step by step lotus shoes". In the Tang Dynasty, some people also invented shoes suitable for walking. It is said that the great poet Li Bai loved to wear this kind of shoes, and many literati followed suit. According to legend, their appearance was more than a thousand years earlier than the travel shoes that are now popular around the world. According to legend, they were still popular in the ancient land of Qilu. A kind of shoe covered with cowhide is called "Kicking a Cow", which is comparable to modern high-quality football shoes.
As for clogs, they were generally made of wood. According to legend, during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Jin Dynasty. After Duke Wen of Jin went into exile for 19 years, he rewarded his followers. Among them was a minister named Jie Zitui. He was unwilling to accept the reward from Duke Wen of Jin, so he lived in seclusion in the mountains. In anger, Duke Wen of Jin burned the mountains. After the incident, Duke Wen of Jin was very sad and made clogs from the tree as a memorial. According to research, ancient people wore clogs for coolness. , walking tough; secondly, in order to prevent moisture, especially in the humid and rainy south, clogs were often worn as rain boots. In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, ladies and children mostly wore red clogs, while men wore black clogs, which became a commonplace in daily life. Casual shoes. Even when a girl gets married, she has to wear painted clogs as a dowry.
In ancient times, shoes, boots, and clogs were clearly distinguished, especially when to wear boots and when to wear shoes. There are strict regulations on clogs. In the history of our country, there are many legends about shoes, such as "The people of Zheng buy shoes" ("Han Feizi·Wai Chu Shuo" above left): "The people of Zheng who have shoes and put them on have to wear shoes first." When he was sitting down, he went to the third market and forgot to do it, and he said, "I forgot to hold on to it." Then I returned to get it. When I came back to the market, I couldn't do it. "Foot?" said: "It is better to have faith than to have self-confidence"), "cutting off the feet to fit the shoes" ("Zhun Nanzi·Shuo Lin Xun"): "The husband raises and harms what he raises, for example, cutting off the feet to fit the shoes is decapitation. And the crown."), "Kou Zhun back boots" and "wearing small shoes" are all well-known allusions and legends. These philosophical allusions and legends have brought many enlightenments and warnings to people. It can be seen that shoes are not only It is a running aid on the human journey, and it is also the crystallization of human wisdom.