It refers to the literature from the French "July Revolution" (1830) to the "Paris Commune Revolution" (187 1), which mainly includes romantic literature, critical realism literature and early proletarian revolutionary literature. From the end of18th century to the beginning of19th century, under the direct influence of the British Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution, the romantic trend of thought (as a literary trend of thought) rose. 1. background 1. British industrial revolution ii. The French Revolution. Romantic trend of thought in ideological field 4.65438+literary tradition in the 8th century 5. Resistance to classicism II. Basic characteristics 1. Strong subjective color II. Like to describe and praise nature. Pay attention to medieval folk literature (using its theme, language and expression) 4. Pay attention to artistic effect.
19th century literature (2)-critical realism literature (1),
Background 1. Calm and pragmatic social psychology II. The great development of natural science, materialist philosophy and utopian socialism theory. Tradition of realism connecting the past with the future II. The basic characteristics of critical realism literature. Describe real life objectively and truly II. Criticize, expose and improve. Create typical characters in a typical environment.
/kloc-literature in the 0/9th century (3)/kloc-in the late 9th century, European literature showed a diversified pattern. First, the prosperity of critical realism literature in 1930s; Second, with the deepening of people's understanding of the environment and genetic functions, naturalistic literature has formed; Third, Paris commune literature; Fourthly, various forms of irrational formalism with modern characteristics have emerged. But the mainstream is still realism. 1. background 1. The rapid development of capitalism has deepened social contradictions and people's disappointment with realistic reform. 2. Various philosophies and social thoughts have influenced the diversity of literature. 3. The innovation of literary concept promotes the change of literary form. 2. Basic features 1. The coexistence of three thoughts is Marx's scientific socialism; Traditional humanitarian thought; Schopenhauer, Nietzsche and Bergson's irrational theory II. Start "retreat" 3. Pay more and more attention to literary skills.