The ancients paid attention to playing the piano-the heart is right and the heart is far away. Playing the piano was an elegant thing in ancient times, which was a bit rare. It can be clearly seen from the historical documents that the ancients had great respect for those who could play the piano, and the famous pianists in the documents were basically outstanding figures with extraordinary spirit and extraordinary knowledge. It is not uncommon for the ancients to spend a lot of money to buy a piano and exchange dozens of acres of fertile land for a piano. Do something, or don't do it, as if you were doing a decent thing.
Anyone who has seen a Dream of Red Mansions knows that Sister Lin can play the piano. Back to the eighty-sixth book "An old official overturned his conviction for bribery and sent a book to a leisure lady to solve the piano", Baoyu had a whim to learn the piano from Daiyu, and Daiyu said with a loud shout. To sum up, Daiyu said that playing the piano should pay attention to the following aspects:
First, the environment is better: either choose beautiful and pleasant places in nature, or burn incense in quiet rooms and elegant rooms.
Second, the time is better: when the sky is crisp, the night is bright and the breeze is blowing gently.
Third, a good attitude: concentration, peace and stability, and Shinto harmony.
Fourth, the listener should be kind: it is better to have a bosom friend, and to play the beautiful things in nature without a bosom friend.
Fifth, good appearance: wear simple and generous clothes.
Sixth, the posture should be good and the method should be appropriate: the body should be straight and the fingering should be rich and simple.
Seventh, good self-cultivation: study hard.
Today, we can see the environment in which the ancients played the piano in handed down paintings. Most of them play the piano in beautiful places, or in open waterside spaces, or on lonely boulders. Mountains are stacked, forests and bamboos are luxuriant, and the blue water is surging with reflections. There is no one else around, except one or two elegant people with the same charm as the pianist, that is, the bartender boy who makes tea. It fully meets the requirements of "clearing the land". Such scenes are also common in ancient poems. Wang Wei is "leaning alone in the dense bamboo, while I play the piano and hum a song." The voice is so low that no one can hear it except my partner Mingyue. " (Bamboo House) Bai Juyi said, "When a bird comes out of the moon, it must sit in an empty forest. It's time to be free and play the pipa. " ("Qing Ye Qin Xing")
The life and spirit of ancient literati in China are most attached to mountains and rivers, and naturally they can give people the most enlightenment. The story of Boya learning piano from Cheng Lian recorded in the literature can explain this truth very well. Boya and Cheng Lian practice the piano together. Three years later, he thought he had learned all the piano skills of his teacher. Cheng Lian said that he would ask his teacher Fang Zichun to teach Boya and take Boya across the sea to Penglai Mountain. Cheng Lian asked Boya to wait here. He went to ask a teacher, left Boya alone on the island and stabbed the boat himself. Many days have passed, and Boya is looking forward to the arrival of the famous teacher every day, but only the vast sea and birds are singing in front of him. Thus, in the quiet and colorful scenery, Boya understood the teacher's intention: nature is the best teacher.
Learning strategies like this are very common in ancient China culture, and painting learners also have the view that "learning from the past is not as good as learning from nature".
The ancients chose the scenery to play the piano, which was meaningful. From a shallow point of view, this is a kind of life interest, from a deep point of view, this is a unique way of life for them to settle their spiritually guaranteed souls. This way has deep philosophical thinking and aesthetic feeling at the same time. Qin has always existed as a medium between people and things, nature and avenue. Therefore, the piano and the natural landscape are the carriers of the spirit. They are both the objects of spiritual aesthetics and the spirit itself. In the long years, China ancient literati absorbed the landscape character into the piano in this way, and used the piano to swing their spirit into Lin Ze.
At this spiritual height, the people of the Six Dynasties reached the highest level. Since then, although the relationship between piano and readers is still close, the philosophical height and spiritual depth derived from piano have gradually declined. Like other ancient arts in China, the place to play the piano has gradually moved towards elegant rooms, or from "big" to "small", from spiritual pursuit to life interest.
In this way, the relationship between Qin people and Qin is no longer as deep as before Wei and Jin Dynasties, and the pursuit of realm is no longer as high as before, and playing the piano is only an interest from realm. In the Qing Dynasty, Li Yu said in "Random Thoughts":
Playing chess can relax, but it seems difficult to have fun; Playing the piano is really nourishing, but it is not easy to hold it for sex. With a piano, you must sit still and play, and chess will be waiting for you. When all the skeletons are put away, why do you have to clean them again? When all thoughts are forgotten, why should we win or lose? There are often people who give up fame and fortune, but they won't forgive each other for winning the Go game with others. What's the difference between them and those who let thousands of countries compete for bean soup? Therefore, if you like to play, you don't like to listen. It is better to be good at watching than to be good at playing. I am happy when people win, and I don't have to worry when people lose, so I have been living in the scenic spot. I am lucky when others play with gentle voices, and I don't have to be fierce when others play with killing voices, so I grow into a lucky person. Or after listening to it, it is not without technical itching. Why not do it once in a while, but don't sleep in it, just have fun.
This passage is Li Yu's book "Retire, Enjoy Life". This part is all about how to enjoy life in the four seasons, how to enjoy life at any time, how to sit, sleep, drink and talk about bathing, how to enjoy flowers and listen to birds, and how to raise birds, fish, water, bamboo and wood. In short, how to make yourself happy and have fun without being tired. This is obviously influenced by the torrent of secular enjoyment since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and it may also be called a kind of human consciousness, but the height and depth of its spirit are obviously incomparable to those in Wei and Jin Dynasties.
The Music Score of Wenguan summarizes the stress of playing the piano as "five don't play", "fourteen don't play" and "fourteen should play". The "five don't play" means: "Don't play in windy or even rainy days, don't play in dusty cities, don't play among vulgar people, don't sit and play with clothes on." "fourteen don't play" means: "wind, thunder, rain, solar eclipse, in the Ministry of justice, in the city, in barbarians, in merchants, in prostitutes, after drunkenness, after midnight, ruin their clothes, be ashamed and smelly, encourage, make noise, don't wash their hands and gargle." The "Fourteen Appropriate Bullets" are: "Meet a bosom friend, meet a pleasant person, treat a Taoist priest, live in a high hall, climb a pavilion, sit on a stone, climb a mountain port, rest in an empty valley, swim in a pool, live in a boat, rest in a forest, and be bright."
These stresses, in a word, are all based on Jing Ya and cleanliness. However, after careful scrutiny, some seem a little overwhelmed. If you press this button, Ji Kang can't play Guangling and Ruan Ji can't play Drunk. In fact, many piano pieces are full of unfairness, and it is necessary for piano players to sing them if they are unfair.
Choosing the right place to play the piano is actually a request for your mood and yourself. The exquisite beauty of its moments aims to make the mind calm and refreshed. No matter how beautiful the land is, there is no peace of mind and the purpose cannot be achieved. On the contrary, if your mind is quiet and peaceful, you can still play the piano with a resting heart in a noisy place. If you can't play the piano without a quiet place, then there is something wrong with this mentality itself. Tao Yuanming made it very clear: "Building a house is based on human feelings, and there are no chariots and horses. What can you do? The heart is far from being biased. " Distant mind and peaceful mind are the key.
The key point of playing the piano also includes the requirements for the listener. There are many people who can play the piano in ordinary places, but they are never willing to sit with vulgar ears. If there are no mountains and rivers in front of them, they would rather play for themselves than for people who don't know the piano or even vulgar. Here, there are both arrogance and arrogance, as well as the hope that bosom friends and thoughts can know each other.
There are many stories in the history of piano, and people don't want to play for mediocrity. Dai Kui, a famous player in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, is a versatile artist who is good at all kinds of arts and plays the piano well. However, he has no desire for worldly fame and fortune, but he is born with lofty aspirations. Because of his talent, the emperor repeatedly called him to be an official, but he refused. Sima Taizai asked him to play the piano, but Dai Kui broke it and made it clear that he didn't want to be the king's master. His son and Dai are also famous pianists and hermits. Once, China secretary Wang Sui took a group of people to Dai Bo. Dai Bo is drinking bean porridge. Wang Sui said, "I hear you play the piano well. Play a song. " Deb didn't answer and continued to drink his bean porridge. Wang Sui hated it a little and left. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, many Qin musicians became the Qin to be called by the imperial court and the emperor (that is, people who served the emperor with Qin art). Although these people also play the piano for a living, most of them are very honest and humble.
So in the final analysis, the key point of playing the piano lies in the "heart" of the player. Although there is a truth that "the land is unclear and the heart is restless", if the heart is clear and quiet, it will be "self-biased to the distance" and feel at ease. The heart is the foundation of playing the piano. Only by being fundamentally thick can we convey valuable connotations. All art is like this. From this point of view, we can also say that the great emphasis on playing the piano lies in cultivating the mind and correcting the heart. Heart is right, voice is right, and heart is far away.