Water surrounds the bamboo and the fence.
The elms are all gone, and there are fewer hibiscus flowers.
No one is lying on the cow's back in the sunset.
Take western Western jackdaw back in pairs.
Poetry appreciation:
Zhang Shunmin was a famous poet in Song Dynasty.
Country House is one of his representative works. The poem describes a picture of a quiet and elegant autumn village with a hint of silence.
"Water around the ridge and bamboo around the hedge", the selection of materials is like the transformation of focal plane, from distant view to close view. In the distance of the village, flowing water gurgles around the fields on the hillside. The small garden outside the house, surrounded by green bamboo and green water, is idyllic. "all the money is lost, and the hibiscus flowers are rare." Hibiscus, also known as Hibiscus, blooms at the turn of summer and autumn, and its corolla is purple or white. Sparse hibiscus shows that it is a clear autumn, and an elm tree has long been in blowing in the wind. Therefore, although the courtyard is green and pleasant, it is a pity that the heyday has passed, and the remaining hibiscus flowers will inevitably cause the feeling of beauty dying. The significance of silence is self-evident.
"No one lies on the cow's back in the sunset, leading west Western jackdaw to return in pairs". The silence was broken by the hooves of cattle, and the poet switched the camera to the outside of the yard. The sun sets, the twilight is boundless, and the old cow slowly returns. This scene was sung as early as in the Book of Songs: "At dusk, the cattle and sheep came down". However, the poet did not repeat his predecessors' poems, but captured a brand-new artistic image: the old cow returned by itself, and the cow's back was not a cowherd playing piccolo, but a standing western Western jackdaw. Western Western jackdaw is easy to fly, but in this quiet atmosphere, carefree, standing on the back of cattle. The silence in western Western jackdaw is closely related to the movement of bulls. The movement of a cow contains the stillness of the western Western jackdaw, and the size is in contrast with the movement, which constitutes a novel picture. Song poetry strives for innovation, which is evident here. Is the word "no one is lying down" redundant? Why not just say, "When the sun sets, western Western jackdaw stands on his back?" This is the charm of this poem. No one is lying down is a pen, which causes readers to question: so what is on the back of the cow? So it leads to "bring back western Western jackdaw in pairs", and now the image is just around the corner. Without this setback, it would be too straight and lack rhyme. The sight of cattle carrying birds has also been described by poets close to Zhang Shunmin's time. As Mai Su said, "Where did the leaves go with the flowing water? Cattle take West Western jackdaw to other villages (see the book Dongpo Inscription and Maishi), and Zhu He's Water Negative Bird Anger (Collection of Qing Hu's Legacy, Volume 5, Kuaizaiting Dusk). Zhang Shunmin's poems are obviously more artistic. First of all, it incorporates its own emotional color. Cattle carrying Western jackdaw in the west reflects the tranquility and peace of rural life, but the author highlights the atmosphere with "sunset" and "Western jackdaw in the west", adding a touch of leisure to the tranquility. Second, the image is more delicate and vivid. If the "belt" and "row beam" cooperate with each other, the cow will feel at ease, and the cow and crow will naturally have no guess. It seems to be an understatement, but it has both form and spirit.
Silence is the keynote of this little poem. The first two sentences choose green water, fields, bamboo, hedges, elms, hibiscus flowers and other still lives to write static. The last two sentences are different techniques, which are dynamic and static. Cattle hoof is well received, walking slowly, noisy and dynamic, but it does not destroy the harmony and unity of the environment. The mystery lies in slow movement and single tone. This is obviously the same as Wang Wei's landscape poems, such as "Autumn in a Mountain" and "Bird Sound Stream", which are more about moving and writing static.
Through careful observation of life, this poem outlines a novel image in elegant and natural language, expresses the poet's leisurely and quiet mood with a little sadness, constitutes a harmonious artistic conception and gives people beautiful artistic enjoyment.