Ancient poetry is the general name of China's ancient poetry. From the perspective of meter, ancient poetry can be divided into ancient poetry and modern poetry. Taking the Tang Dynasty as the boundary, the previous poems were all ancient poems, and later, the ancient poems gradually declined and died out. Ancient poetry is also called ancient poetry or ancient style; Modern poetry is also called modern poetry. From the Book of Songs to Yu Xin in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, they are all ancient poems, but the poems after the Tang Dynasty are not necessarily modern poems, but they are distinguished according to rhyme.
The number of words and lines in classical poetry;
Classical poetry has a fixed verse and a fixed style. All ancient poems are classified according to the number of words in the poem. Four-character ancient poems are referred to as four-character ancient poems for short; Five-character ancient poems are referred to as five-character ancient poems for short; Seven-character ancient poems are referred to as seven-character ancient poems for short. Four-character poems were adopted by people as early as the Book of Songs. But it gradually declined in the Tang Dynasty, and few people wrote it. Therefore, ancient poetry is still expressed in five words and seven words.
Five-character ancient poetry is the orthodoxy of ancient poetry, and many people write it.
Seven-character ancient poetry is not the mainstream of classical poetry, because it originated late. Therefore, the seven-character style is greatly influenced by the seven-character modern poetry.
Five-character ancient poems and seven-character ancient poems are both ancient poems with neat words. There is also a kind of ancient poetry with mixed words, and the length between the lines is different and uneven.
There are many styles of ancient poetry in China, and there are different opinions on the classification and appellation of ancient poetry. Especially for Yuefu, ancient style and ballad poetry, it is even more confusing. Because, from the formal point of view, Yuefu style and ancient style are both five-character styles, and seven-character ancient poems and ancient songs are all seven-character styles, so it is difficult to distinguish them. But since ancient times, people have unanimously recognized their differences in content, technique and style, and established their names.
Poetry writing requirements
The pictographic nature of Chinese characters makes classical poetry vivid. For example, Pound, an American poet, thinks that the Chinese character "spring" means "under the branches where plants thrive, the sun is low". Therefore, poems composed of Chinese characters, like groups of moving pictures, make readers get rid of phonetic grammar and directly enter the realm described by the poet.
Chinese characters also have a very important influence on the form of China's poetry, which is mainly manifested in:
1. Concise sentences
Classical poetry, except words and songs, is mostly neat sentences. For example, The Book of Songs is basically four words, The Songs of Chu is generally six words plus the word "Xi", and most ancient poems and modern poems are five or seven words. For example:
Guan Guan sui dove,
In Hezhou.
My beautiful lady,
A gentleman would like to marry a good girl.
("The Book of Songs")
2. Peace and confrontation
"Ping" and "Nuo" are two major categories of Chinese tones. In modern poetry, poetry and songs, there are quite strict regulations on the use of flat and even words. Some posts must use plain language, and some posts must use plain language. For example:
Spread a tight knot and make it as long as possible.
(Han Yu: "Chun Xue")
Antithesis means that in a couplet, words with the same position in the upper and lower sentences should belong to the same category, such as "green plums in the east garden and green grass in the west garden". East and West, Nursery and Garden, Plum and Green Grass, Development and Opening are opposites.
3. Words and grammar
Because each Chinese character is basically an independent unit with both form, sound and meaning, and many Chinese characters are polysemous, and the bonding relationship between words is varied, so the words in this bonding poem are extremely complicated and diverse. For example, adding a word after the word "wind" can form many words: charm, scenery, wind and thunder, wind and frost, wind and wind, etc.
Syntactically, due to the characteristics of Chinese (such as lack of morphology and flexible structure, etc. ) and the independence of Chinese characters, in classical poetry, two Chinese characters are often separated or some Chinese characters are moved from the back to the front. Typical is Du Fu's poem "Sweet rice pecks at parrot grains, phoenix perches on old branches". The normal syntax should be "parrot pecks fragrant rice, phoenix perches on old branches"
Examples of ancient poetry
Li Bai (70 1 ~ 762) is Taibai, a famous violet layman.
Known as the poet fairy, she died at 6 1.
Classic verse:
One day, I will ride the wind and waves, raise the Yun Fan and cross the sea. It's hard to go.
But since the water is still flowing, although we cut it with our swords and raise our glasses to drown our sorrows. Xie Tiao Building in Xuanzhou sends off the school book Shu Yun.
Since God has given talents, let them be used! As for the money, although it is scattered, it will get together again. Invite for a drink
Production steps:
First, divide the layout for typesetting, then filter the above words into handwritten newspapers, and finally add pictures and borders for beautification.