Poetry is a literary genre with emotion as the main body. It reflects social life in a lyrical way, is highly concise and concentrated, and expresses thoughts and feelings in the form of rich imagination, rhythmic language and line arrangement. Poetry is a rhythmic, rhythmic and emotional language art form, and also the oldest and most basic literary form in the world. Poetry originated from ancient social life, which is a rhythmic and emotional language form due to labor production, sex and primitive religion. "Shangshu Yu Shu": "Poetry expresses ambition, song expresses Tao, sound is eternal, law and harmony." "Rites and Music": "Poetry expresses ambition; Song, chanting its voice; Dance, move its capacity; The three are based on the heart, and then the instrument follows it. " In the early days, poetry, song, music and dance were integrated. Poetry is the lyrics, which are always sung with music and dance in actual performances. Later, poetry, song, music and dance developed independently and became independent adults. Poems and songs are collectively called poems.
[Edit this paragraph] Overview of poetic style
The classification of poetic style is a complicated problem. Now just from a general point of view, simply talk about the poetic style of the Han, Wei, Six Dynasties, Tang and Song Dynasties.
Poems of the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties are generally called archaic poems, including ancient poems of Yuefu in the Han and Wei Dynasties, folk songs of Yuefu in the Southern and Northern Dynasties and literati poems in this period. Yuefu was originally the name of the official office. Yuefu songs are collected by Yuefu organs and sung with music scores. "Wen Xin Diao Long Yuefu" says: "Where Le Yan is a poem, it sounds like a song." From this, we can see the relationship between the three concepts of poetry, song and Yuefu: poetry refers to the lyrics made by poets, song refers to the music that matches poetry, and Yuefu refers to both. Later, the works written by copying the old theme of Yuefu or imitating Yuefu genre were also called Yuefu, although there was no soundtrack. In the middle Tang Dynasty, Bai Juyi and others started the new Yuefu movement, created new themes and wrote current events, so it was called the new Yuefu.
From the metrical point of view, the poetic style after the Tang Dynasty can be roughly divided into two categories: modern poetry and ancient poetry. Modern poetry, also known as modern poetry, has certain meter. Classical poetry, also called archaic style, is written according to the practice of ancient poetry, and its form is relatively free, and it is not bound by metrical rules.
Judging from the number of words in poetry, there are four-character poems, five-character poems and seven-character poems. Four words are four words, five words are five words and seven words are seven words. After the Tang Dynasty, there were few four-character poems, so they were usually divided into five-character poems and seven-character poems. Five-character ancient poems are referred to as five ancient poems for short; Seven-character ancient poems are referred to as seven ancient poems; The use of three, five and seven characters at the same time is generally considered as seven ancient characters. Five-character rhythmic poems are referred to as five laws for short, and are limited to eight sentences and forty words; Seven-character metrical poems are abbreviated as seven laws, and are limited to eight sentences and fifty-six words. More than eight sentences are called long method, which is also called exclusive method. The long method is generally a five-character poem. Only four sentences are called quatrains; Five lines * * 20 words, seven lines * * 28 words. There are two kinds of quatrains: absolute and ancient. The law should be restricted by Pingqimi, and the ancient law should not be restricted by Pingqimi. The ancient absolutely is generally limited to the five absolutely.
1953 used the name "Modern Poetry Society" for the first time-it was established when Ji Xian founded the "Modern Poetry Society". The significance of modern poetry;
1. The form is free.
2. The connotation is open.
3. Image management is more important than rhetoric.
Comparison between "classical poetry" and "modern poetry": poets are all formed by feeling things and are the reflection of their hearts. "Classical Poetry" expresses tenderness, tenderness, sadness and no resentment with the poetic view of "thinking innocently", emphasizing "between solvable and unsolvable". "Modern poetry" emphasizes the spirit of freedom and openness, and communicates "between the sensible and the intangible" with straightforward situational statements.
[Edit this paragraph] Poetry mainly has the following parts:
(A) the origin of poetry
Poetry is the oldest and most literary style. Labor songs and folk songs, which originated from ancient people, were originally the floorboard of poems and songs. At first, there was no distinction between poetry and song, but poetry and music and dance were combined into one, collectively called poetry. China's poems have a long history and rich heritage, such as The Book of Songs, Songs of the South, Han Yuefu and the works of countless poets. Poetry in Western Europe was written by Homer and Sappho in ancient Greece and Virgil and Horace in ancient Rome.
How did poetry come into being? It turns out that before the formation of literature, our ancestors compiled rhymes in order to pass on the experience in the production struggle to others or the next generation for memory and dissemination. According to Mr Wen Yiduo's textual research, [poem] and [ambition] are originally the same word, and [ambition] belongs to [scholar] and [heart], which shows that what stops in the heart is actually memory. After the writing came into being, with the help of literature, there is no need for rote learning. At this time, all written records are called records. Desire is poetry. Have ambition in your heart and speak like a poem.
How did the title of the song come from? Poetry and songs are not the same thing Songs are produced by human labor at the same time, long before the formation of literature and long before poetry. At first, we only used sighs to express our feelings, such as ah, xi, oh, alas, and so on. At that time, these words were all pronounced with the same pronunciation: "ah". Song is a pictophonetic character, pronounced with "ke". In ancient times, "Song" and "Ah" were the same word, and the "Ah" people uttered in their work was called "Song". Therefore, the title of the song has been used.
Since poetry and song are not the same thing, why did they later be linked together and called [Poetry]? As long as we understand their relationship. At first, Song only used simple interjections to express emotions. With the appearance of language, people's understanding of objective things has gradually deepened and their emotions have become richer, so it is far from enough to express them with a few exclamations. So content words are added to the song to meet the needs. After the appearance of words, the combination of poetry and songs went further, and lyrics written in words appeared. At this time, a song includes two parts: one is music and the other is lyrics. Music is lyrical, and the lyrics are poetic and memorable. In other words, poetry is a song with music and a poem without music. The original poem can be sung with music. Songs are poems, and poems are songs. The combination of poems and songs has been discussed for a long time in China ancient books.
Preface to Mao's poems: "Heart is ambition, words are poetry." Emotions move in the heart and form in words. If words are not enough, lament. If there are not enough words, recite them. If there are not enough songs, I don't know how to dance. "Shangshu": "Poetry expresses ambition, but songs are silent", which vividly points out the internal relationship between poetry and songs. Because of this situation, people later called poetry and song "poetry" side by side. At present, poetry has become synonymous with poetry.