Su men si ba Shi
Northern Song Dynasty writers Huang Tingjian, Qin Guan, Chao,. Su Shi is the leader who presided over the literary world in the Northern Song Dynasty after Ouyang Xiu. He enjoyed a high reputation among writers at that time. Many people made friends with him or accepted his guidance for a period of time. Huang, Qin, Chao and Zhang were all trained, rewarded and recommended by him. Among Su Shi's numerous proteges and admirers, he appreciates and values these four people the most. Su Shi himself was the first person to mention and publicize their names. He said: "Huang Tingjian, Chao and Qin Guan are not known to the world, only history is a prophet." ("Answer to Li Zhao □ Book") Because of Su Shi's reputation, the four people quickly became famous all over the world. "Biography of Huang Tingjian in the History of Song Dynasty (VI)" records: "(Huang Tingjian) swam to Sushimen with, Chao and Qin Guan, and were called the four bachelors in the world." However, the title of "Four Scholars of Su Men" only shows that these four writers are favored and guided by Su Shi and influenced by his literature, which does not mean that they or they and Su Shi can be collectively referred to as a literary school. In fact, the four bachelors have different attainments, are influenced by Su Shi to different degrees and have different literary styles. For example, Huang Tingjian is unique, and he is also called Su Huang with Su Shi; Qin Guan's main achievement is ci, but his ci does not follow the path of Su Shi, but is good at graceful and restrained.
Huang Tingjian (1045- 1 105) was born as a Taoist in the valley, later named Fu Weng, and was born in Fenning, Hongzhou (now Xiushui, Jiangxi). Yingzong Zhiping Jinshi. He used to be a local official and editor of national history. In the party struggle, he was demoted and charged with tampering with Zongshen's records. Finally died in the southwest detention center. Huang Tingjian, known to Su Shi for his poems, is one of the "Four Bachelor of Su Men". His poems are patriarchal to Du Fu, and there are such sayings as "taking the fetus as the bone", "turning the stone into gold" and "no words and no evidence". This style is strangely hard and astringent. He founded Jiangxi Poetry School, which had a great influence in the two Song poetry circles. Ci is as famous as Qin Guan. Young people often write colourful ci, and the style of ci in their later years is close to that of Su Shi. There is "Gu Ji", and its poem name is "Gu Jing Lu", and its ci collection name is "Gu Qin Interesting Waipian" (namely "Gu Ci"). He is also good at cursive script and cursive script, and is one of the "Song Sijia". His works include Hua Yan Shu, Song Feng Ge Shi and Lian Po Lin Xiangru Biography.
Qin Guan (1049- 1 100) was born in Gaoyou, Yangzhou (present-day Jiangsu), and his nickname was Shao You, which was too empty. He used to be the provincial secretary and editor of the National History Institute. Because of his political inclination to the old party, he was regarded as Yuan You party member and was relegated after Shao Sheng. Prose was appreciated by Su Shi, one of the "Four Bachelor of Su Men", and he wrote poems. Most of the lyrics are about love between men and women, and there are also sentimental life experiences. The style is euphemistic and subtle, beautiful and elegant, and the poetic style is similar to that of ci. There are Huaihai Ji, Huaihai Jushi Long and Short Sentences and Huaihai Jushi Long and Short Sentences, also known as Huaihai Ci. Name of word set. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Qin Guan (No.Huaihai Jushi) wrote three volumes, which were found in Huaihai Collection and Jiangcun Series written by Zhu Xiaozang, with proofreading records written by Zhu. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Jin Mao published a volume originally named Huaihai Ci. No author can swim less recently. For example, "Outside the sunset, West Western jackdaw counts, and the water flows around the lonely village". Although illiterate, people know that they are born with good words. (Wu Chao blames) Zi Zhan's words are better than feelings, and Qiang Qing's feelings are better than words. Commensurate with feelings, only swim less. (Cai) Today, pronouns are only Huang Jiu-Er, and people in the Tang Dynasty are neither arrogant nor impetuous. (Chen Houshan) Qin Ci pays more attention to emotion than reality. For example, a beautiful woman from a poor family is extremely beautiful and rich, but after all, her wealth is insufficient. (Li Yian) Few words are beautiful, while Gree is weak. (Hu) Qin Shaoyou's ci system is elegant and meaningful. There is a sense of constant pulse in beauty. If you chew without me, you will know the taste for a long time. (Zhang Shuxia) is superior to Su Huang in both emotion and rhyme. Although it is rarely circulated, it is still very helpful to the happy school family. ("Summary of Si Ku") Qin Shaoyou is naturally a good hand. He is close to success and leads all the way; The distant ancestors Wen and Wei have changed their words, taking their gods instead of attacking their appearance. However, if you change it without losing its correctness, the debater will not get sick and change it, but will feel that someone else needs to change it. Later generations called Qin Wei Liu and Liu regarded Qin Wei as slaves, how can they be compared! (Chen Tingzhuo, "Baiyuzhai Thorns")
Chao (1053-1110) was a poet of the Northern Song Dynasty. Words without blame, children without return, Jeju Juye (now Shandong Juye). What is lacking is writing, which Su Shi appreciates. In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), Zongshen was promoted to be a scholar, and he was appointed as a steward of Lizhou, a professor in the capital, imperial academy. Zhe Zongyuanyou was appointed as an imperial historian at the beginning, and later transferred to the post of secretary Zheng Zi and proofreader Lang. The secret cabinet sent a verdict to Yangzhou and called it back for work. Shao Shengjian was expelled from Zhi Zhi by the New Party. He was sentenced to general punishment in Mizhou because of the wrong revision of Zongshen Record, and was also sentenced to prison and wine tax in Xinzhizhou. Hui Zong ascended the throne (1 10 1) and was recalled as Yuan Wailang of the official department, Langzhong of the official department and Guo Zi. In the fourth year of worshipping Ning (1 105), Cai Jing was listed as one of the 309 "traitors", leaving Zhizhou and Mizhou, and was later demoted as the general manager of Hongqing Palace. Go back to your hometown and build a "return garden" to live in. Hui Zong spent four years in Daguan (1 1 10), joined the party, got to know Dazhou, changed to Sizhou, and died in the official residence. With Zhang Lei, Qin Guan and Huang Tingjian, they are also called "Four Bachelor's Degree of Su Men". Poetry and prose are good at calligraphy and painting, especially words, with generous style and clear language.
Zhang Lei (1054-1114) was a poet of the northern song dynasty. The word Qian Wen,No. Keshan, was born in Huaiyin, Chuzhou (now Jiangsu). Xining Jinshi, once served as Taichang Shao Qing and other posts. It is one of the "Four Bachelor of Sumen". Influenced by Bai Juyi and Zhang Ji, poetry is concise and fluent, reflecting social contradictions. You can also write. He is the author of Zhang You Shi Wenji.
2. Famous literary common sense questions (questions and answers should be separated)
1. There are "three unique" characters in the classical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, among which "intellectual unique" is (), "righteous unique" is (), and "treacherous unique" is ().
2. During the 26th Journey to the West, the Monkey King went to Mishima for help and asked for a live ginseng tree. Where did he go in turn?
3. "The bigger the flower of words, the smaller the fruit of behavior." This is the _ _ _ of the century old man.
Poems full of profound philosophy, her two collections of poems, _ _ _ _ and _ _ _ _, mostly praise nature and maternal love. Poetry is deeply influenced by Indian poet ()
4. In the novel "Water Margin", although in Liangshan, the leaders of the peasant uprising who are bent on "getting a wife and a son and getting a good reputation in history over time" are () posthumous title () and ().
1. Zhijue: Zhuge Liang Yijue: Guan Yu traitor Jue: Cao Cao
2. Penglai, Yingzhou and Abbot in Penglai Island
3. Stars in the Ice Heart and Spring Tagore
4. Song Jiang Hei Song Jiang Heisaburo timely rain Hu
3. The literary common sense of Griff's travels and its answers (fill in the blanks)
1。
Gulliver traveled to four countries in Gulliver's Travels: (), (), Lai Pittas (flying to an island) and Huiwen. 2。
Gulliver's Travels was written by () {nationality}/kloc-the best satirist and political critic in the early 8th century (). 3。
In Gulliver's Travels, Gulliver traveled for the first time and found that the lilliputian country chose officials by (): he traveled for the fourth time and came to () {country name}, showing a bizarre scene of * * * inversion. 4。
The Yahoo website, known to millions of people, was originally named Yahoo, which originated from the monster Yehu mentioned in the fourth volume of Gulliver's Travels. Now, it has become one of the most familiar terms in the Internet world. 5。
Gulliver's Travels uses "()" (country name) to attack/kloc-British capitalist rule in the 8th century, which is quite ironic. 6。
The partisan struggle in Lilliputian is divided into () and () factions according to the heel height. 7。
The people of Blefuscu didn't think what I was going to do at all. At first it was just (). Then they saw me cutting the cable and thought I just wanted to call the warship () to hit each other.
But when they saw that the whole fleet was just () moving and I was pulling one end, they screamed at once. That kind of sad and desperate cry is really indescribable and unimaginable.
I walked out of the danger zone, paused for a moment, pulled out the arrows on my hands and face, and applied some ointment, which I mentioned before and was given to me by Lilliput people when I first arrived. Then I took off my glasses and waited for about an hour. When the tide receded a little, I waded across the channel with my goods and arrived safely at the royal port of Lilliput.
(1) This story is selected from Gulliver's Travels, a literary masterpiece, written by Jonathan, an excellent satirist in Britain 18 th century. Swift, "I" means () ② Fill in the appropriate four-character idiom on the horizontal line according to the meaning of the text.
-dividing line. Lilliput II.
Naijiang Naisheng Swift 3. Skipping Competition: Wisdom Fruit 4.
Travel notes 5. Lilliput 6.
High heel party and low heel party 7. (1) Gulliver (2) panicked and went with the flow in order (3) Gulliver towed away Brefuscu's fleet with his bare hands.