Looking at Spring
Author: Du Fu
though a country be sundered, hills and rivers endure, and spring comes green again to trees and grasses.
where petals have been shed like tears, and lonely birds have sung their grief.
after the war-fires of three months, one message from home is worth a ton of gold.
I stroke my white hair. It has grown too thin, to hold the hairpins any more.
though a country be sundered, hills and rivers endure, and spring comes green again to trees and grasses.
Chang' an fell, the country was broken, and only mountains and rivers still exist; Spring has come, Chang 'an is empty and sparsely populated, with dense and deep vegetation. The first couplet focuses on the big picture and is a tragic pen. A word "broken" makes people stunned, and a word "deep" makes people sad. The laws of nature will not change because of the changes of the times. The contrast between the present personnel and the eternal time and space makes the poet feel more desolate and lonely inside, so that all he sees is mountains and rivers, vegetation and an empty outline. Sima Guang's "Wen Gong Continued Poems" said: "There are mountains and rivers, and there is nothing left in the Ming Dynasty; The vegetation is deep, and there is no one in the Ming Dynasty. " This couplet is a description of the scenery, but it is actually lyrical, with feelings attached to things and feelings attached to the scenery. In the Ming Dynasty, Hu Zhenheng praised this couplet in Tang Yin Gui Qian: "Duality is not refined, but it changes vertically and horizontally, and the more stereotyped it is, the more subtle it is, the more subtle it is, and the more ingenious it is."
where petals have been shed like tears, and lonely birds have sung their grief.
Being sentimental about state affairs, I can't help crying when facing the flowers, and my relatives are separated, and the birds are thrilling, which increases my resentment. Zhuan Lian started from a small place, and the emotion was born because of the scene, and the scene moved with the emotion. There are two interpretations of its meaning: First, it is a comparative writing, and the poet is sad for the broken country and the departure of his loved ones, so when he sees the flowers, he cries bitterly and feels frightened when he hears the birds singing. On the other hand, it is anthropomorphic with flowers and birds, which makes the flowers cry and the birds feel shocked. Both theories can be used to show that the poet feels deeply about the time and hates parting. The wonderful metaphor is really rare. Sima Guang commented in Wen Gong's Continued Poems: "It is more valuable than words, which makes people think."
after the war-fires of three months, one message from home is worth a ton of gold.
The continuous war has been going on for more than half a year, and news from home is rare. A letter is worth ten thousand taels of gold. The first sentence on the neck joint says that the war is long, and the next sentence says that the news is isolated. Although I was talking about myself, I accurately summed up the empathy of my loved ones in the war and expressed the human nature, which later became a common language to express people's hope for a letter from home in the chaos. The fifth poem of Yu Dafu's "Gift": "A piece of paper, one message from home is worth a ton of gold, Shaoling, is deeply touching." "March in a row", from the Anshi Rebellion in November in the 14th year of Tianbao (755) to the writing of "Spring Hope", happened to be two March, so it was called "March in a row".
I stroke my white hair. It has grown too thin, to hold the hairpins any more.
When I am entangled in sadness, I scratch my head and think. The more I scratch my white hair, the shorter my hair falls off. It's so short and few that I can hardly insert it. The former couplet wrote about worrying about the country and the family. This couplet wrote about the deep sorrow and the miserable situation. "Whitehead" is born of sorrow, and "scratching" means scratching, which means being upset. "Shorter", the degree of worry is getting deeper and deeper. In addition to the country's ruin and death, it is sad to sigh and age, which adds a layer of sadness. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Wang Siyuan's Du Yi said: "If you drop a sentence, you can think about saving the world and hurt yourself." "Hun desire", it is simply necessary. "hairpin", a long needle used by the ancients to fix a bun or crown, later specifically refers to women's jewelry with a bun.