Wisteria hangs in the clouds,
Flowers and vines are suitable for spring.
A songbird with dense leaves,
The fragrant wind keeps beautiful people.
This poem Wisteria Tree was written by Yelang (now Tongzi, Guizhou) Li Bai on his way to Tengzhou.
Li Bai, (701-762), whose name is Taibai, is a violet layman. Originally from Longxi, in 742, he was recommended by Taoist Wuyun and sent to Beijing to worship the Hanlin. He returned to the mountains in 744 for offending powerful people. After the An Shi rebellion broke out, Li Lin, Emperor Yongli, invited him into the shogunate. Li Linbing died in defeat and was implicated in Xunyang prison. Shortly after his release (758), he was exiled to Yelang and was pardoned on his way home. His poems are as famous as Du Fu's, and are called Du Li, including The Complete Works of Li Taibai.
According to the annotation of Unified Chronology quoted in Appendix 6 of Complete Works of Li Taibai, "Li Baiyan is in Chishui Gorge, 60 miles east of Wuzhou, with a wide canal and a hole at the top, which is open in the sun. It is said that Li Baiyan passes through this place. " The Chronicle of tengxian compiled in the late Qing Dynasty said: "Lost ... (Li Bai) went to Tengzhou and lived in Guanghui Temple. There is a stone on the right. I read it for nothing. Because Li Bai is famous for his rock, there is a poem "Wisteria Tree". " It can be seen that Li Bai was indeed demoted to Tengzhou, and the time to write wisteria trees should be between 758 and 759.
This is a poem describing the scenery of Tengzhou. Poetry of chanting things focuses on borrowing things to express feelings. This poem mainly expresses the author's love for the great rivers and mountains of the motherland by chanting wisteria trees. There are paintings in poems, poems in paintings, and fresh artistic conception.
What kind of tree is wisteria? Shen Songkuo's "Reading in Mengxi" said: "Yellow cymbals, that is, the leaves of rattan today, are like Sophora japonica, and their spikes are drooping and purple as kudzu, which can be used as food ... those called wisteria flowers are really like soap." Cihai: Wisteria, also known as rattan, is a tall woody vine in Leguminosae, which blooms in spring ... It can be seen that Wisteria is a tall woody vine.
Tengxian county, called Tengzhou in ancient times, should be the origin of this plant. The author praises Tengzhou by chanting wisteria trees, and sees the big from the small in a unique way.
The first sentence of the poem, "Wisteria hangs a cloud tree", shows the tall image of wisteria tree, and the word "cloud" is used to decorate the tree to make it highly visual.
The second sentence in the poem, "Hua Teng is suitable for spring", shows that wisteria vines are suitable for open growth in the spring climate, and the brushwork from tree to Hua Teng makes the image of wisteria trees clearer.
The third sentence of this poem, "Birds are singing in dense leaves", clearly describes the condition of leaves and the birds singing in the depths of dense leaves. In fact, the writer's feeling: there are birds singing in the dense leaves of wisteria trees in the distance, but only the birds are heard, but no birds can be seen! Highlight the quiet wisteria forest, full of fun. The whole poem is simple and natural, using the combination of sketches, inverted sentences, imagination and antithesis sentences, which is similar to the artistic conception of "an empty mountain seems to be empty, only listening to human voices" in the poem "Chai Lu" by Wang Wei, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. It is unforgettable to use stillness to contrast the movement, which is quiet and extraordinary.
The fourth sentence, "Fragrant winds leave beautiful people", is the most wonderful stroke of the whole poem. On the basis of introducing "trees, flowers and leaves" in the first three sentences, the style of writing has changed, highlighting the quiet beauty of nature. In fact, write down your feelings with the wind: "The fragrant wind keeps the beauty!" The author praised the beauty of nature and the fragrance of wisteria in Gu Teng! What's the smell of wind? The author boldly imagines that "studying in the United States" is used as an interpretation to make the fragrance concrete! Smelling the wind can make the beauty of moving forward stay and appreciate it, and the realm is beyond words. This technique is similar to the description of Luo Fu's beauty in Yuefu Shang Mo Sang in the Han Dynasty. The walker sees Luo Fu, the teenager sees Luo Fu, takes off his hat and hoes, the tiller uses a plow and the hoe uses a hoe ... This shows that the author is worthy of being a master.
The whole poem vividly highlights the beauty of wisteria trees and praises the natural scenery of the motherland by means of line drawing, inversion, imagination and duality. It is really a rare masterpiece in writing landscape poems. This technique can be described as: clear water produces hibiscus, natural carving and novel artistic conception.