Appreciation of Key Sentences in Difficult Shu Road 1 by Li Bai
The first part, from? Until the two rulers of this area? Arrive? And then the ladder and the crib hook up? , mainly write the difficulty of opening up the road. The poet traced the long history that Shu and Qin were isolated from each other and did not communicate with each other from the ancient legend of establishing the country with Yu Fu, and pointed out that a rugged plank road was opened at the expense of the lives of five strong men in the desolate mountains. Emphasize the hard-won Shu Dao.
The second part is from? On the high flag, six dragons drive the sun? Arrive? Why do people from afar come here? , mainly writing about the difficulty of hiking. This part can be divided into two layers. The first eight sentences are on the first floor, emphasizing that mountains are high and roads are rugged. Precedents cite the situation that birds and animals who are good at soaring and climbing are helpless in the face of Shu Road, so as to set off the difficulty of climbing Shu Road. In addition, Qingniling Mountain, a prominent mountain in the Qin Dynasty, was specially chosen for an exaggerated description, showing that the Shu Road was majestic and insurmountable. ? We wonder if this Westward Trail will never end. Below it is the second floor, which depicts a series of scenes such as sad birds, ancient trees, empty mountains, withered pines, cliffs, rapids and waterfalls, with both sound and shape, so as to render the empty and terrible environment and desolate atmosphere in the mountains and lament why friends should take this risk to enter Sichuan.
The third part is from? Although the steeple pass is firm and severe? Arrive? Why not go home early? From the sinister geographical situation of Jiange to the sinister social situation at that time, I advise my friends not to stay in Shu for a long time and return to Chang 'an as soon as possible. This part can also be divided into two layers. The first five sentences are one layer, translated into Concise Songs published in the Western Jin Dynasty? One person is a halberd, and ten thousand people are useless. Where did you win, not living with relatives? The danger of Jiange Pass is highlighted, and the last six sentences are on the first floor, which means that if local warlords rebel by dangerous means, it will endanger the people and advise their friends to leave the dangerous place as soon as possible.
The whole poem is mainly composed of the above three parts. As for those that appear three times in the poem? Such travelling is harder than scaling the blue sky? Two poems are a clue connecting all the parts. It makes the whole poem echo from beginning to end and is inseparable.
Appreciation of Key Sentences in Li Bai's Difficult Shu Dao Er
The difficulty of Shu Dao is an old topic in Han Yuefu, which belongs to? Harmony song? Are you online? A tune? . Guo Maoqian's Poems of Yuefu (Volume 40) quoted Yuefu to solve problems. "Shu Dao Nan" prepared a statement about the resistance of Tongliang and Yulei (both Sichuan mountain names). . From Wendi to Zhang in the early Tang Dynasty, many people wrote poems on this topic. Li Bai's poem, although it also describes the difficulty of Shu Dao along the old topic of Yuefu, is richer in content and more positive in ideological significance.
Describing the sudden emergence of Shu Dao and its dangers is the main content of this poem, which occupies most of the whole poem. Li Bai loves his hometown of Sichuan and the mountains and rivers of the motherland very much, and many of his poems strongly express this emotion. The same is true of Shu Dao Nan. Although, in order to convince his friends, he tried to exaggerate and describe the dangers and horrors of Shu Dao, his sincere love for the mountains and rivers of his motherland made him involuntarily devote all his enthusiasm to Shu Dao in his works. While describing the dangers and horrors of Shu Road, he also wrote its abrupt, majestic, powerful and insurmountable majestic momentum. It shows the magnificence of the mountains and rivers of the motherland.
Secondly, this poem reflects the profound friendship between the author and Wang Yan. Li Bai attaches great importance to friendship. His friendship with poet Du Fu, Taoist Wu Yun and farmer Wang Lun has always been a beautiful talk in the history of literature. He and Yan Wang have a deep friendship. When Wang Yan entered Shu, he wrote a series of poems such as Ode to Jiange and Sending Friends to Shu. When Wang Yan died, he wrote three poems "Crying Wang Yan on Lishui Road" to express his deep condolences. In this poem, when he described Shu Dao, he couldn't help sending it out? We wonder if this road to the west will never end. People far away, how stupid they are! ? Looking sideways at the west for a long time? One is lamenting, deeply worried about Yan Wang's trip, and sincerely urging Yan Wang to return to China as soon as possible, showing real concern and affection for his friends.
As mentioned above, this poem is the beginning of Tianbao. At that time, the Tang society was stable and prosperous on the surface, but there were many contradictions and dangers in its bones. On the one hand, right? Is the law lax? Land annexation is serious. On the one hand, it is difficult for the court to control the self-esteem of the soldiers in the buffer region. Therefore, some of Li Bai's third poems, although still mainly describing the topography of Shu Road, intentionally or unintentionally show anxiety about the crisis of state affairs and show concern for the future and destiny of the country.
No matter from which artistic point of view, Shu Dao Nan can be regarded as Li Bai's masterpiece. It embodies the artistic features of Li Bai's poems and the author's creative personality.
The first is strong feelings. At the beginning of the opening, the author took it? Whoa, whoa, whoa! High risk! Such travelling is harder than scaling the blue sky? He expressed surprise and excitement at the precipitous Shu Road. Then, in the middle and end of the poem, he repeated this exclamation twice, wrapping his strong feelings in the whole poem, giving people a feeling of three sighs, which is exciting to read.
The second is extreme exaggeration. Exaggeration is a common artistic technique used by poets. However, Li Bai's exaggeration is rare. He often exaggerates things in his works to the extreme and uses them freely? A thousand? ; ? Wan? Such as a huge number. Like what? Three thousands of feet white hair? 、? Flying down from 3,000 feet? 、? The canoe has passed through Chung Shan Man? Such well-known poems are typical examples. As far as Shu Daonan is concerned, his exaggeration has reached its peak. People say that ascension is the hardest; He said:? The difficulty of Shu Dao is difficult to go to the sky! ? There is a saying in the idiom that anticlimactic, but he said? The difficulty of Shu Dao? ,? Even hearing it makes your cheeks pale! ? Folk songs are handed down from generation to generation. Kung fu is too white, heaven is 300? , give him a pen? The highest cliff is less than a foot from heaven? . In order to emphasize the long time of traffic congestion in Qin and Shu, he said yes? 48 thousand? In order to highlight the winding of Qingniling Mountain Road, he said yes? Ten percent discount? ; In order to show the majestic Shu Road, he even exaggerated that even the six dragons driving for the sun had to turn around and go back to the east? Although these extreme exaggerations do not conform to the reality of things, they strongly highlight the dangers and magic of Shu Dao and its awe-inspiring momentum.
Third, the imagination is rich and strange. Li Bai's imagination in this poem is amazing, beyond the limitation of time and space, without any constraints. From the ancient legend of the founding of Can Cong and the opening of Wuding Mountain to? There are scary hungry tigers during the day and poisonous reptiles at night? Terrible reality, from the outside of the cloud nine, to the abyss of rough waves and twists and turns; Both? Ten percent discount? 、? The highest cliff is less than a foot from heaven? 、? Dry pine trees hang low on the cliff? All kinds of pictures are displayed, and? Sad bird? 、? Sub-rule 、? Let the rotating stone make a thunderous sound through 10 thousand valleys? Various voices are stirring; Even if there is? Panting, we passed Orion, passed Jingxing, and then fell to the ground with our arms folded and groaned? Personal experience and on-site feelings. With magical imagination, the author described the face of this road in the middle of Shu, vividly rendered its gloomy and quiet atmosphere, and made people see and hear it. Ouyang Xiu once said:? The difficulty of Shu Dao is difficult to go to the sky, and it is too white to put pen to paper. Yu Sheng, a Taibai drama, vividly tells people's artistic feelings after reading Shu Dao Nan.
It should be noted that the author also combines myths and legends with his peculiar imagination and wanton exaggeration, so that the three complement each other and blend into one. This is a remarkable feature of the romantic style of Li Bai's poems, and it is also another artistic feature of this poem. In this poem, the author uses the ancient legend of silkworms opening the country, opening mountains in five seasons, crying and hating children, and the magnificent myth of six dragons returning to Japan, weaving into his strange imagination and exaggerated description of the hardships of Shu Road, and smearing a layer of quaint, sad and mysterious colors on the rocks in the work, which makes the whole work exude a strong romantic atmosphere. It should be pointed out that these myths and legends are not only the content of the author's imagination, but also the embodiment of his wanton exaggeration. They are external to each other and inseparable.
Finally, talk about the flexibility of sentence patterns and the unrestrained language in Shu Dao Nan. Li Bai is bold by nature, and he also likes to write poems with free sentence patterns and Ye Yun's rambling aria, so as to express his ups and downs. This poem is composed of seven words and one line, with seven words as the main sentence pattern, four words, five words, six words and eight words. The short one has only three words, and the old one has eleven words, which vary in length, scattered and handed in, sometimes scribbled, sometimes neat, casual and comfortable. From a linguistic point of view, both? One person guards it, and ten thousand people can't force it? Is the placement order also symmetrical? Why do people from afar come here? Loose stretching; Both? Dry pine trees hang low on the cliff? Refined and dignified, too? Although the Silk City is beautiful, I'd rather go home soon? Smooth and light, is it dangerous? Tautology is a disguise. Rewrite the promotion momentum:? Whoa, whoa, whoa? The choice of function words in the three characters is unintentional but unique, which is used in poetry from Sichuan dialect. Bold and unrestrained, there is no standard to follow, blurted out, but it is not appropriate to do anything, which has played a fruitful auxiliary role in content and emotional expression.
The original text of Li Bai's Shu Dao Nan
Hey, hey, it's dangerous! The difficulty of Shu Dao is difficult to go to the sky!
Until the two rulers of this area forced their way through in the foggy age! Forty-eight thousand years have passed. Don't talk to Qin Sai. And Dabaishan, to the west, still has only one bird path, which can cross Emei Mountain. It was once broken by an earthquake, and some brave people lost it, only completing the stone steps leading to heaven.
On the high flag, six dragons drive the sun, and far below, the river lashes its twisted channel. Such a height is difficult for a yellow crane, poor monkey, they only have claws to use. The Green Mud Mountain is made up of many circles. For every hundred steps, we have to turn nine times in the middle of its mound. Panting, we passed Orion, passed Jingxing, and then fell to the ground with our arms folded and groaned. We don't know whether this road to the west will never end. The road ahead is getting darker and darker.
Nothing can be heard except the cries of birds surrounded by ancient forests. The males fly past the females around the forests. Jathyapple, what comes to us is the melancholy voice of Du Fu, a sad empty mountain. It's hard to get through the Shu Road, and it's hard to get to the sky, and it turns pale when you smell it. The highest cliff is less than a foot from heaven, and the withered pine trees hang low on the cliff surface. One thousand waterfalls rushed forward one after another, sending out the thunder of rotating stones in ten thousand valleys. This is the risk. Why do people who live at a safe distance come here? .
Although the pass of the watchtower is strong and steep, one person guards it and ten thousand people can't beat it. What if he is not loyal, but a wolf to his companions? . There are hungry tigers in the daytime, and there are poisonous reptiles at night. Their teeth and fangs are ready to kill people like hemp. Although the Silk City is beautiful, I'd rather go home soon.
The difficulty of Shu Dao is difficult to go to the sky, and it is difficult to squint at the west.