Image refers to the method that writers and poets create various images with different aesthetic meanings according to their own life experience and aesthetic orientation when expressing their feelings. Creating images is a very important skill in poetry creation.
? The image of poetry usually refers to the natural image, that is, the image taken from nature and entrusted with feelings. The ancients believed that meaning was an internal abstract mind, just like an external concrete object; Meaning originates from the heart and is expressed through images, which are actually the sustenance of meaning.
In fact, China's traditional poetics refers to the artistic techniques of expressing feelings in scenery, borrowing scenery to express feelings and blending scenes. The process of poetry creation is a process of observation, feeling, brewing and expression, and a process of reappearing life.
Sometimes, social things recited in poetry, characters depicted, life scenes depicted, social life plots and historical facts laid out are also used to entrust feelings, which is also an image. That is, the social image relative to the object image and the natural image.
Image is a term used in analyzing poetry and prose, which refers to everything that constitutes artistic conception. This kind of thing often has the author's subjective feelings, and these images combine to form an artistic conception.
For example, in Ma Zhiyuan's "Qiu Si", in the sentence "Old vines and old trees faint crows, small bridges and flowing water people", the dead vines and old trees faint crows and small bridges and flowing water people are all images in the poem. When these images are combined together, they become a sad and sad artistic conception. Image is concrete, artistic conception is the combination of the overall environment and feelings composed of concrete things, and feelings are pinned on the scenery.
"It rains in the Qingming period, and pedestrians on the road want to break their souls. Where can I ask the restaurant? The shepherd boy pointed to Xinghua Village. " -Du Mu's Tomb-Sweeping Day
Qingming is a seven-character quatrain written by Du Mu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. It is a famous classic in China's ancient poetry. The poem describes the sad mood of the protagonist in the rainy season in Qingming Festival, and expresses the sad mood of homesickness in a foreign land.
The first sentence, "It rains in succession during the Qingming Festival", begins with the title, explaining the season and weather, and rendering the bleak atmosphere with the season and environment. During the Qingming Festival, there were many rains and chilly spring, which not only described the natural background, but also paved the way for the whole emotional tone, suggesting the poet's chilly physical feelings and complex psychological emotions.
The word "after rain" is the author's original image, which conveys the beautiful realm of "cold deceives flowers and traps smoke and willow". The spring rain is endless, as if dripping into the hearts of pedestrians on the road. People cry when they think of their lost relatives. "One after another" describes the artistic conception of spring rain, but it has a special function, actually describing the mood of pedestrians in the rain. This is very similar to the artistic conception of "looking and searching, cold and clear, sad and miserable" at the beginning of Li Qingzhao's "Sound Slow" in the Song Dynasty.
The second sentence "Pedestrians on the road want to die" closely follows the meaning of the first sentence, pointing out the protagonist's "pedestrian" status and the state on the road. The word "want to die" is the key to this article's "poetic eye" and understanding, especially highlighting the extremely sad mood. ?
Three or four sentences "Where is the restaurant? The shepherd boy pointed out Xinghua Village and revealed the psychological activity of relieving anxiety with wine by vivid question and answer. The shepherd boy's body movement language not only leads the author's and readers' eyes to the sad distance, but also echoes the topic and the beginning with the apricot blossom in full bloom in Qingming Festival. Qingming not only leaves room for imagination, but also secretly writes the poet's painful persistence and inescapable sadness.
Qingming drizzle, paths, pedestrians, restaurants, shepherd boys and apricot flowers are all images, which are organically combined. The whole poem combines the images of drizzle, pedestrians, shepherds, restaurants and Xinghua Village in the form of sketches, depicting a natural and sad picture, which is light and elegant, smart and beautiful, and profound in emotion. It constitutes a cold and sad picture and creates a sad and lonely atmosphere!
The poem Qingming focuses on the word "broken soul". Qingming is the season to sweep graves and worship ancestors. This season has its own sad atmosphere, the sky is gloomy and the spring rain is continuous, which makes people feel depressed and sad.
The ancients said, "Du Kang is the only solution". The protagonist is traveling alone in a foreign land, eager to find a hotel in endless sorrow. At this time, a shepherd boy came not far away and asked ... The hotel is there, deep in the apricot forest. Isn't this "but since the water is still flowing, although we cut it with the sword, the sadness is back, although we drowned them with wine"? It expresses the hero's infinite sadness, trying to solve the problem, and the strong personal depression, frustration and sadness can't be solved, which is a true portrayal of the decline of the late Tang Dynasty.
This seven-character quatrain, without any difficult words or allusions, is an easy-to-understand language without any traces of management and finesse. The syllables are very harmonious and complete, the scene is very fresh and vivid, and the realm is beautiful. It's really a swan song!
Teacher Yu Deming's teaching:
I chose this theme to let you know how images come from China's ancient poems. For example, when did the image of this rain begin to exist? So what does it stand for? It should be said that there are many things to write in Qingming, but why did you choose a rain? And it's raining lightly. What kind of emotions are involved in this? What kind of feelings do you want to express? After reading this, you should be able to open the door to ancient poetry.