The death of Lu Xun shocked all walks of life and made the whole country extremely sad. At his funeral, people from all walks of life in Shanghai offered to see him off. More importantly, 16 bosses, including Peking University President Soong Ching Ling, Cai Yuanpei and writer Ba Jin, carried coffins to help him see off Lu Xun's last journey.
188 1 year, Lu Xun was born in a declining feudal bureaucratic family, and his ancestors were scholars in the late Qing Dynasty. Influenced by the family environment, he studied in San Tan Ying Yue when he was a child, and he accepted the feudal ethics of the monarch, the minister and his son when he was a child. He seems to see the future at a glance.
Before he was a teenager, his grandfather was arrested and imprisoned for a crime, and his father Zhou Boyi was ill in bed. The burden of family suddenly fell on Lu Xun's shoulders. In order to maintain the life at home and his father's medical expenses, Lu Xun had to pawn his family's belongings for money. As his family moved more and more empty, his life plummeted. Not long after, my father died of illness.
The tree fell down. During this period, great changes have taken place in Lu Xun's family. After the death of his father, family relatives fought tooth and nail for the division of family property. What's more, they hollowed out all the remaining assets of Lu Xun's family. Lu Xun hated this. In order to get rid of this suffocating family, he decided to go out to study.
Therefore, he studied in Jiangnan Naval Academy and Jiangnan Lushi Academy successively, and saved many scholarships for himself with excellent results, and successfully obtained the opportunity to study in Japan. Lu Xun, who came into contact with the new education, chose western medicine as his major and decided to be a doctor in the future to cure diseases and save lives. However, during his study in Japan, he deeply felt how China people were discriminated against and looked down upon in the international community.
"Studying medicine can't save China people." Lu Xun fully realized that today's China people are not only physically "the sick man of East Asia", but also ideologically "the sick man of East Asia". When people get sick, they can use scalpels and drugs to treat them. If their lovely thoughts are sick, what should they be treated with?
With such thought-provoking questions, Lu Xun turned to study philosophy and literature. During this period, the Sino-Japanese War broke out and China suffered a crushing defeat. Facing the ridicule and humiliation of the Japanese around him, Lu Xun was determined to get rid of this embarrassing situation and transform China at that time with his own strength.
Therefore, he officially left Japan, returned to the motherland, gave up medicine and started to make his mark in the New Culture Movement of 19 18, took New Youth as the position, awakened the national thoughts, and shone a light for that feudal era with dark thoughts. Starting from Diary of a Madman, a series of shocking voices and sharp words were like a steel knife inserted into the enemy's heart, which tore open the false mask of feudal ethics and awakened countless numb people who were poisoned and blinded by feudal oppression.
In order to fight against the Nanjing National Government, which distorted the facts and acted perversely, Lu Xun also organized and established the China Freedom Movement League, and joined the Chinese Left-wing Writers League founded by Zhong * * * in Shanghai. He fought for democracy with a pen as a knife and was an ideological revolutionary fighter. During this period, Lu Xun also made friends with a large number of like-minded writers, thinkers and revolutionaries with his talents and thoughts. They fought together in the front line of ideological revolution, which played an important role in promoting the development of China's modern thought.
From 1923, the political interests of the Kuomintang authorities were touched by Lu Xun's courage to speak for the people, to confront reactionary forces and to publicize Marxism. As a result, the government removed Lu Xun from his post and placed him in hit list. In the face of turbulent political situation and repeated setbacks in his career, Lu Xun did not bow to fate, but still insisted on being in the front line of the revolution, running around the clock for the student movement and the revolutionary cause, just to awaken more people in China.
However, long-term turmoil and hard work have also made Lu Xun's health worse and worse, suffering from illness. Coupled with Lu Xun's long-term smoking, his illness is getting worse every day. 1936 In the spring, Lu Xun had been tortured to the point where he weighed only 38kg. He is often ill in bed and even has difficulty breathing.
Perhaps knowing that time was running out, he forced himself to write an article called "Death" and published it. In the article, he made a will.
These last seven sentences are reserved for your family, warning the world, teaching people how to handle their own funerals and exposing hypocritical villains. Lu Xun knew that he had offended too many people because he was too strong in his life, but he knew that no one he criticized, reprimanded or attacked was wronged and would not be forgiven by him. So, at the end of the article, he said:
Lu Xun, who was so tough and refused to give in, was still worried about the agreement with his good friend tomiichi uchiyama before he died, and insisted on leaving a note for tomiichi uchiyama: "I don't want to catch my breath in the middle of the night. I'm sorry I can't keep the appointment at ten o'clock." And this paper, which has been scribbled under the torture of illness, has also become Lu Xun's masterpiece.
10 At 5: 25 on June 9, Lu Xun completely stopped breathing. Hearing this news, Neishan will be finished. When he saw the note left by Lu Xun, he burst into tears. Besides Neishan, Soong Ching Ling got the news and also came to discuss funeral committee's list with Lu Xun's wife, Xu Guangping, and his younger brother, Zhou Zuoren, including Cai Yuanpei, Soong Ching Ling, Contradiction, Neishan, Ba Jin and others, and Mao Zedong.
Mao Zedong has always loved reading Lu Xun's words, and he also highly praised Lu Xun's character and thoughts. He always praised Lu Xun, calling him "a Bolshevik outside the Party" and "a first-class saint in modern China", and called on all party member-born people to learn from Lu Xun's "bow their heads and be cows". During the Yan 'an period, Mao Zedong loved reading Lu Xun's books, and even often forgot to eat and sleep.
Mao Zedong was deeply saddened by the news of Lu Xun's death. At the same time, he also proposed that the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and China and the Soviet Union jointly publish many messages of condolence in memory of Mr. Lu Xun, and hold memorial meetings in various Soviet areas, set up Lu Xun Literature Prize, and establish Lu Xun Monument and many other commemorative activities.
The news of Lu Xun's death soon caused an uproar in China at that time. Many people came to pay their respects to this democratic revolutionary soldier, and those who paid their respects to Lu Xun's remains and saw him off even lined up for more than a dozen miles. At that time, forced by the sinister external environment, Mrs. Sun Yat-sen, Soong Ching Ling, took the initiative to stand up as the funeral host and provided political guarantee for the funeral with her special status.
In the end, funeral committee chose to hold Lu Xun's funeral in Wan Guo Funeral Home at 3 pm on 19. After the farewell ceremony of the remains was held in the Wan Guo Funeral Parlour, 16 celebrities, led by Ba Jin and Xiao Jun, carried coffins for them one after another, and Peking University President Cai Yuanpei and Chinese Mother Soong Ching Ling personally helped them. The atmosphere was dignified and sad, and everyone was immersed in the pain of losing the national backbone, and there was a whimper.
On Lu Xun's coffin, there is also a piece of "soul of china" inscribed by Shen Junru, which is impressive and writes down Lu Xun's life.