Appreciation of Ancient Poems Describing Summer Scenery: Seeing Jingci Temple off at dawn and seeing Lin Zifang off.
Song Dynasty: Yang Wanli
It is the scenery of the West Lake in June, which is really different from other seasons.
Lotus leaves will not turn green the next day, and lotus flowers are particularly bright red in the sun.
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The scenery of the West Lake in June is different from other seasons.
Thick lotus leaves spread out layer by layer, connected with the blue sky, endless green; Graceful lotus flowers are in full bloom, especially bright and red under the sunshine.
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This is a poem describing the beautiful scenery of the West Lake in June. This poem is a typical work with pictures in it and poems in it.
The poet said at the beginning that the scenery of the West Lake in June is different from other seasons. These two simple poems show that the scenery of the West Lake in summer is different. These two sentences are the poet's overall feelings about the West Lake in June. The word "after all" highlights the unique and extraordinary scenery of the West Lake in June, giving people rich and beautiful imagination. The first sentence seems abrupt, but it is actually an atmosphere. Although readers have not yet appreciated the beauty of the West Lake from the poems, they can already feel it from the poet's appreciative tone. Poetry seems to blurt out, which is the most intuitive feeling after shock and ecstasy, thus strengthening the beauty of the West Lake.
Then, the poet painted a beautiful picture of red and green for readers with sentences full of strong color contrast: "Lotus leaves are infinite in the sky, and lotus flowers reflect different colors in the sun." These two sentences describe "after all" different landscape pictures in detail: with the lotus leaf extending to the end of the lake and the blue sky merging together, an "infinite" artistic space is created and endless blue is drawn; On this blue background, the lotus reflected by the sun is lit, so beautiful and bright. "Infinitely blue" lotus leaves in the sky and lotus flowers reflecting "different colors of red" in the sun can be seen not only in spring, autumn and winter, but also in the most vigorous summer of mid-June. The poet captured the unique scenery of this midsummer and summed it up very aptly. This transformation in the sketch, although ups and downs, has no sense of suddenness. The seemingly dull pen and ink presents an evocative artistic situation for readers.
The poet's central idea is not to talk about friendship, nor to pester the feelings of parting, but to express his attachment to friends through his extreme praise of the beautiful scenery of the West Lake. From an artistic point of view, besides line drawing, this poem has two points worthy of attention: First, the coexistence of reality and fiction. The first two sentences are straightforward, just general and empty; The last two sentences describe and show the concrete image, which is true. The combination of reality and reality complements each other. The second is to combine rigidity with softness. The lotus leaf and lotus flower written in the last two sentences are generally classified as feminine, but the poet writes very magnificently and has a broad realm, with "heaven" and "heaven". Language is also very imposing: "connecting the sky" and "infinite". In this way, masculinity and femininity are harmoniously unified in poetry.
Appreciation of Ancient Poems Describing Summer Scenery: Huangsha Road Traveling in Xijiang Moon at Night
Song Dynasty: Xin Qiji
The moon on the horizon rose to the top of the tree, scaring away the magpies perched on the branches. The cool evening breeze seems to have spread to cicadas in the distance.
In the fragrance of rice and flowers, people talk about the harvest of a year, and frogs croak in their ears, as if in a bumper harvest year. In the old days, Maodian was near the forest, and the road turned to the stream bridge. (Xiqiao I left: west end)
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The bright moonlight swept the branches, scaring the magpies away from them, and the cool evening breeze seemed to hear cicadas chirping in the distance. In the fragrance of rice flowers, there were waves of frogs' cries in my ears, as if discussing that this year is a bumper harvest year.
There are faint clouds in the sky, twinkling stars are shining, and there is light rain in front of the mountain. The old thatched cottage is still next to the Woods of the earth temple. When the road turns the source of the stream, it suddenly appears in front of you.
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Judging from the first two sentences of Xijiang Yue, "The bright moon surprises the magpie, and the breeze crows at midnight", it seems to describe the extremely ordinary scenery such as wind, moon, cicada and magpie. But through the clever combination of the author, the result is unusual at ordinary times. The magpie is flying around the oblique and abrupt branches, not hovering over the ordinary tree heads. Because of the bright moonlight, the magpie was awakened; Magpies flying in fright will naturally cause other branches to shake. At the same time, cicadas have their own time to sing. The chirping at night is different from the neighing under the scorching sun. When the cool wind blows slowly, it is often very quiet. In short, the words "surprised magpie" and "singing cicada" contain the silence in the movement and describe the scenery under the "breeze" and "bright moon" in the middle of the night, which is leisurely and charming.
Next, "in the fragrance of rice and flowers, there is a bumper harvest, listening to the sound of frogs." People's attention shifted from the sky to the fields, indicating that the poet was not only infiltrated by the soft smell on the yellow sand road at night, but also paid attention to the fragrant rice flowers all over the village, and was associated with the upcoming harvest scene by the fragrant rice flowers. Here and now, the joy of the poet breathing with the people is beyond words. The "fragrance" of the rice flower fragrance is of course a description of the blooming of the rice flower fragrance and an expression of the sweet feeling in the poet's heart. In the poet's feeling, he heard frogs clamoring in unison in the rice fields and quarreling over the harvest. First, the content of "saying" is given, and then the source of "sound" is filled in, saying that frogs everywhere in the harvest year are the creation of poets.
The first four sentences simply describe the scenery of the mountain road and the poet's mood at that time, but the core is that summer night full of harvest years. Therefore, this is not so much a summer scene as the happiness that the current summer scene will bring to people.
At the beginning of Xiagan, the poet set a steep mountain peak and used antithesis to strengthen the stable tone. There are seven or eight stars in the sky, two or three before the rainy mountain. The "stars" here are sparse stars, and the "rain" is a slight shower, which is in line with the quiet night, quiet atmosphere and simple atmosphere in the upper city. In particular, a poem "Beyond the Horizon" and a poem "In front of the Mountain" were originally out of reach, but as soon as the pen turned and the bridge passed, the shadow of the Maodian near the village forest was unexpectedly displayed in front of people. Although the poet is familiar with the path on the Huangsha Road, he always forgets to cross the "outer sky" and the "front of the mountain", because he is obsessed with the sound of frogs pouring out the joy of the good years in front of him, and even the Maodian near the forest near the Shemiao is unaware of it. The former's "turning the road" and the latter's "suddenly enlightened" not only show the poet's sudden enlightenment and the joy of being close to his old house, but also express his ecstasy because he was immersed in the fragrance of rice flowers and even forgot the distance of the road. The two complement each other, which reflects the author's profound artistic foundation and is intriguing.
On the surface, the theme of this word is nothing more than some seemingly ordinary scenery, the language is not carved, there is no allusion, and the hierarchical arrangement is completely dull. However, it seems dull, but it has the poet's concentrated artistic conception and sincere feelings. Here, readers can also appreciate another realm of Jia Xuan's ci beyond the majestic and heroic.
Appreciation of ancient poems describing summer scenery: summer in mountain pavilions
Tang dynasty: high articles
Green trees, deep shadows, long summer, the reflection of the tower in the pond.
The crystal curtains are blowing gently, and the roses are fragrant. (The crystal curtain is a water curtain)
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The trees are lush and dark, the summer is long, and the reflection of the balcony is reflected in the pond.
The crystal curtains are swaying and the breeze is blowing, and the roses are fragrant.
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This is a seven-character quatrain describing the summer scenery.
"Trees are shaded and summer is long" seems dull, but careful consideration of the word "shade" not only makes the trees lush, but also implies that the "shade" can be "shaded" around noon in summer when the sun is like fire and the sun is scorching. This "thick" is not only a special accident of the shade, but also a deep meaning, that is, the shade is dense and deep. A Dream of Red Mansions describes the scene of the Grand View Garden at noon in midsummer, which means "the scorching sun is in the sky and trees are everywhere". Around noon in summer, people can feel that summer is very long. Yang Wanli said in "Taking a nap in early summer" that "sleeping for a long time is ruthless", which was written by me.
"The balcony is reflected in the pond." Here, the poet visually wrote down the summer and the scenery. When the poet saw the quiet pond reflecting the reflections of pavilions and pavilions far and near, he naturally felt comfortable and relaxed, and wrote such a beautiful poem. The word "into the pool" is well used. He not only writes clear and fresh, but also writes about movement. He writes about ponds, so that the mountains and rivers can accommodate the hearts of pavilions and make the ponds bigger.
"The crystal curtain moves and the breeze rises" is the most exquisite sentence in the poem. This sentence can be divided into two meanings. First, the pool water under the scorching sun is crystal clear; The breeze is blowing gently and the sea is blue. The poet used the "crystal curtain moving" to describe this scene, which is wonderful and very realistic-the whole water surface is like a curtain made of crystal, blown by the wind, and under the rippling water waves, the reflection of the balcony shakes with it, which is very wonderful. Secondly, poets who look at the scenery first see the fluctuation of the pool water and then feel the wind. Summer breeze will not be felt at once, only when you see water waves, so it is said that "the crystal curtain moves and the breeze rises." If you write "the breeze rises" first and then "the crystal curtain moves", it will be as tasteless as chewing wax.
The poet in A Rose Full of Scent in a Courtyard writes about summer from the perspective of smell. Just as the poet was intoxicated with the beautiful summer scenery, suddenly there came a burst of flowers, which was refreshing and refreshed the poet's spirit. The rose was not seen by the poet. The poet may not know that there were roses in the yard, but the intoxicating fragrance reminded the poet. In the quiet and fresh scenery of the mountain pavilion under the scorching sun in summer, "full of roses" was added, which added bright colors and intoxicating fragrance, making the works full of unique agility and vitality in summer. In addition, "A Courtyard Fragrance" has something to do with the above sentence "The breeze rises". If there is no breeze, the fragrance of roses will not float over, and the poet naturally does not know that there are "full roses".
Poetry describes the summer scenery, using similar painting techniques: dark green trees, reflections on the balcony, water waves in the pond and roses on the shelf, forming a picture with bright colors and clear artistic conception. All this was described by the poet standing on the mountain pavilion. Although there are no mountain pavilions and poets in the poem, when people appreciate this poem, they seem to see mountain pavilions and leisurely poets.
Appreciation of Ancient Poems on Summer —— Xin in Nan Ting Xia Xiang
Tang Dynasty: Meng Haoran
The shadow of the mountain rises suddenly, and the moon in the pond rises slowly from the east.
Hang your hair in the shade at night, open the window and lie down in a quiet and spacious place.
The evening breeze sent waves of lotus fragrance, and the dew on the bamboo leaves made a crisp sound.
I thought I would want to make a song, make a song, I just hate my friends in front of me.
Feeling for a night, I miss my old friends all night, and it is hard to miss them in my dreams. (Part I: Finalization)
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The shadow of the sun suddenly sets in the west, and the moon on the pond rises slowly from the east.
Let your hair hang freely and enjoy the coolness at night. Open the window and lie down in a quiet and spacious place.
An evening breeze brought the fragrance of lotus flowers, and dew dripped from bamboo leaves, making a crisp sound.
I just want to play the piano, but unfortunately I don't have a bosom friend to appreciate it.
I feel good night, miss my old friends, and miss them in my dreams all night.
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Meng Haoran's poetry is characterized by "singing for the scenery, not catching the strange but strange" (Pi Rixiu). Although he only talks about leisure lightly, leisure often makes people better and better. Summer Thoughts in Nange is Xin's masterpiece.
The content of the poem can be divided into two parts, which describes the refreshing leisure of enjoying the cool in the Shuige on a summer night, and also expresses the nostalgia for friends.
"The mountain light in the west suddenly disappeared, and a bright moon slowly rose on the lake in the east." Mountain light: the sunshine on the mountain. Chiyue: moonlight by the pool. The first two sentences say that the setting sun in the western hills suddenly falls, and the bright moon in Dongchijiao gradually rises.
At first, it was for reciting the scenery, but the essence is not only to write the scenery, but also to write the poet's subjective feelings. The clever use of the words "suddenly" and "gradually" lies in that they not only convey the actual feelings of the sunset and the rising sun (one is fast and the other is slow); Moreover, "summer" is terrible and "suddenly" falls, and the bright moon is lovely and "gradually rising", showing a psychological pleasure of enjoying the cool. The word "pool" means that "Nanting" is beside the water, which is not empty.
"It's cool at night, open my window and lie down quietly." Xuan: Window. Three or four sentences mean that the Beatles are enjoying the cool tonight, so it's quiet and comfortable to lie down with the window open.
Being close to Shuige can not only "get the moon first", but also cool off first. After bathing, the poet opened the pavilion, dispersed without combing, and lay down by the window to enjoy the cool feeling. Three or four sentences, not only wrote a kind of leisure, but also wrote a kind of comfort-from physical and mental pleasure.
"Lotus gives off fragrance, and bamboo leaves drip dew." These two sentences mean that the breeze slowly brings the fragrance of lotus, and bamboo leaves gently drip dew.
Moreover, the poet continues to describe this pleasure from two aspects: smell and hearing. The fragrance of lotus is faint and faint, so "the wind comes" has a taste; The sound of bamboo dew dripping on the pool surface is crisp, so it is "clear". You can smell the water droplets and smell the fine fragrance, which makes people feel more silent. The realm of poetry is "it is clear to sigh in a moment" (Shen Deqian's Collection of Tang Poems in the Qing Dynasty). Writing "lotus" with air and bamboo with "sound" is not as good as visual image, which is the true feeling of summer night.
"I'll pick up my lute and play, but, alas, who will understand here? The meaning of these two sentences is that I want to take a piano and play a song gently, but I hate not having a bosom friend to appreciate it.
On such a sweet and pure summer night, I touched the poet, reminded him of music, and made him "I can pick up the pipa and play it". Qin is a simple and peaceful musical instrument, suitable for playing in a quiet and leisurely mood. It is said that when the ancients played the piano, they had to take a bath and burn incense to get rid of other thoughts. Poets enjoying the cool in Nanting naturally entered this state at the moment, and it is perfect to play the piano. It's comfortable not to take it if you want to, but it's fun to think about it. Unexpectedly, playing the piano caused a faint disappointment, like a calm well water. Thinking of playing the piano from a quiet and unique realm and thinking of "bosom friend" from playing the piano gives birth to "But, alas, who here will understand?" Naturally, from the cool water pavilion to the memory of friends.
"So I think of you, old friend. You are the bane of my midnight dream." These two sentences mean that I can't help thinking of my old friend when I think of it, and I can only dream abnormally in the middle of the night.
In this poem, how much the poet hopes to have friends, gossip and a good night around him. If you can't come, there will naturally be a lot of melancholy. This feeling of missing my old friend lasted until I fell asleep, and I actually met my good friend in my dream. This poem ends with a sentimental dream, with endless aftertaste.
Meng Haoran is good at capturing poetry in life. This poem is nothing more than the taste of leisure and self-satisfaction, with a little feeling of no confidant and no heavy ideological content; However, writing about feelings is implicit and poetic. Words are like flowing water, with beautiful and simple form, natural layering, and full of charm.
Appreciation of Ancient Poems in Jiangcun
Tang Dynasty: Du Fu
The clear river winds around the village, and everything in the village looks elegant in the long summer.
Swallows on the beam fly freely, and blind dates in the water are similar and accompanied. (The first work in class: Liang Shang)
The old lady is using a chessboard, and the younger son is making a hook with an injection.
As long as some old friends give me some money, what do I ask?
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The clear river of Huanhuaxi meanders through the village. In the long summer, everything is quiet and leisurely.
Swallows on the beam fly freely, and Bai Ou in the water approaches each other and accompanies each other.
The wife who has been with me for many years drew a chessboard on a piece of paper, and the young son bent the steel needle into a fishhook.
As long as an old friend gives me some money and food, what else can I ask for?
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Du Fu, the author, finally has a temporary residence after being displaced from place to place. In a quiet atmosphere, this poem describes the beautiful and quiet scenery in detail, casually describes the leisurely and warm life interest, and shows the satisfaction and joy brought by the author Du Fu's rare stable life.
"Qingjiang Baocunxi, Changxiajiang Village is quiet." In the village in early summer, a winding river flows quietly around the village, and the river is clear. There are fish playing in the water, coming and going silently. Everything in the whole village is so quiet. A piece of Qingjiang River brings peace and tranquility to the village. This "Qingjiang River" is the Huanhuaxi in Chengdu. The poet called it "Qing", probably because he liked it flowing around the village. So give it a good name.
Liu Baocun personifies its loveliness and takes care of the title of Jiangcun. The first two sentences set the atmosphere and won the will of the whole poem. Everything is long, and the poet who has gone through hardships no longer has troubles and worries, and enjoys the scenery in this village.
"Come to the beam alone and get in touch with the seagulls in the water." You see, as soon as the newly built thatched cottage was completed, naughty swallows flew around briskly, and no one took care of them, but they enjoyed themselves as freely as lively children. The poet stroked his beard, smiled and strolled to the river. On the river, there are two Bai Ou floating gently. They are either in front or behind, sometimes singing, sometimes chasing in circles on the water-they must be a pair of lovers in love. He Xun, a poet in the Southern Dynasties, once said, "The poor seagulls will swim upstream sooner or later." Du Fu once studied He Xun's poems. When he saw this scene, he must have forgotten the machine with understanding.
"The old man draws paper as chess, and the young son knocks the needle as a hook." The poet walked home slowly with a happy mood and saw his wife sitting in the shade of the door, drawing something on the paper. He looked closer, and it turned out to be a game of chess. The voice of "Tintin" came, and the youngest son was burying his head and knocking on a needle seriously. The playful child wants to make his own hook so that he can go fishing by the river.
This kind of scene is probably often seen in the village, but it is a rare and precious blessing for Du Fu, the author who has experienced the Anshi rebellion and suffered repeated setbacks and lived for half his life, which makes his heart warm. In his place, "the rich close their doors and follow the fat horse dust at dusk." Broken cups are cold and sorrowful everywhere ("Twenty-two Rhymes of Wei Zuocheng"). He never imagined that there would be such a warm moment. These two sentences capture the most common pictures in life and convey a universal family warmth and leisure and beauty of life.
"But with an old friend Mi Lu, what more can I ask?" The poet sighed from the calm life scene in front of him: an old friend gave me food and his salary. As an ordinary and humble person, what else can I ask for? These two seemingly happy and satisfied words, read carefully, actually do not know how much bitterness and bitterness are hidden.
Du Fu was able to live in Chengdu Caotang thanks to the help of his friends. Although there is such harmony and peace in front of him, it is based on his dependence on others. A great poet who is honored as a "poet saint" by later generations lives on the gift of others, even saying that he wants more, that is, he has no other requirements. The calmer this language is, the more it makes readers feel sad and cry. His ambition was "loyal to the monarch, and then change the customs" ("Twenty-two Rhymes of Wei Zuocheng"), but dozens of spring and autumn years have passed, and now people only want a dish and a meal in their old age. The poet said this lazily, as if his mind no longer had the haze of life and was no longer willing to meet those disturbances and noises.
From an artistic point of view, this poem is accurate and natural; The text is concise and implicit, but it is hard to find. This is the subtlety of Du Fu's regular poems. At the end of the couplet, the sentence "but an old friend provides rice" and the sentence "only medicine is needed for many diseases" are better from the perspective of peace and poetry.
The whole poem is closely linked: Liang belongs to the village, the gull in the water belongs to the river, the chess director Xia Ding, and the fish hook hides in the Qingjiang River. Zhuan Xu's "going to the beam alone, kissing the gulls in the water", two words of "self" and two words of "phase" are all self-correcting; Going, coming, kissing and being near are all right. Self-righting and mutual righting, reading is light and erratic. The "painting" and "knocking" on the necklace are all ready-made Moreover, both sentences are plain tone, which can best express the artistic conception that husband and wife grow old together, respect each other as guests, and their children are ignorant.