1. The original text and translation of Ouyang Xiu in classical Chinese
The Drunkard Pavilion by Ouyang Xiu in the Northern Song Dynasty
Selected from - "Collected Works of Ouyang Wenzhong"
Chu (chú) is surrounded by mountains. The peaks and forest gullies in its southwest are particularly beautiful. The one who looks awe-inspiring but has a profound beauty is láng yá. After walking six or seven miles up the mountain, you gradually hear the sound of gurgling water flowing out between the two peaks, which is called Ningquan. On the winding road, there is a pavilion standing over the spring, which is called the Drunkard Pavilion. Who built the pavilion? The monk of the mountain is Zhixian. Who is named? The prefect calls himself. The prefect and his guests came here to drink, and they often got drunk. He was also the oldest, so he called himself the drunkard. The drunkard's intention is not in wine, but in the mountains and rivers. The joy of mountains and rivers is the wine contained in the heart.
If the sun rises and the forest falls, the clouds return and the cave becomes dark, and the twilight changes, this is the morning and evening in the mountains. The wild fields are fragrant and fragrant, the beautiful trees are beautiful but densely shaded, the wind and frost are noble and pure, the water falls and the rocks emerge, these are the four seasons in the mountains. Going in the morning and returning at dusk, the scenery in the four seasons is different, and the joy is endless.
As for the losers singing on the road, and the travelers resting in the trees, the former calls, and the latter responds, supporting and supporting them, going back and forth without stopping, this is Chu people traveling. Fishing near the stream, the stream is deep and the fish are fat. The spring is brewed into wine, the spring is fragrant and the wine is liè; the mountain delicacies and wild asparagus are mixed and aged beforehand, which is also the prefect's banquet. The joy of a banquet is neither silk nor bamboo. The one who shoots is in the middle, the one who plays chess wins. The one who drinks wine and drinks crosses each other. The one who stands up and makes a noise is the joy of all the guests. Anyone with pale face and white hair who seems to be slumped indicates that the prefect is drunk.
The sun has set on the mountain, the figures are scattered, the prefect has returned and the guests have followed. The woods are dark, the songs are rising and falling, the tourists are gone and the birds are enjoying themselves. However, birds know the joy of mountains and forests, but they do not know the joy of people; people know the joy of traveling from the prefect, but they do not know the joy of the prefect. He who can enjoy himself when he is drunk and can write about it when he is awake is a prefect. Who does the governor call? Luling Ouyang Xiuye.
[Edit this paragraph] Translation
Chuzhou City is surrounded by mountains, and the various peaks, woods and valleys in the southwest of the city are particularly beautiful from a distance. Looking up, the lush, deep and beautiful place is Langya Mountain. After walking for six or seven miles along the mountain road, I gradually heard the sound of gurgling water. What flowed out from between the two peaks was Ningquan. As the mountain winds around and the road turns, there is a pavilion with upturned corners, like a bird spreading its wings, perched high on the edge of the spring. This is the Drunkard Pavilion. Who built the pavilion? It is Zhixian, a monk in the mountains. Who named it? The prefect named it after his own nickname. The prefect came here to drink with his guests and got drunk after drinking a small amount of wine. Since he was the oldest, he gave himself the nickname "Drunkard". The drunkard's interest is not in wine, but in the beautiful mountains and rivers. The pleasure of appreciating mountains and rivers is grasped in the heart and placed in wine.
When the sun comes out, the fog in the woods disperses, the smoke and clouds gather, and the valley looks dim. In the morning, it will be dark and bright, and in the evening, it will be bright and dark, or dark or bright, and the changes are unpredictable. , that is, the morning and evening in the mountains. In spring, wild flowers bloom, exuding a quiet fragrance. In summer, the trees are lush and leafy, forming a rich green shade. In autumn, the sky is clear and crisp. In winter, the water level is low and the rocks are exposed. These are the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter in the mountains. view. Going into the mountains in the morning and coming back in the evening, the scenery of the four seasons is different, and people's fun is endless.
As for people carrying things singing on the road, pedestrians resting under the trees, people in front calling, people behind saying yes, old and young, coming and going in an endless stream, this is Chuzhou people traveling. Come to the stream to fish, the stream is deep and the fish are fat; use the spring water to make wine, the spring water is fragrant and the wine is mellow; all kinds of game and wild vegetables from the mountains are placed in front of you. This is the prefect's banquet. The pleasure of a hearty banquet does not lie in the music. The pot thrower hits the target, the chess player wins, the wine glasses and wine chips interact with each other, and the guests are enjoying themselves. An old-looking, white-haired man sitting drunkenly among the crowd was a drunken prefect.
Soon the sun set on the top of the mountain, and there were only a few people. The prefect went down the mountain to go home, and the guests followed behind. The trees were dense and shady, and birds were singing everywhere. The birds were happy when the tourists left. But birds only know the joy of mountains and forests, but they don't understand the joy of people. Tourists only know that they are happy to play with the governor, but they don't know that the governor is happy because of their happiness. The person who can rejoice with everyone when he is drunk and can write about this joy in articles after he sobers up is a prefect. Who is the governor? It's Ouyang Xiu from Luling.
2. Complete collection of high school classical Chinese
A collection of recited passages required for high school Chinese compulsory courses (1-5) in the new curriculum standards
General catalog:
New curriculum standards for high school students Compulsory textbook (1)
1. "Qinyuanchun? Changsha" 2. "Rain Alley" 3. "Farewell Cambridge" 4. "Zhu Zhiwu Retreats the Qin Master"
5. "Jing Ke assassinates the King of Qin" (paragraph 8) 6. "In memory of Liu Hezhenjun" (sections 2 and 4)
New curriculum standard high school People's Education Edition compulsory course (2)
1. "The Book of Songs"*2. "Li Sao" (excerpt)
3. Three poems ("Plucking Hibiscus across the River", "Dan Ge Xing" and "Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields" (Part 1))
4. "Preface to the Lanting Collection" 5. "Red Cliff Ode" 6. "Travel to Baochan Mountain" (paragraphs 2 and 3)
*7. "Moonlight over the Lotus Pond" 》 (Paragraphs 4, 5, 6) *8, "The Peacock Flies Southeast" (beginning to "Never Be Complete")
New Curriculum Standards High School People's Education Edition Compulsory Course (3)
1. "The Road to Shu is Difficult" 2. "Eight Poems of Autumn" (Part 1) 3. "Ode to Ancient Relics" (Part 3) 4. "Climbing High"
*5. "Pipa" "Xing" (preface) 6. "What I Do to the Country" 7. "Encouraging Learning" 8. "On Passing the Qin Dynasty" (paragraphs 3, 4, 5)
*9. "Jin Se" 》*10. "Mawei" (Part 2)*11. "Teacher's Talk"
New Curriculum Standard High School People's Education Edition Compulsory Course (4)
1. "Nian Nujiao? Chibi" "Nostalgia for the past" 2. "Define the storm? Don't listen to the sound of beating leaves through the forest" 3. "Water dragon chants? Climb the Jiankang Shangxin Pavilion"
4. "Everlasting happiness? Nostalgia for the past at Guting in Beigu Pavilion, Jingkou" 5 , "Drunk flowers and shadows? Thick mist and thick clouds, sorrow for everlasting day" 6. "Slow voice? Search, search, search"
7. "Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru" (last 5 paragraphs)
< p> *8. "Farewell at the Long Pavilion? Blue Sky" *9. "Looking at the Sea Tide? Southeast Formation" *10. "Rain and Bells? Chilling Cicadas and Sorrow"New Curriculum Standards High School People's Education Edition Compulsory Course (5 )
1. "Come back and come back" (preface) 2. "Preface to Prince Teng's Pavilion" (paragraphs 2 and 3) 3. "Chen Qing Biao"
*4 , "Xiaoyaoyou" (reading)
Jiangsu Education Edition High School Classical Chinese (Compulsory Course One - Compulsory Course Five) Complete Record
Compulsory Course One
(1) Persuasion Learning (Xunzi)
(2) Shishuo (Han Yu)
(3) Chibi Fu (Su Shi)
(4) Travel Notes on the Banquet in the Western Mountains ( Liu Zongyuan)
Compulsory Course 2
(5) Theory of the Six Kingdoms (Su Xun)
(6) Epang Palace Fu (Du Mu)
Compulsory Three
(7) Preface to the Guide (Wen Tianxiang)
(8) Tombstones of Five People (Zhang Pu)
(9) Zhuzhi "Zuo Zhuan" on the retreat of the Qin army by Wu
(10) Remonstrance to Emperor Taizong's Ten Thoughts (Wei Zheng)
(11) Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru (Sima Qian)
( 12) Hongmen Banquet (Sima Qian)
(13) Autumn Water (Zhuangzi)
(14) Fei Gong (Mozi)
Compulsory Four
p>(15) The Ji family will attack Zhuan Yu "The Analects"
(16) The role of the widow in the country "Mencius"
(17) Preface to the Pavilion of Prince Teng Combined Poems (Wang Bo)
(18) Autumn Sound Ode (Ouyang Xiu)
(19) Chen Qingbiao (Li Mi)
(20) Items Ji Xuan Zhi (Gui Youguang)
(21) Report to Ren Anshu (Sima Qian)
(22) Fisherman's "Chu Ci"
(23) Xiaoyaoyou (Zhuangzi)
(24) Preface to the Lanting Collection (Wang Xizhi) 3. Classical Chinese Ouyang Xiu's essays are selected from "Dongpo Zhilin"
Original text:
Sun Xinlao met Ouyang Wenzhonggong when he was just a few years old. He tried to ask him in writing and said: "I don't have any other skills. I just study hard and do a lot of it. I work on my own." People in the world suffer from the problem of few writings and laziness in reading. Every time they publish an article, they seek to be better than others. Such success is rare. You don’t have to wait for others to point out your flaws, you can see them by yourself if you do more. "This Duke tells people about his attempts, so it is particularly interesting. (Note 61 of Dongpo Zhilin Volume 1)
Notes:
(1) Qingsui: Past Year. According to this, "Qingsui" has two meanings, one is "recent years" and the other is "past years". Since Ouyang Xiu's posthumous title is mentioned in the article, he has passed away at this time, and "Qingsui" should refer to the past years ( 2) Ouyang Wenzhonggong: Ouyang Xiu, a litterateur in the Song Dynasty, was named Yongshu, also known as Liuyi Jushi. "Wenzhong" was his posthumous name. (3) Sun Xinlao: Sun Jue, also known as Xinlao (4). ) Chengjian: take advantage of. (5) work: exquisite, good. (6) suffer from: achieve. (8) criticize: find faults and mistakes.
Translation:
In the past, Mr. Sun Xin met Ouyang Xiu and once took the opportunity to ask him how to write a good article (literal translation: ask him for advice on writing articles).
Ouyang Xiu said: "There is no other way. If you study hard and write often, you will naturally write well. The shortcomings of the world are that they write too few articles and are too lazy to read. Every time they write an article, they want to surpass others. This way Very few can achieve the goal. You don’t need others to point out the shortcomings of the article. You can discover it yourself as long as you write more.” Mr. Ouyang Xiu tells others about his own experience, so it is particularly interesting.
Description:
Ouyang Xiu discussed the secrets of composition: first, study diligently, and second, write more. There is no other way. 4. What ancient texts did Ouyang Xiu write?
Ouyang Xiu’s achievements in literary creation are highest in prose.
Su Shi said when commenting on his article: "The discussion of the great road is like Han Yu, the discussion of the origin is like Lu Zhi, the chronicle is like Sima Qian, and the poetry is like Li Bai." However, although Ouyang Xiu always admired the profoundness, majesty and boundlessness of Korean literature, he did not follow suit.
Ouyang Xiu wrote more than 500 essays in his life, covering various genres, including political essays, historical essays, narrative essays, lyrical essays and notebooks, etc. Most of his prose is rich in content, powerful, easy to understand, concise and smooth, narrative and reasoning, melodious, lyrical and charming, and combines the strange with the ordinary, creating a new look in the literary world.
Many of his political works, such as "Basic Theory", "Original Malpractice", "Remonstrances of Senior High Commissioners", "On Clique", "New History of the Five Dynasties? Preface to the Biographies of Lingguan", etc., adhere to his own The propositions of "clear the way" and "implementation" are closely related to the political struggles at that time, pointing out the current ills, sharp thoughts, and clear language, showing a kind of embrace of rectifying the times and saving the world. He also wrote a lot of lyrical and narrative prose, most of which blended scenes and scenes in a variety of ways.
His "Preface to the Anthology of Poems on Interpretation of Secrets", "Essays on Sacrifice to Shi Manqing", "Preface to Su's Collected Works" and other articles mourn the deceased friends and recall the past, which are profound and touching; his "Feng" The works "The Story of the Pavilion" and "The Story of the Drunken Old Man's Pavilion" were written slowly, with euphemistic twists and turns, beautiful words and fresh style. In short, whether it is a satire on the world, a memorial to the past, or even a tour, they all fully reflect his calm, generous, frank and natural artistic personality.
Ouyang Xiu also pioneered the creation of notebooks in the Song Dynasty. His notebooks include "Guitian Lu", "Bi Shuo", "Testing Bi", etc.
The articles are eclectic, lively, interesting, and often able to describe details and characters. Among them, "Guitian Lu" records the imperial legacy, official system, social customs and interesting anecdotes of scholar-bureaucrats, and introduces his own writing experience, which is very valuable.
Ouyang Xiu also made great achievements in poetry creation. His poetry was mainly influenced by Han Yu in art.
"Lingxi Big Stone", "Shizhuan", "Purple Stone Screen Song" and other works imitate Han Yu's unique imaginary poetic style; other parts of the poems are melancholy and full of pen and ink, combining narrative, discussion and lyrical feelings. As a whole, the style is close to that of Du Fu, such as "Rereading the Collection of Cu Lai" and "Sending Du Qi Gong to Official Service"; the other part of the works is majestic and changeable, bold and bold, but close to Li Bai, such as "Liu Zhongyun returned to Nankang in the same year as a gift from Mount Lu". But most of the works mainly learn from Han Yu's "writing as poetry", that is, the characteristics of argumentation and prose culture.
Although he used natural and smooth poetic language to avoid the dangers and difficulties of Han Yu, there are still some poems that have too much reasoning and lack vivid images. As a result, some ancient-style poems appear not to be very poetic, but some modern-style poems use both metaphor and style, the scenes complement each other, and the meaning is meaningful.
In terms of content, some of his poems reflect the suffering of the people and expose the darkness of society, which has certain social significance. For example, in "Reply to Yang Zijing's Long Prayer for Rain", it describes the social reality that "the military state's fortune is full of urgent sparks" and "however, the people's houses are often empty"; in "Shizao Min", it is revealed that officials "drink official wine every day" It is an unreasonable phenomenon that people "spend winter and spring without rice porridge".
However, his purpose of writing these poems is very clear: "I collected poems for my admonishment because of the emperor's gift to spread his teachings", in order to persuade the ruling class to improve politics and maintain feudal order. . He also discussed current affairs and criticized corrupt politics in his poems, such as "A Letter from Scholar Zihua to Appease Jiangnan".
Others, such as "The Song of the Ming Concubine and Composed by Wang Jiefu" and "The Song of the Ming Concubine Zaihe", express the poet's sympathy for the fate of women and his condemnation of the fatuous rulers who have ruined the country. Most of them are lyrical works describing scenes, either fresh and beautiful, or plain and interesting, mostly expressing the poet's life feelings.
For example, in "Night Mooring on the Yellow River", "Thousands of trees are green, the Three Gorges are dark, and the moon is full of rivers, and a single ape mourns", and in "The West Lake in Spring sends a song of thanks to Fa Cao", "Thousands of mountains are green outside the snow disappearing door, Flowers bloom by the river and it is sunny in February", "The Thrush" "Hundreds of thousands of songs move at will, the mountain flowers are red and purple, the trees are high and low; I realized that listening to the locks in the golden cage is not as good as the free singing in the forest" and so on. Overall, his poetry styles are diverse.
Ouyang Xiu was not only good at composing poetry, but also had new ideas from time to time. His last work was Poetry Talk (because Poetry Talk evolved from a proper name to a literary style, later generations called it "Liuyi Poetry Talk"). , is the first poetic story in the history of Chinese literature. Later generations Guo Shaoyu said: "The name Shihua actually originated from Ouyang Xiu, that is, the style of Shihua can also be said to have been created by Ouyang" ("A Study of Song Shihua").
Ouyang Xiu's poetry changed the previous practice of discussing poetry that focused on Lu's comments, important patterns, practice, or ability. Commenting on poetry in a casual and friendly way has become a new form of poetry discussion. When he commented on poetry, although he did not abandon sculpture, he advocated returning it to nature.
In the "Preface to the Collection of Poems by Mei Shengyu", he put forward the argument that poetry "poor people come to work", developed the poetry theories of Du Fu and Bai Juyi, pointed out the direction for the development of Song poetry, and had a great influence on the times and times. It had a great influence on the poetry creation of later generations. Ouyang Xiu also occupied an important position in the poetry world of the early Song Dynasty.
He wrote many lyrics, most of which have similar content to "Flower Room". The main content is still love and lovesickness, parting emotions, drinking drunkenly and singing songs, cherishing spring and admiring flowers, etc. He is good at using fresh and sparse writing styles. Write a scene. The thirteen poems of "Picking Mulberries" depict the natural beauty of Yingzhou West Lake. They are written in a quiet, clear and emotional way, just like elegant landscape paintings.
Other words include "The apricot blossoms are red and the green hills are missing, and pedestrians rest on the mountainside" ("Jade House Spring"), "Visitors on the embankment chase painted boats, and take pictures of the spring water hanging from the embankment. The green poplar building is out. "Swing" ("Huanxisha"), "Pingshan railings lean against the clear sky, the mountains are colorful" ("Chaozhongcuo"), etc. are also good sentences for describing the scenery.
Because the author has a deep understanding of things, he seems to write randomly, but it is infinitely expressive. Without perfect skills, it is impossible to achieve this artistic realm. He focuses on lyrical lyrics, written in a melodious and lingering way, with deep feelings and close words. For example, the last two sentences of Shang Xia Qi in "Treading on the Shasha" "The sorrow of separation gradually becomes infinite, and the distance is like spring water." "Pedestrians are outside the spring mountains." Through the spring water and the spring mountains, I write about people from the eyes of the missing woman. The affection is profound and implicit, giving people a novel and unique feeling, and the feelings are also very deep.
He also has some words that, although dejected and grumbling, express his thoughts directly and show his magnanimous and optimistic side. There are also some erotic words, though. 5. The People's Education Press's Complete Collection of Classical Chinese Poems for Junior High Schools
The People's Education Press's Edition of the Complete Collection of Classical Chinese Translations for the Seventh Grade Volume 1 Unit 1 5. Childlike Interest (Shen Fu) Unit 2 10. Ten Essays from "The Analects" Unit 3 15. Five ancient poems: Viewing the Sea (Cao Cao) At the foot of Cibeigu Mountain (Wangwan) Spring Tour of Qiantang Lake (Bai Juyi) Moon over the Xijiang River (Xin Qiji) Pure Sand in the Sky·Autumn Thoughts (Ma Zhiyuan) Unit 4 20, *Shan City (Pu Songling) ) Fifth unit 25. Two poems about snow in Shishuoxinyu. Chen Taiqiu and Youqi. Unit 6 30. Zhongyong (Wang Anshi) Unit 2 10, Mulan Poems Unit 3 15, * Sun Quan’s encouragement to study "Zi Zhi Tong Jian" Unit 4 20, ventriloquism (Lin Sihuan) Unit 5 25, two short essays by Kua Fu Zhuri "The Classic of Mountains and Seas" "Two children debating "Liezi" Unit 6 30, *Wolf (Pu Songling) The complete collection of classical Chinese translations in the eighth grade volume of the People's Education Press Unit 5 21, The Story of the Peach Blossom Spring (Tao Yuanming) 22, Two short essays on humble house inscriptions (Liu Yuxi) Ailian Said (Zhou Dunyi) 23. The Story of the Nuclear Boat (Wei Xuezhen) 24. The Journey to the Great Road ("Book of Rites") 25. Three Du Fu Poems Looking at the Mountains in Spring Looking at the Stone Hao Officials Unit 6 26. The Three Gorges (Li Daoyuan) 27. Two Short Essays The chapter of thanks in the book of thanks (Tao Hongjing) records the night tour of Chengtian Temple (Su Shi) 28. Watching the tide (Zhou Mi) 29. Watching the snow in the pavilion in the center of the lake (Zhang Dai) 30. Four poems about returning to the garden and living in the fields (Tao Yuanming) Envoy to the fortress ( Wang Wei) Crossing the Jingmen Gate to Farewell (Li Bai) Climbing the Yellow Crane Tower, Volume 2, Volume 8, People's Education Press, Complete Classical Chinese Translations, Unit 5 21. Writing with Zhu Yuan (Wu Jun) 22. Biography of Mr. Wuliu (Tao Yuanming) 23. Ma Shuo (Han Yu) ) 24. Preface to the Presentation of Ma Sheng in Dongyang (Excerpt) (Song Lian) 25. Five Poems, Lyrics and Music to Reward Lotte at the First Meeting in Yangzhou (Liu Yuxi) Red Cliff (Du Mu) Crossing the Lingding Ocean (Wen Tianxiang) Shuidiao Ge Tou (When Will the Bright Moon Come? ) (Su Shi) Hillside Sheep·Tong Guan Gu (Zhang Yanghao) Unit 6 26. The Story of Xiaoshitan (Liu Zongyuan) 27. The Story of Yueyang Tower (Fan Zhongyan) 28. The Story of Drunkard Pavilion (Ouyang Xiu) 29. Travels in Manjing (Yuan Hongdao) 30. Five Poems on Drinking (Part 5) (Tao Yuanming) Difficulty Traveling (Part 1) (Li Bai) Song of Thatched Cottage Broken by Autumn Wind (Du Fu) Song of Bai Xue Sending Magistrate Wu Back to the Capital (Cen Shen) Miscellaneous Poems of Jihai (Gong Zizhen) People's Education Edition 9 The sixth unit of the complete collection of classical Chinese translations in the first volume of grade 21. Chen She’s family (Sima Qian) 22. Tang Ju fulfilled his mission (Liu Xiang) 23. Longzhong Dui (Chen Shou) 24. Departure as a teacher (Zhuge Liang) 25. Five poems looking to the south of the Yangtze River ( Wen Tingyun) Jiang Chengzi · Hunting in Mizhou (Su Shi) Fisherman's Ao (Fan Zhongyan) Po Zhenzi · Compose a poem for Chen Tongfu as a message (Xin Qiji) Wu Lingchun (Li Qingzhao) People's Education Press Ninth Grade Classical Chinese Translation Volume 2 Unit 5 Unit 17, Gongshu "Mozi" 18. "Mencius" Two Chapters: Those who gain the right will get many help, but those who lose the right will get little help. They are born in sorrow and die in peace and happiness. 19. Fish I Do What You Want "Mencius" 20. Two stories of "Zhuangzi" Huizi meets Liang Zhuangzi and Huizi swim in The sixth unit of Haoliang 21. Cao GUI's polemic "Zuo Zhuan" 22. Zou Ji satirized King Qi's acceptance of remonstrances "Warring States Policy" 23. Yu Gong Yishan "Liezi" 24. Two poems from "The Book of Songs" Guan Sui Jianjia.