Appreciation: The poet's artistic technique of expressing sadness with joyful scenes, and through the description of the scenery, he expressed his deep feelings of worrying about the country and missing his family.
"Original"
What spring looks like.
Author: Du Fu
Chang' an fell, the country was broken, and only the mountains and rivers remained; Spring has come, and the sparsely populated Chang' an city is densely forested.
Sad state, can not help but burst into tears, amazing birds, leaving sorrow and hate.
The war lasted for more than half a year, and letters from home were rare, with a hundred thousand gold.
Twisting with melancholy, scratching my head and thinking, the more I scratch my white hair, I can hardly insert a hairpin.
"translation"
The country has been invaded, the mountains and rivers remain the same, and Chang' an City is overgrown with weeds and lush trees.
Sentimental about state affairs, I can't help but burst into tears when I see the flowers bloom, and I am disappointed and resentful. When I hear birds singing, I think it is also very worrying.
The continuous war has lasted for a spring, and there are few letters from home. A letter is worth twelve thousand gold.
Worried, scratching my head, my white hair is getting shorter and shorter, and I can't insert it.
[Notes]
Country: The capital refers to Chang 'an (now Xi 'an, Shaanxi).
Break: fall.
Mountains and rivers still exist: the old mountains and rivers still exist.
City: Chang 'an City.
Deep planting: refers to a vast territory with few people.
Sense of time: sentimentality about the present situation of the country.
Splash: Tears.
Hate parting: regret parting.
Beacon: Fireworks used in ancient frontier warning refers to the war of An Shi Rebellion. March: the first month, February and March.
Arrival: value, quite.
Whitehead: here refers to white hair. Scratch: scratch gently with your fingers.
Xiongnu: Very simple. Desire: think, want, want.
Win: endure, endure. Hairpin: a kind of jewelry for tying hair. Ancient men had long hair, which was tied on the top of their heads when they were adults and inserted horizontally with hairpins to avoid scattering.
"Create background"
This poem was written in March of the second year of Su Zong's visit to Germany (757). In June of the first year, the Anshi Rebellion invaded Chang 'an. "After three days, Dassault, all private wealth was plundered", and the city was set on fire, making the prosperous and magnificent Kyoto a ruin. In August of the first year, Du Fu placed his wife in Qiang Village, Zhangzhou, was captured on the way to Lingwu in the north, and was taken to Chang 'an after the fall. It's been over half a year. It was late spring, touching the scene and breaking my heart. I created the five laws that have been passed down for generations.
"Create background"
The first four sentences of this poem describe the miserable and dilapidated scene of Chang 'an in spring, with ups and downs. In the last four sentences, the poet's feelings of caring for relatives and state affairs are full of bitterness and indignation. The rhyme of the whole poem is rigorous, and the couplet takes "the place where petals flow like tears" as the sigh of the first couplet, and "the lonely bird has sung sadness" as the worry of homesickness, while the couplet emphasizes that deep worry leads to white sparse, delicate antithesis and tragic voice.
This poem is a blend of scenes, deep feelings, implicit and concise, which fully embodies the artistic style of "depression and frustration". This poem has a compact structure and revolves around the word "Wang". The first four sentences are lyrical by borrowing scenery and scenery. The poet's sigh, grief and indignation are conveyed implicitly in the cross-transformation of feelings and scenery, from climbing to focusing on the perspective, from far to near, from light to strong. From the beginning, I described the bleak scenery of Beijing, to the tears when I saw the spring flowers and the resentment when I listened to the birds singing; Then I wrote that the war lasted so long that there was no news at home. Finally, I wrote my own sadness and aging, interwoven and progressive, creating a realm that can arouse people's voices and deep thoughts. It shows the typical feelings under the background of typical times, reflects the good wishes of contemporary people to love the country and yearn for peace, and expresses everyone's unanimous inner voice. It also shows the poet's noble feelings of worrying about the country and the people and being sad at times.
"Introduction to the author"
Du Fu (7 12-770), with beautiful words, is called "Du Gongbu" and "Du Shaoling" in the world. Born in Fugong County, Henan Province (now gongyi city, Henan Province), he was a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty. Du Fu is regarded as a "poet saint" by the world, and his poems are called "the history of poetry". Du Fu and Li Bai are called "Du Li" together. In order to distinguish them from the other two poets Li Shangyin and Du Mu, that is, "Little Du Li", Du Fu and Li Bai are also called "Big Du Li". He is concerned about the country and the people and has a noble personality. About 65,438+0,400 of his poems have been preserved, and his poetic skills are exquisite, and he is highly respected in Chinese classical poetry and has far-reaching influence. He lived in Chengdu from 759 to 766 and was commemorated by Du Fu's Caotang.