Li Qingzhao wrote a famous sentence with this sentence, "Life is an outstanding person, and death is also a ghost."
Nine songs of national mourning
Nine songs, national mourning [ɡuó shānɡ]
Time: Pre-Qin Dynasty
Author: Qu Yuan
Title: Nine National Mourning Songs
Content: Original text:
Fuck Angkor, put on rhinoceros armour, the car is in the wrong hub, and the soldiers are short.
Enemy, the flag is like a dark cloud and the arrow is on the string.
He violated my position and trampled on my team. My left relative died and my right relative was stabbed.
Bury two rounds, trip four horses, and beat drums with jade mallets.
Then I will be furious, kill vilen mercilessly and abandon him.
No return, no return, the plain is hazy and the road is very remote.
Wearing a long sword, holding a strong crossbow, leaving your head, Zhuang Xin will not change.
Brave and fearless, you are the most. You will stick to your post until you die.
The body is dead, the spirit is spirit, and the soul is a ghost.
Reference translation of national mourning
Holding a eldest brother in his hand, wearing armor,
The chariot wheels are staggered and hand-to-hand combat.
The flag covers the sun, and there are so many enemy soldiers.
The arrows and rain fell alternately and the soldiers rushed forward.
The enemy invaded our position and trampled on our formation.
The left horse died and the right horse was injured again.
The chariot was trapped for two rounds and the horse was tied.
The soldiers raised their drumsticks, and the drums were deafening.
God hates it, too The gods are angry.
The soldiers were all killed and the bodies were abandoned in the wasteland.
Heroes, go here and never give it back to me.
Yuan Yekong. It's a long way to go, Xiu Yuan.
Wearing a long sword and holding a A Qin bow,
The head has been separated, and loyalty will never change.
Soldiers are brave and the force is fierce.
Strong and consistent, morale is inviolable.
Although the soldiers are dead, their spirit will live on forever.
Your soul is there. You are called a hero among ghosts and gods.
Analysis:
"National Mourning" is one of the nine songs written by Qu Yuan to offer sacrifices to ghosts and gods. It is about mourning and praising the heroic soul of Chu Bing who died for his country.
This music song is divided into two parts. Firstly, it describes the heroic scene of Chu soldiers fighting hand-to-hand with the enemy, and then mourns their lofty ambition of dying for their country. As can be seen from the first section, the sun is covered and the enemy is like a cloud. This is a life-and-death battle. When the enemy came menacingly and rushed into the battle formation of the Chu army, the soldiers of the Chu army still fought bravely for the first place when they wanted to move forward. However, a main battle vehicle rushed out of the battle. This original four-horse cart, although the Hummer on the left has been shot to death and the Hummer on the right has been chopped, its owner, Commander-in-Chief of Chu Army, is still fearless. He buried the two wheels of the chariot in the soil, locked the reins in the cage, but raised the mallet to beat the marching drums. At that time, the fighting spirit killed Xiao, which led to the anger of Heaven following Wei. When the murderous look is exhausted, there are only bodies left on the battlefield, lying in the wilderness.
The author has a high ability to describe the scene and render the atmosphere. However, in ten sentences, a life-and-death battle is vividly written and extremely infectious. In their bones, they eulogized the dead soldiers with emotional strokes. I feel that since they put on armor one day, they never want to get away with it again. At this moment, they lay there peacefully and without regret, clutching their weapons. He could hardly contain his emotions. He is full of love for these soldiers, just as he often refers to beautiful people with beautiful herbs. In this article, he also decorated his characters with all beautiful things. These brave soldiers are famous for their sharp bows made in Wu and powerful bows made in Qin. They are wearing rhinoceros leather armor and holding drumsticks embedded with jade. They are outstanding people in life, but they die ghosts and heroes. The name of England will live forever.
According to the existing historical data, we can't point out the specific time and place of the war and who is the hostile party. However, on that day, Chu was always threatened by Qin, the most powerful of the seven countries. Since Chu Huaiwang came to power, there have been several large-scale wars between Chu and Qiang Qin, most of which were Chu's patriotic war against Qin Jun's invasion. From this basic historical fact, it is probably no problem to say that this article is about the Chu army's resistance to Qiang Qin's invasion. In this description, the author's passion for the motherland is vividly expressed.
After the demise of Chu, there was a saying in Chu: "Although there are three Chu schools, Qin will die." In this work, Qu Yuan mourns the fallen soldiers, but at the same time vaguely expresses his desire to avenge the national humiliation and his belief in the victory of the just cause. In this sense, his thoughts are closely related to the Chu people. As the first great poet of the Chinese nation who made contributions to mankind, what he wrote was not just a little personal sadness and joy, but was framed, rejected and even exiled in Yuanxiang. ? Suffering; What he dedicated to people was his almost paranoid patriotism. He is the throat of the Chu people, and his national mourning, including a series of other works, expresses the patriotic aspirations of the Chu people.
This article is somewhat different from the author's other works in artistic expression, and even different from other music songs in Nine Songs. It is not a gorgeous chapter with rich imagination. However, its "extremes meet opposites" (Qu Zhu by Dai Zhen), with deep and fiery emotions, conveys the beauty of loftiness and masculinity consistent with those reflected, which is unique in Chu Ci works and makes people feel strong when reading it.
Brief introduction of the author
Qu Yuan (about 339 BC ~ 278 BC). During the Warring States Period, he was a poet and politician of Chu State, the founder and representative author of Songs of Chu. In this century, he was selected as a world cultural celebrity and widely commemorated. According to Liu Xiang and Liu Xin's collation and Wang Yi's annotation, there are 25 works of Qu Yuan, namely Li Sao 1, Tian Wen 1, Jiu Ge1,Nine Chapters 9 and Travel Far. According to Sima Qian in Biography of Qu Yuan in Historical Records, there are 1 evocation. Some scholars believe that Zhao Da is also the work of Qu Yuan. However, some people suspect that the chapters behind Journey and some chapters in Nine Chapters were not written by Qu Yuan. In terms of language form, Qu Yuan's works have broken through the four-sentence pattern in The Book of Songs, with each sentence ranging from five, six, seven, eight and nine characters, as well as three sentences and cross sentences. Grammar is uneven and flexible. The word "Xi" and function words such as "Zhi", "Yu", "Hu" and "Er" are often used at the end of sentences to coordinate syllables and produce cadence, singing and sighing effects. In a word, his works are very creative from content to form.
Yu Youren's last poem "National Mourning"
Bury me in the mountains,
Look at my continent;
The mainland is gone,
Only crying.
Bury me in the mountains,
Look at my hometown;
My hometown is gone,
Never forget.
The sky is gray,
The sea is vast,
Shan Ye,
The whole country mourned.
Yu Youren's famous patriotic poem "Looking at the Mainland" (also known as "National Mourning") was published after Mr.1964165438+10/0 died in Taipei. Mr. Yu Youren, who lived in Taiwan Province Province in his later years, was very eager to return to his roots, but he didn't get it. 1962 65438+1October 12 He wrote in his diary: "After a hundred years, I would like to bury the wooded heights in Yushan or Alishan. People with high mountains and big trees can always look at the mainland. My hometown is Chinese mainland ". Soon after, Mr. Yu Youren wrote a poem "Looking at the Mainland" from196265438+1October 24th, with sincere and depressed feelings.
This is an elegy written by him to miss his hometown in mainland China, in which homesickness and homesickness are beyond words, and it is a swan song that touches the deep soul of the descendants of the Yellow Emperor.
1949, Yu Youren was taken to Taiwan Province province, but his wife and son stayed on the mainland, living far apart. Therefore, his "looking to the mainland" is not a general feeling of home and country, but a deep-rooted pain of life experience. The reunification of the motherland is the poet's lifelong pursuit.
Reading this poem gives people a deep sadness and patriotism. Due to well-known reasons, Yu Xiansheng lived in Taiwan Province Province for a long time and could not return to Sang Zi. However, the waves in the Strait kept separating, which could not stop him from looking at the mainland, missing his hometown and missing his loved ones.
The first two verses of the poem use the method of composition and steps, and are sung repeatedly, expressing deep yearning and attachment to the mainland and hometown, which is a strong expression of the poet's true feelings. Bai Juyi, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, said: "Those who touch people's hearts don't put feelings first." It is this sincere and strong emotion and unforgettable thought that gives readers a strong shock and causes readers' feelings and thoughts. The first two sentences of the last paragraph of the poem borrowed two sentences from the northern folk song "Song of Yuefu", with overlapping words and vivid images! The last two sentences are "Shan Ye, there is national mourning!" The meaning is pun, rich. "Mourning the nation" comes from Qu Yuan's Chu Ci "Nine Songs". Nine Songs is a set of poems written by Qu Yuan during his exile, imitating the sacrificial songs of Southern Chu, and National Mourning is one of them, which is an elegy to mourn the soldiers. The so-called "mourning" and "Xiao Er Ya" said: "Ghosts have no owners, for mourning." The poet skillfully used "national mourning" to express his regret that he could not be buried in the mainland and returned to his hometown after his death. The ancients said, "When a bird flies back to its hometown, the fox dies first." Animals are like this, how can people be inferior? Man-made obstruction has separated relatives and separated flesh and blood. You can't go back to your hometown after death, and there is no peace. How can you read it without tears? With the help of these two poems, the poet expressed the feelings of many people who have the same experience as the poet: what they are haunting is the reunification of the motherland! Mr. Wang did not see the reunification of the motherland before his death. After his death, he was buried in Gaogang and looked to the mainland. How disappointing!
Now, Hongkong and Macau have returned to China, and we are looking forward to Taiwan Province Province, which has been blocked for half a century, returning to her mother's arms as soon as possible! I believe that a unified, prosperous and powerful China will soon stand in the east of the world! At this point, Mr. Yu Youren died laughing! Yu Youren's deathbed mystery
1In mid-August, 964, Yu Youren was hospitalized due to illness. One day in September, Yang Lianggong, an old subordinate of Yu Youren, visited him in Taipei Veterans General Hospital. Yu Youren was very happy, but because of his serious illness and sore throat, he couldn't say anything he wanted to say. Yang Lianggong then took his hand and asked, "What can the Dean say to me?" Yu Youren thought for a moment and held out a finger. Yang Lianggong doesn't know what this means. After a while, Yu Youren held out three fingers to Yang Lianggong. Yang Lianggong guessed several answers, but Yu Youren shook his head and denied it. Yang Lianggong had to say, "Dean, when you are better, I'll ask you what you just said, okay?" Yu Youren nodded his head. Since then, Yu Youren's illness is getting worse every day, and he is in a coma. 1964165438+1October 10 at 8: 08 pm, Yu Youren died at the age of 86. He didn't leave any last words, so people regard his poems on the mainland as his will. The body was buried in Guanyin Mountain, the highest mountain in Taipei, and a bronze statue facing the mainland was erected at the top of Yushan Mountain (the highest peak in southeast China) at an altitude of 3,997 meters. Yushan Mountain is steep, and the 4-meter-high bronze statue and building materials are carried bit by bit by members of Taiwan Province Mountaineering Association. Yu Youren finally realized his wish to climb high and overlook his native land.
The meaning of one finger and three fingers has always been a mystery. Later, Lu Keng, an old journalist, thought that Yu Youren's "one finger and three fingers" should be understood as follows: China will be reunified in the future, and his coffin will be shipped back to the mainland and buried in his hometown of Sanyuan County, Shaanxi Province.
"Three old houses, an ancient pagoda and a piece of dry cloth." This is people's evaluation of Mr. Sanyuan's former residence, and the old pagoda tree that has grown for more than 300 years has deeply touched Mr. Sanyuan. ..
When Yu Youren was young, he followed Dr. Sun Yat-sen and made outstanding contributions to overthrowing the feudal rule of Manchu. He actively advocated the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, initiated education and built water conservancy projects, and was a sincere patriot. He was an early poet of Nanshe, who wrote nearly 900 poems in his life. His poems, lyrics and songs are all accomplished. He wrote many poems that entrusted the rise and fall of the country and the nation, such as You Jian Wen Cun and You Shi Ren Shu. He is also a famous calligrapher and founded the calligraphy art of "Yu Ti". Lin Yutang once said: "Among contemporary calligraphers, Yu Youren, the supervisor, is the best model, and the status of the supervisor today depends in part on his reputation for calligraphy."
Modern book "National Mourning";
National Mourning: On-the-spot Record of Kuomintang's Front Battlefield Against Japan
War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression is the first national liberation war in which the Chinese nation completely defeated the imperialist powers and invaded China for more than 100 years. It is also an important part of the world anti-fascist war and occupies an important position in the historical process of China and even the world. Under the special historical conditions, the scenes of mutual support and cooperation between the front battlefield of the Kuomintang and the battlefield behind the enemy lines in the liberated areas all reflect the indomitable and United national tradition of a nation and show the national integrity of the people of China. /kloc-During the period from October to May, China's army blocked the powerful Japanese invaders with its flesh and blood. Is it war or peace? Politicians and military strategists appear frequently and are arrogant. In Songhu, Xinkou, Xuzhou and Wuhan, several major battles are intertwined and unprecedented.
National mourning: a soldier who died for his country