(1) Refineability;
(2) richness;
(3) creativity;
(4) flexibility. Rhythm is an indispensable part of poetry, especially China's classical poetry. The following aspects are worth noting in Du Fu's poems:
(1) The art of rhyme in Du Fu's poems. As far as rhyme forms are concerned, Du Fu's poems mainly include even rhyme, accompanying rhyme, alliteration and in-line rhyme. There are several characteristics of Du Fu's poems, such as feeling with rhyme, flattening with rhyme and playing with rhyme.
(2) The dual art of Du Fu's poems. The antithesis of Du Fu's poems includes weather, geography, food, clothes, housing, art, personnel, animals and plants, proper names, place names, numerals, dry words, color words, synonyms and antonyms, and function words. Among them, the antithesis of time and space, the antithesis of color words and the equivalence of numerals show profound contents, which can best reflect the characteristics of Du Fu's antithesis. In style, Du Fu's poems are characterized by flowing water, proper sentences and correct borrowing. There are still some variations in the DuDu confrontation.
(3) The double rhyme art of Du Fu's poems. Among the classical poets, Du Fu is the poet who uses double phonology the most and best. Du Fu's double-syllable rhyme is used flexibly in poetry, some at the beginning, middle or end of a sentence, and some at the same time. There are a lot of disyllabic words in Du Fu's poems, which have strong artistic expression, such as: 1, which is helpful to portray the characteristics of things vividly; 2. It helps to deepen the poet's thoughts and feelings.
(4) Du Fu's art of overlapping sounds. As far as types are concerned, reduplication words in Du Fu's poems include noun reduplication, adjective reduplication, adverb reduplication, quantifier reduplication and onomatopoeia reduplication. In terms of artistic function, the use of reduplicated words helps to form the beauty of imagery and melody in poetry. In addition, the use of reduplicated words in Du Fu's poems with five or seven words also has its own characteristics.
(5) Du Fu's Writing Art Du Fu's writing style is an important phenomenon in China's poetry discipline, which has not accumulated much and lacks a unified view. In terms of category and quantity, the author thinks that there can be broad sense and narrow sense. Among Du Fu's poems, there are 50 in a broad sense and 38 in a narrow sense. The main reasons for Du Fu's clumsiness are 1 and the irreplaceability of written expression. 2. Compromise on other means to increase the musical beauty of poetry; 3. Intentionally "awkward" and pursuing the beauty of strangeness. The characteristics of Du Fu's seven methods of "pride" are: 1, and the position of "pride" tends to be; 2. Some sticky sentences conform to the law of "right". Vocabulary is the building material of language and occupies a very important position in language expression. Many words in Du Fu's poems are extremely refined and play an important role in expressing poetic emotion.
(1) The art of using verbs in Du Fu's poems: A comparative analysis of the use of verbs in Du Fu's poems in the whole context of Tang poetry shows that some verbs in Du Fu's poems are creative, such as "stumble", "tangle" and "stumble". Its main value in Du Fu's poems lies in the metaphor and extension of its original meaning or basic meaning, which makes the originally plain things more vivid and the poems more appealing. For some verbs with narrow original meaning or basic meaning but rich characteristics, such as the word "Lao", Du Fu often uses their original meaning to express his own characteristics in more cases.
(2) The application art of Du Shi's empty words. Function words such as adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, modal particles and exclamation points are widely used in Du Fu's poems. These function words play an important role in the expression of poetic ideas and art, especially in antithesis, which helps to correctly understand the meaning of function words and render some feelings, while continuous use is conducive to reflecting the poet's perception order of the external space-time structure.
(3) The art of using place names in Du Fu's poems. The main ways of place names in Du Fu's poems are: 1, which appears directly in the form of titles; 2. The form of some titles; 3. Appear in the text as an individual; 4. Appear in the text in the corresponding form. The artistic functions of these place names are: 1, which truly records the poet's life experience; 2. Truly recorded some historical events at that time; 3. Express the feelings of missing and attachment through the antithesis of two place names; 4. Broaden the use of place names and enhance the grandeur of poetry; 5. Use the ancient domain name to make the poem have desolate artistic conception and vigorous momentum.
(4) The art of using spoken language in Du Fu's poems. Some spoken words in Du Fu's poems are original or original. The use of spoken words in Du Fu's poems has brought the main artistic effects of "truth" and "novelty". "Truth" refers to truth and affection. The truth of the event means that Du Fu directly described the characteristics of the event with the words at that time. True feelings mainly refer to Du Fu's poems expressing the helplessness of the people at the bottom of society, the simple feelings between friends and the relaxed feeling brought by some things in life through spoken words. "New" means that Du Fu also endowed the spoken words with novel charm, thus achieving unique effects.
(5) The art of using color words in Du Fu's poems. The application of color words in Du Fu's poems deserves attention in the following aspects: 1, and the grammatical function of color words in Du Fu's poems. It shows that: (1) is used as an adjective and as an attribute in a sentence; (2) Used as an adjective or verb and as a predicate in a sentence; (3) live as a noun and live as a subject in a sentence. 2. The juxtaposition of color words in Du Fu's poems includes juxtaposition of adjacent colors and juxtaposition of complementary colors. 3. Color words in Du Fu's poems play an extremely obvious role in expressing emotions, and different colors often express different emotions. As a poet, Du Fu attached great importance to and was very good at casting sentences. He not only follows the general habits and constructs standard sentences, but also often breaks through the routine, strives for change in the middle and is determined to innovate. His sentence structure is rich and varied, which is rarely compared with other poets of his time before.
(1) The syntactic art of Du Fu's poems. The syntax in Du Fu's poems varies according to the difference between five words and seven words. The syntax of five-character poems is "221", "23", "41", "212", "113", "131", "14" and "32". The syntax of seven-character poems is forty-three, four hundred and twenty-one, four hundred and twelve, fifty-two, twenty-five, thirty-four and sixteen. On the one hand, the choice of different sentence patterns in Du Fu's poems is the need to express feelings, on the other hand, it is also the inevitable result of the poet's special artistic pursuit.
(2) The art of using dislocated sentences in Du Fu's poems. Dislocation is an extremely important phenomenon in Du Fu's poems and even Tang poems, and it is also a key issue related to whether we can understand Du Fu's poems and even Tang poems. The dislocated sentences in Du Fu's poems mainly include verb inversion, predicate-object inversion, attribute inversion, adverbial inversion, partial predicate inversion, object attribute inversion, cross dislocation and so on. Du Fu used misplaced sentences for the following reasons: 1 to meet the needs of prosodic rules; 2. It is necessary to highlight the semantic center of gravity; 3. Conform to the cognitive order; 4. Adapt to the needs of poetic language construction.
(3) The art of ellipsis in Du Fu's poems. The use of ellipsis in Du Fu's poems is mainly manifested in noun words, relative words, coordinate words and ellipsis verbs, modal particles and conjunctions. The use of these ellipsis sentences improves the density and intuition of images, and increases the refining and suggestive effect of poetic language.
(4) The art of using concise sentences in Du Fu's poems. The condensed sentences in Du Fu's poems mainly show the internal relations such as causality, acceptance, purpose, concession, hypothesis, juxtaposition, choice and question and answer. These condensed sentences help to express the poet's keen and meticulous observation, increase the conciseness of poetry and stimulate the reader's imagination.
(5) The art of using conjunctions in Du Fu's poems. Coherent sentences show many different styles in Du Fu's poems, which play an important role in ensuring the integrity of meaning expression, effectively turning prose sentences into poems and effectively highlighting key points.
(6) Several other sentence patterns in Du Fu's poems. There are several sentence patterns in Du Fu's poems that deserve attention, including: 1, special compound sentence, 2, special predicate-object sentence, 3, special judgment sentence. The use of many figures of speech in Du Fu's poems is more distinctive and artistic than other poets.
(A) Du Fu's art of using allusions. From a practical point of view, the allusions in Du Fu's poems can be analyzed as follows: 1. From the relationship between allusions and reality, there are two kinds of allusions: positive allusions and negative allusions; 2. From the perspective of the influence of allusions, there are two kinds of allusions: whole allusions and local allusions. 3. From the source of allusions, there are two kinds of allusions: event allusions and language allusions. Its practical significance is mainly reflected in the following aspects: 1, satirizing the current politics at that time with allusions; 2. Use allusions to express your feelings; 3. Evaluate the advantages of others with allusions; 4. Borrow allusions to effectively avoid potential dangers.
(2) The comparative art of Du Fu's poems. The main feature of conventional contrast in Du Fu's poems is that the characteristics of both sides of the contrast are more distinct by means of metaphor, exaggeration, allusion and metonymy. Unconventional proportion draws a certain same result through comparison, which leads readers to think deeply and is more conducive to revealing the essence of things. The ideological connotations of Du Fu's poetry contrast are: 1, attacking social ugliness; 2. Representing the changes of the times; 3. Detonate your own tragic fate; 4. Highlight the distinctive features of things.
(3) The metonymic art of Du Fu's poems. Metonymy in Du Fu's poems is mainly manifested in three types: figurative metonymy, emotional metonymy and pure metonymy. Du Fu's metonymy also has a strong cultural background. There are several figures of speech worthy of attention in Du Fu's poems: 1, intertextuality, which is the most commonly used in Du Fu's poems. 2. Puns. There are homophonic puns and semantic puns in Du Fu's poems. 3. Personification. Du Fu's poems mainly use some expressive adverbs or some verbs or adjectives that can express the unique feelings, cognition and emotions of human beings. 4. Truth, what is really distinctive in Du Fu's poetry is the truth in the sentence. As the basis of literary style, language style plays a vital role in the formation of poetic artistic style. Grasping the language style of Du Fu's poems will greatly affect people's understanding of Du Fu's artistic style and even all aspects of Du Fu's poems.
(1) The overall characteristics of Du Fu's poetic style. From the perspective of * *, the language style of Du Fu's poems mainly embodies the following two characteristics: 1, gentle and unrestrained style, simple and rich style, subtle and lively style, simple and gorgeous style, humorous style and solemn style. They formed organic opposition and unity in Du Fu's poems. 2. The choice of language style is consistent with different expressions and communication objects.
(2) The simple style of Du Fu's poems. The concise style of Du Fu's poems is mainly reflected in the following aspects: 1, lexical expression means. Including: (1) choose the words that can best express the characteristics of things; (2) Use general idioms; (3) Proper use of function words. 2. Grammatical expression. Including: (1) using simple sentences; (2) The use of abbreviations and ellipsis. 3. Rhetorical expression. There are mainly metaphors, personification and contrast.
(3) The simple style of Du Fu's poems. The simple style of Du Fu's poems mainly includes: 1, plain words. Including: (1) the use of spoken words; (2) the use of basic vocabulary; (3) Use fewer modifiers. 2. The sentence pattern is very common. The meaning of the words is clear. 4. Use fewer figures of speech. The simple style of Du Fu's poems is embodied in the following works: 1, the theme of expressing affection; 2. Describe the theme of rural scenery; 3. Describe the theme of life trivia.
(4) The implicit style of Du Fu's poems. The language means used to embody the implicit style in Du Fu's poems mainly include the following aspects: 1, using words with rich color meanings; 2. Use non-declarative sentences with strong feelings; 3. Use figures of speech such as metaphor, metonymy and allusions.
(5) The humorous style of Du Fu's poems. The humorous styles in Du Fu's poems mainly include: 1, and the word "drama" appears in the title, thus setting the tone for the language style of the full text; 2. Use words with obvious humor; 3. Use figures of speech that can reflect humorous style. The functions of humorous language in Du Fu's poems mainly include the following aspects: 1, satirizing and admonishing ugly things and phenomena in real life; 2. Show the optimism of the author; 3. Enhance the fun of work.