1. Liangzhu Culture In Liangzhu Town, the northern suburbs of Hangzhou, one of the sources of human civilization - "Liangzhu Culture" took place here and has continued for more than 5,000 years. The existing Liangzhu Cultural Museum (planned to be built into a national park), from the historical materials displayed in the museum and the large number of cultural relics excavated by archeology, has composed more than 5,000 years of charm for the ancient capital. It is dazzling and can be called a treasure of Chinese civilization. 2. Relics of Qin Shihuang Qin Shihuang once went to Qiantang in 210 BC. He looked out at the river and saw that the waves were dangerous and did not dare to cross the river. He traveled 20 miles westward and then crossed the river. The hilltop where Qin Shihuang stood was henceforth named "Qinwang Mountain" (now west of Liuhe Pagoda by the Qiantang River). Also, there is a large stone on Baoshi Mountain in West Lake. It is said that it was once the "cable boat stone" of Qin Shihuang. It was later engraved into a large Buddha head and is now a cultural relic protection unit in Hangzhou. 3. The Han Dynasty stone tablet shines in Xiling. Xiling Seal Society, "the most scenic spot in the lake and mountains" in West Lake, is a national key cultural relic protection unit. There is a "treasure of the society" in Xiling Seal Society - the "Stele on the Death Day of Three Old Laozi" of the Eastern Han Dynasty. It is treasured in the "Stone Chamber of Three Old Masters of the Han Dynasty" on the top of the Seal Society. The Eastern Han Dynasty stone stele is the earliest existing stele in Hangzhou, shining brightly in the beautiful lakes and mountains. 4. Ancient Temple of the Jin Dynasty at Fairy Mountain on the Lake. In the Jin Dynasty 1600 years ago, religious culture flowed into Hangzhou. A Taoist named Ge Hong (284~364) came from the Beishan Mountain of West Lake. He was a famous Taoist theorist, medicine man, and alchemist in the history of our country. The family is called "Gexianweng" by Hangzhou people. He made alchemy in Jielu (Baopulu) on the mountain. The mountain was called "Geling" from then on, and the place where Ge Hong made alchemy is now "Baopu Taoyuan". In the third year of Xianhe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (328), the Indian monk Huili came to Hangzhou and climbed Lingjiu Peak (today's Feilai Peak). He sighed that "the small peak of Lingjiu Mountain in Zhongtian Zhu Feilai" was said to be "a place hidden by fairy spirits". "Where", Lingyin Temple was built at the foot of the mountain. Two years later, he founded the Sutra Translation Academy (later changed to Fajing Temple) in Tianzhu Mountain, which is known as Xia Tianzhu. 5. The foundation of Fengshan was laid for the construction of Hangzhou in Sui Dynasty. In the ninth year of Emperor Kaihuang’s reign in Sui Dynasty (589), Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty Yang Jian changed the name of Qiantang to Hangzhou (from then on it became known as “Hangzhou”). In the eleventh year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign in the Sui Dynasty (591), the county seat of Hangzhou was moved from Hulin Mountain (later called Lingyin Mountain) to Liupu West (today's Xiajianggan area of ??Fenghuang Mountain), and a city was built based on Fenghuang Mountain with a surrounding area of ??15 kilometers. It was the earliest Hangzhou City. Under the beautiful Phoenix Mountain, the layout of the main city of Hangzhou is surrounded by rivers and lakes, a picture of Hangzhou's city changes, and the Grand Canal (800 miles from Zhenjiang Jingkou to Hangzhou) was opened in the Sui Dynasty. From then on, the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal ran through the north and south, and Hangzhou's economy Great cultural development. 6. Watergate in the Tang Dynasty. Poems by Bai Fu. In the second year of Tang Changqing (AD 822), the poet Bai Juyi became the governor of Hangzhou (the highest chief executive). During his tenure, he managed the West Lake, built embankments and gates, released water for irrigation, and rebuilt six wells that provided sweet springs for the people. He built the "Three Gates of the Holy Pond" to divert lake water to irrigate farmland. He wrote "Qiantang Lake Stone Record" and said: "Whenever water is released to irrigate fields, every inch reduced can irrigate more than fifteen hectares of fields." When he left office, he left a poem: " There is only one lake left to save you from the bad years. "The Shengtang Gate built by Bai Juyi is still beside the lake. And because there is a poem: "I love the lake that goes eastward, the white sand embankment in the shade of green poplars." In order to commemorate him, later generations renamed the white sand embankment "Baidu". 7. Leifeng Pagoda, a legacy of Wu and Yue. The beautiful West Lake is surrounded by clouds and mountains on three sides, with two pagodas facing each other in the north and south. They were all built in the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty (the end of the Wuyue Kingdom). The Leifeng Pagoda on the Leifeng Peak of Xizhao Mountain in the south interprets the vicissitudes of history and folk legends. In the eighth year of the founding of the Northern Song Dynasty (AD 873), Qian Hongchu, the last king of the Wuyue Kingdom in Hangzhou, determined to "return the land to the Song Dynasty" and promote the peaceful reunification of the country. At this time, his favorite Huang Fei gave birth to a child. In order to celebrate and pray for blessings, he built this pagoda. It was first named Huang Fei Pagoda, and later named Leifeng Pagoda because of the location. It collapsed on September 24, the 13th year of the Republic of China (1924). It is famous because it is accompanied by the story of "The Legend of the White Snake", one of the four major Chinese folk legends, and is also one of the ten scenic spots in the West Lake, "Leifeng Sunset". It was rebuilt on the original site in 2002, recreating the beautiful scenery of "Leifeng Sunset". 8． The Governor of West Lake has a lasting reputation. In the more than 2,200 years since Hangzhou was founded, there have been at least more than 500 local chief executives. Among them, the one most loved by the people and still remembered today is Su Dongpo in the Northern Song Dynasty. The poet Su Dongpo came to Hangzhou twice to serve as local chief executive. During his term of office, he did many good things for the people. When he took office for the second time, he found that almost half of the West Lake was silted and barren, with an area of ??about 10 hectares. He reported to the court "Begging for the Opening of the West Lake" and employed 200,000 workers to build a long embankment using mud, build six bridges, and plant peach willows and hibiscus. It was known as "Su Embankment". There are islands in the lake and three towers (coordinates) built outside, which are now the "Three Pools Reflecting the Moon". Because the poet has a quatrain: "If you want to compare the West Lake to the West Lake, it is always better to put on light makeup and heavy makeup." Since then, the West Lake has been known as the "West Lake". 9. Beside the White Pagoda Bridge, the Forbidden City’s Forbidden City From the eighth year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1138 AD) when Hangzhou was established as the capital, to the twenty-eighth year of Shaoxing (1158 AD), the Southern Song Dynasty built the Forbidden City on Phoenix Mountain with a circumference of 4.5 kilometers. It also built an outer city with a height of 6.7 meters and a width of 3.3 meters, with 13 gates. There are 13 grand halls built in the Forbidden City. In the second year of Deyou in the Southern Song Dynasty (1276 AD), Yuan soldiers invaded Hangzhou and the Southern Song Dynasty fell. The following year, due to the spread of fire in private houses, all the palaces in the Forbidden City were burned down. Only the white (stone) pagoda beside the White Pagoda Bridge still stands. From the White Tower, you can see the remains of the Imperial Palace of the Southern Song Dynasty on Phoenix Mountain, a vast expanse of greenery, and the ancient stone steps leading to the imperial garden lead directly to the top of Phoenix Mountain. 10. Titles of Ten Scenic Spots Ancient Temples Residence In the 28th year of Emperor Kangxi’s reign in the Qing Dynasty (1689 AD), Emperor Kangxi came to Hangzhou for the first time and visited the West Lake.
After that, Kangxi visited Hangzhou on four more tours to the south. During this period, a palace (today's Wenlan Pavilion) was built in Gushan, and the Yongjin River (Huansha River) in the city was dredged to facilitate dragon boats. The most influential thing is the title of "Ten Scenes of the West Lake", in which the words "Lotus Wind in the Quyuan" and "Clouds on Two Peaks" were changed to "Lotus Wind in the Quyuan" and "Clouds on the Two Peaks". Every time Emperor Kangxi came to Hangzhou, he would go up to Wushan Mountain from the Chenghuang Archway (alley) to offer incense. The stone steps used to go up the mountain are still there. He also stayed at Lingyin Temple, an ancient temple from the Jin Dynasty in West Lake, where he inscribed a plaque with the words "Yunlin Zen Temple" on it, which still exists today.